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[Dentigerous cyst. Report of an unusual case].

An up-to-date review on dentigerous cysts is carried out and the fact that no report has been found in the medical literature on a similar case to that one of our patient is pointed out. The clinical picture, radiographic characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of these cases are described. Peculiarity of our patient because of the amount of teeth contained in the cyst, as well as persistence of deciduous teeth, is outlined.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Surgical correction of hemifacial microsomia in the growing child.

This is a follow-up study of 20 children who had surgical correction of hemifacial microsomia in an effort to improve facial growth and minimize secondary distortion. In group 1 (skeletal types I and IIA), 10 children underwent elongation and lengthening of the mandible. In group 2 (skeletal types IIB and III), 10 children had total construction of a new temporomandibular joint and mandibular ramus with rib grafts and costochondral junction. In both groups, an open bite was created on the affected side to provide space for tooth eruption and downward growth of the middle face. The mean follow-up was 50.9 months (18 to 117 months) in group 1 and 45 months (18 to 50 months) in group 2. Analysis of our early results showed that all patients have had downward growth of the midface on the affected side. All five patients in group 1, followed to complete closure of the surgically created open bite, have maintained a level occlusal plane. In group 2, the one patient followed to completion of facial growth continues to have a level occlusal plane and facial symmetry. Appropriately timed mandibular construction and/or elongation in children with hemifacial microsomia is safe and effective. There is a decrease in secondary deformity on the affected side, and the eventual overall facial growth is optimized. Some group 2 children will need secondary elongation and augmentation of the mandible. Nevertheless, this study demonstrates that early mandibular correction may obviate the need for maxillary and orbital procedures in adulthood.

Bone Transplantation↗
PubMed1987

Osteopetrosis--multiple pathways for the interception of osteoclast function.

Osteopetrosis is a metabolic bone disease inherited in a number of species including human beings and characterized by a generalized increase in skeletal density detected radiographically. This condition results primarily from reduced osteoclast function which produces partial or complete absence of marrow spaces, a variable compensatory hepatosplenomegaly, interferences with tooth eruption and certain neurological complications. Experimental investigations of some mutations have shown that restoration of bone resorption and recovery from the disease follow bone marrow transplantation. These data indicate that in these mutations, including some children, the defect is intrinsic to osteoclasts or their stem cells. In other mutations in animals and children, bone marrow transplants do not restore bone resorption and the defect is believed to be one of local environmental products or signals whose importance in cell differentiation and regulation is becoming increasingly appreciated. These data, reviewed with respect to the emerging cell biology of the osteoclast, indicate that osteopetrotic mutations have much to teach us about the regulation of bone metabolism.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Periodontal health and periodontal disease in young people: global epidemiology.

A review of epidemiological surveys of the periodontal conditions of young people has shown that chronic marginal gingivitis associated primarily with plaque, is global, very common and even endemic in some population groups. Data on the prevalence of transient gingival conditions associated with tooth eruption, puberty and systemic factors are lacking and therefore their contribution to the prevalence of periodontal disease is unknown. Reports of periodontitis in young people are relatively uncommon except in a few populations where it appears as an adult-type of chronic marginal periodontitis. Juvenile periodontitis and other more destructive forms of periodontitis are not common. However, problems in epidemiological methodology and clinical differential diagnosis make comparative evaluation of survey data difficult and subjective. Two epidemiological indices, the Periodontal Index and the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) have been used for many surveys in varied population groups. They provide data which agree on the ubiquity of gingivitis, whether identified visually or by bleeding-on-probing, and the low frequency of periodontitis. Data from CPITN surveys reveal a higher prevalence of calculus (sub-gingival) associated with gingivitis in young people than previously reported. All the epidemiological data reviewed point to plaque as the primary aetiological agent in gingivitis. There is little evidence of the involvement of other factors except that host resistance/susceptibility in this age group may modify the microbial effect.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Timing of tooth emergence. A prospective longitudinal study of Swedish urban children from birth to 18 years.

Longitudinal data on tooth emergence were collected from birth to 18 years from 212 randomly selected Swedish urban children. At 18 years, 76 per cent (160/212) of the original subjects were examined. All deciduous teeth except the mandibular second molar emerged earlier in boys than in girls, but the sex difference was only statistically significant (p less than 0.05) for the maxillary laterals and mandibular canines. All permanent teeth emerged significantly earlier in girls than in boys, the sex difference being 2.5 to 14 months.

Adolescent↗