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Results for “Disaster Planning”

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At least 1,549 records · Page 86Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

California hospitals on shaky ground. Financial requirements of seismic standards posing threat.

California hospitals know all about financial tremors. They've been shaken by the growing dominance of managed care, large-scale failures of physician practice management firms and cuts in government reimbursement. Now looming are state-mandated standards intended to make hospitals better able to withstand earthquakes. It's the cost to implement the standards, estimated at more than $24 billion, that has hospitals truly quaking.

Building Codes↗
PubMed2001

The design and assessment of mock mass disasters for dental personnel.

Mass disasters represent a significant challenge for dental personnel who are frequently called upon to provide identifications. Recently-published materials have highlighted the need to prepare such groups for the disaster challenge and to report inadequacies in existing preparation methods with an emphasis on team integration, organization, and the psychological and emotional effects of such work. Many studies have retrospectively reported errors that have been made in disaster situations, but few have addressed the issues proactively. In an effort to provide a prepared team of dental members, a mock disaster exercise (Operation: DENT-ID) is conducted annually in Vancouver, Canada. The present study analyzes the effectiveness of this exercise in relation to team organization, assessment of preparedness, and the emotional and psychological issues. An index of preparedness is developed and described. This index, in the form of a questionnaire, can be given to participants in mock disasters to assess the effectiveness of such exercises. While the focus of this paper is on the assessment of dental personnel, the indices and methods used can be applied to any group working within the disaster team. Results indicate that the increase in preparedness as a result of the exercise was highly significant.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2001

[Medical consequences of earthquakes and organization of their liquidation (Communication II)].

The main factor determining the size of sanitary losses (SL) and the share of injuries with different degree of severity is intensity of earthquake. At the same time dependence of SL structure on the types of populated area (including the peculiarities of their building) and the character of population allocation at the moment of earthquake is rather small. It allows to substantiate the common medical-and-evacuation indices of the casualties for the given intensity of earthquake. The normative indices given in the article are of reference significance and depending on concrete situation require closer definition.

Disaster Planning↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Controversy and consensus in disaster mental health research.

Controversies regarding the mental health consequences of disasters are rooted both in disciplinary orientations and in the widely varied research strategies that have been employed in disaster mental health studies. However, despite a history of dissensus, there are also key issues on which researchers agree. Disasters constitute stressful and traumatic experiences. However, vulnerability to such experiences, as well as to more chronic stressors, is socially structured, reflecting the influence of socio-economic status and other axes of stratification, including gender, race, and ethnicity. Disaster events differ in the extent to which they generate stress for victims. A holistic perspective on disaster mental health would take into account not only disaster event characteristics, but also social-systemic sources of both acute and chronic stress, secondary and cumulative stressors, and victims internal and external coping capacities.

Disaster Planning↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A study of intersectoral co-ordination in disaster management in flood prone districts of West Bengal.

Disaster management is essentially a multi-sectoral and multidisciplinary endeavor. The status of disaster preparedness, coordination among different sectors and its impact on disaster management performance were studied and compared in two flood prone comparable districts viz. Midnapore and Murshidabad of West Bengal. The perception of state level officers about important job responsibilities of other departments in relation to disaster management and its intersectoral co-ordination was found mostly satisfactory; but this desired status did not prevail at district level. Lack of co-ordination among some sectors at district levels persisted in Murshidabad district, indicating comparatively better intersectoral co-ordination in Midnapore district. Thus, 'early response following flood' the most important indicator of adequacy of pre-disaster preparedness was found significantly better in Midnapore district. On the contrary, due to liberal use of Radio transmission set for flood warning, a significantly higher proportion of affected families in Murshidabad district received early flood warning compared to Midnapore. Organisational aspects of disaster management need to be improvised with role clarity of different departments in relation to other sectors involved in this endeavor.

Disaster Planning↗
PubMed2001

Using virtual reality to teach special populations how to cope in crisis: the case of a virtual earthquake.

The unique characteristics of special populations such as pre-school children and Down syndrome kids in crisis and their distorted self-image were never studied before, because of the difficulty of crisis reproduction. This study proposes a VR setting that tries to model some special population's behaviour in the time of crises and offers them a training scenario. The sample population consisted of 30 pre-school children and 20 children with Down syndrome. The VR setting involved a high-speed PC, a VPL EyePhone 1, a MR toolkit, a vibrations plate, a motion capture system and other sensors. The system measured and modelled the typical behaviour of these special populations in a Virtual Earthquake scenario with sight and sound and calculated a VR anthropomorphic model that reproduced their behaviour and emotional state. Afterwards one group received an emotionally enhanced VR self-image as feedback for their training, one group received a plain VR self-image and another group received verbal instructions. The findings strongly suggest that the training was a lot more biased by the emotionally enhanced VR self-image than the other approaches. These findings could highlight the special role of the self-image to therapy and training and the interesting role of imagination to emotions, motives and learning. Further studies could be done with various scenarios in order to measure the best-biased behaviour and establish the most natural and affective VR model. This presentation is going to highlight the main findings and some theories behind them.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Disaster management: the iceman cometh.

How a small, rural Canadian hospital learned valuable disaster management lessons when it was called to help the community survive an intense ice storm.

Disaster Planning↗