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At least 1,531 records · Page 85Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

[A case of choroidovitreal neovascularization after unsuccessful laser chorioretinal venous anastomosis for central retinal vein occlusion].

BACKGROUND: A case of nonischemic central retinal vein occlusion, which developed severe neovascular complication after unsuccessful laser chorioretinal venous anastomosis is reported. CASE: The patient was a 50-year-old man with nonischemic central retinal vein occlusion of the right eye. Two weeks after laser chorioretinal venous anastomosis attempt, closure of the venous segment distal to the anastomotic sites occurred and a choroidovitreal neovascularization developed, so that vitreous surgery was needed 2 months after the laser attempt. CONCLUSION: Laser chorioretinal venous anastomosis should be used only on carefully selected patients, and close follow-up is needed after this treatment.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1988

Iris neovascularization associated with obstruction of the central retinal artery.

The authors retrospectively reviewed 168 cases of central retinal artery obstruction (CRAO) to determine the rate of occurrence of iris neovascularization (NVI) and to identify any factors that may predispose to its development. Twenty-eight well-documented cases of NVI after CRAO were detected, an occurrence rate of 16.6%. After evaluating the intravenous fluorescein angiograms of these patients, the authors conclude that an extreme prolongation of the retinal arteriovenous transit time is an independent risk factor for the subsequent development of NVI. Twelve of 18 eyes (66.6%) in the NVI group, versus seven of 29 eyes (24.1%) in the control group, showed such prolongation (P less than 0.02).

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Choroidal neovascularization after cryoapplication.

After sealing peripheral retinal tears in retinal detachment surgery by means of cryoapplications, neovascularization appeared, stemming from the choroidal circulation. This complication was noted in three cases of retinal detachment with tears in an area of latticelike degeneration. The neovascularization, clearly originating from the choroid, extended into the vitreous cavity through the chorioretinal scar created by the cryoapplication. Repeated attempts to destroy the neovascularization with argon laser applications proved unsuccessful. In the 4--6-year follow-up of the cases recurrent hemorrhages were observed. The etiology of the neovascularization remains unknown, but it is probably related to the presence of subretinal pigment epithelium neovascularization encountered in a high percentage of adults in the retinal periphery. The choroidal neovascularization described provides evidence that, in addition to xenon arc and argon laser applications, cryoapplication on the retina can also cause this rare complication.

Choroid↗
PubMed1985

Diffuse drusen and associated complications.

An eye of a patient with an unusual form of diffuse drusen was studied by light and electron microscopy. Examination disclosed marked diffuse and nodular thickening of the inner portion of Bruch's membrane by vesicular and curvilinear membranous profiles and basement membrane-like material that was apparently derived from the retinal pigment epithelium. Deposition of this abnormal material suggests a diffuse abnormality of the retinal pigment epithelium and predisposes to serous detachment of the retinal pigment epithelium, choroidal neovascularization, hemorrhagic detachment of the retinal pigment epithelium, and disciform scarring. The features of this case are similar to previously reported cases of diffuse drusen, but differ in the early age of onset, intensity of changes, and, in part, by the nature of the abnormal material observed.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1998

Visual fields after removal of subretinal hemorrhages and neovascular membranes in age-related macular degeneration.

BACKGROUND: Surgical removal of subretinal hemorrhaging and membranes in eyes with age-related macular degeneration is feasible from a technical point of view, but no advantage over the spontaneous course of the disease has been proven. Visual acuity usually does not improve much. A realistic aim of surgical intervention may be diminution of the central scotoma size, which has not been studied. METHOD: In a prospective study visual fields were measured preoperatively and 6 weeks and 6 months postoperatively in eyes operated on for subretinal hemorrhages and membranes in exudative age-related macular degeneration. The OCTOPUS 1-2-3 program glx, which tests the visual field of 60 degrees diameter at 59 points, was used. Changes in the total size of areas with sensitivity loss of 10-20 dB (= relative scotoma) and > 20 dB (= absolute scotoma) were interpreted as surgical effect. Patients with postoperative retinal detachment or neovascular recurrence were excluded. 30 eyes of 29 patients were enrolled (mean age 75.3 years, 11 male, 18 female) and divided into 3 groups: 14 eyes with massive subretinal hemorrhage of diameters > 30 degrees; 12 eyes with hemorrhages of 10 degrees-30 degrees; 4 eyes with mere neovascular membranes < 10 degrees. RESULTS: (1) The visible area of damage is diminished by surgery (P < 0.01). The reduction for lesions > 30 degrees is 80%; for lesions between 10 degrees and 30 degrees the improvement is 43%. For lesions < 10 degrees there is no significant change. (2) The absolute scotoma size diminishes in all three groups (P = 0.05). The reductions are 63%, 57% and 21%, respectively. (3) Areas of absolute scotoma do not regain full function but are converted to relative scotoma depth, at best. Therefore, in the > 30 degrees group an overall increase (P < 0.01) of the relative scotoma size is observed. (4) The mean sensitivity in the 60 degrees field enhances by 1.6 dB (average over 30 eyes, P = 0.04). (5) Mean preoperative visual acuities were 0.03, 0.12 and 0.17, respectively, with no significant change after surgery. The power of testing is sufficient (0.93) to reject an increase of acuity from 0.12 to 0.2 in group 2. CONCLUSIONS: For hemorrhagic subretinal lesions of diameter > 10 degrees a relevant reduction of central scotoma size is achieved by surgery. The final benefit for the patients depends on the frequency of surgical complications and neovascular recurrence.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Branch retinal vein occlusion in a patient with Waardenburg syndrome.

A 43-year-old woman (case II-2) with dystopia canthorum, white forelock, blue iris in the left eye, hypopigmented fundi, and systemic hypertension complained of visible floaters in the left eye. Whitish branch retinal vein, preretinal hemorrhages and neovascularization were found in the left fundus. Her intraocular pressure in the left eye was sometimes elevated to 22 mm Hg. The patient's brother (case II-3) was reported to have blue irises in both eyes. We believe that these patients have Waardenburg syndrome, that branch retinal vein occlusion in case II-2 may be caused chiefly by systemic hypertension, and that elevated intraocular pressure associated with the blue iris may be partly involved in the pathogenesis of vein occlusion in the left eye.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

The effect of pan-retinal photo-coagulation on rubeosis iridis.

Fifteen eyes of 11 patients with rubeosis iridis and angle neovascularization associated with retinal vascular disorders were treated with pan-retinal photocoagulation. In seven of the 15 eyes, the new vessels on the surface of the iris and in the angle regressed after pan-retinal photocoagulation therapy for disk neovascularization; five of the remaining eight eyes that were treated prospectively demonstrated similar involution of the rubeosis iridis. In three of the five preexisting peripheral anterior synechiae regressed and angle structures previously obscured became visible. Three to 36 months after therapy, three eyes developed a few new abnormal iris and angle vessels.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Tenomodulin is necessary for tenocyte proliferation and tendon maturation.

Tenomodulin (Tnmd) is a member of a new family of type II transmembrane glycoproteins. It is predominantly expressed in tendons, ligaments, and eyes, whereas the only other family member, chondromodulin I (ChM-I), is highly expressed in cartilage and at lower levels in the eye and thymus. The C-terminal extracellular domains of both proteins were shown to modulate endothelial-cell proliferation and tube formation in vitro and in vivo. We analyzed Tnmd function in vivo and provide evidence that Tnmd is processed in vivo and that the proteolytically cleaved C-terminal domain can be found in tendon extracts. Loss of Tnmd expression in gene targeted mice abated tenocyte proliferation and led to a reduced tenocyte density. The deposited amounts of extracellular matrix proteins, including collagen types I, II, III, and VI and decorin, lumican, aggrecan, and matrilin-2, were not affected, but the calibers of collagen fibrils varied significantly and exhibited increased maximal diameters. Tnmd-deficient mice did not have changes in tendon vessel density, and mice lacking both Tnmd and ChM-I had normal retinal vascularization and neovascularization after oxygen-induced retinopathy. These results suggest that Tnmd is a regulator of tenocyte proliferation and is involved in collagen fibril maturation but do not confirm an in vivo involvement of Tnmd in angiogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Autologous peripheral retinal pigment epithelium translocation in patients with subfoveal neovascular membranes.

AIM: To evaluate the possibility of translocating autologous peripheral retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and enhance their adhesion to improve functional outcome after choroidal neovascular membrane extraction in patients with subfoveal neovascular membranes. METHODS: A prospective, non-controlled surgical study in eight consecutive patients operated between February and July 2001 with final data monitoring in July 2002. All patients had mixed subfoveal membranes of 2-4 disc diameters. Functional tests included Snellen vision and central fixation testing. During vitrectomy, after the extraction of the neovascular complex, 8 x 10(4)-16 x 10(4) RPE cells were removed from the periphery and translocated under the macula following the submacular injection of 2 microg of poly-L-lysine to promote adhesion of the cells. RESULTS: With a follow up ranging from 3 months to 16 months, a pigmented area was seen in the extraction bed of the neovascular membrane in only one patient. Fixation was at the edge of the extraction bed in three patients. Vision remained the same in five patients and deteriorated in three (all with retinal detachment). Retinal detachment due to proliferative vitreoretinopathy occurred in three patients. CONCLUSIONS: The translocation of autologous peripheral RPE cells after membrane extraction was technically possible in a sterile manner, but was associated with a high proliferative vitreoretinopathy rate and in the present series had no measurable positive effect on functional outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Vitrectomy for nondiabetic vitreous hemorrhage. Retinal and choroidal vascular disorders.

The results and complications of pars plana vitrectomy for nondiabetic vitreous hemorrhage due to retinal and choroidal vascular disorders were studied in 68 eyes of 66 patients. Diagnoses included: retinal branch vein obstruction (34 eyes), choroidal neovascularization (15 eyes), central retinal vein occlusion (5 eyes), Eales' disease (10 eyes), pars planitis (3 eyes), and hemoglobin S-C retinopathy (1 eye). The duration of the vitreous hemorrhage was 6 months or more in 48 eyes (71%), and averaged 17.8 months. Preoperative visual acuity was less than 5/200 in 57 eyes (84%). Best postoperative visual acuity was 5/200 or better in 55 patients (81%), and vision improved two or more lines after vitrectomy in 54 eyes (80%). Patients with retinal branch vein obstruction, Eales' disease, or pars planitis had the best prognosis. Those with central retinal vein obstruction or choroidal neovascularization had the worst prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Evaluation of central retinal sensitivity after vitrectomy with removal of choroidal neovascular membrane for age-related macular degeneration].

PURPOSE: To evaluate retinal sensitivity in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) before and after surgery. METHODS: Seven consecutive patients with AMD underwent vitrectomy with removal of choroidal neovascular membrane(CNV). Static microperimetry using a scanning laser ophthalmoscope(SLO) was performed before and after surgery. Central dense scotoma size was measured. RESULTS: Retinal sensitivity improved in all cases. Mean size of the central dense scotoma was decreased by 42%(range 14-62%). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that vitrectomy with removal of CNV can improve the central retinal sensitivity.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Atypical parafoveal telangiectasis with subsequent anterior and posterior segment neovascularization.

Bilateral parafoveal telangiectasis typically includes the presence of fluorescein staining of outer retinal capillaries, no macular ischemia, right-angled venules, and migration of pigment along these venules. In the bilateral form, atypical parafoveal telangiectasis with macular ischemia but without right-angled venules or migration of pigment along these venules has been reported in only five patients previously. An atypical case is presented of bilateral parafoveal telangiectasis complicated, not only by areas of macular nonperfusion, but also by peripheral ischemia with subsequent anterior and posterior segment neovascularization in the absence of any systemic abnormalities. As in previously reported cases, this patient had no evidence of right-angled venules or pigment migration. Pan-retinal photocoagulation resolved the rubeosis and caused regression of the retinal neovascularization.

Fluorescein Angiography↗
PubMed1990

Relationship of drusen and abnormalities of the retinal pigment epithelium to the prognosis of neovascular macular degeneration. The Macular Photocoagulation Study Group.

We graded macular features of 127 fellow eyes of participants in the Macular Photocoagulation Study who had an extrafoveal choroidal neovascular membrane secondary to age-related macular degeneration in the first eye and no initial evidence of the neovascular form of age-related macular degeneration in the fellow eye. Our aims were to determine the relationship of drusen characteristics and retinal pigment epithelial abnormalities to the risk of subsequent development of neovascularization in the fellow eye and the risk of subsequent development of recurrent neovascular membranes after photocoagulation in the first eye. Regression analysis demonstrated that the presence of large drusen and focal hyperpigmentation of the retinal pigment epithelium were independent risk factors for the subsequent development of neovascularization in the fellow eye (relative risk, 2.4 and 2.5, respectively). Only 10% of eyes with no large drusen or any retinal pigment epithelial hyperpigmentation compared with 58% of eyes with both large drusen and retinal pigment epithelial hyperpigmentation developed neovascularization in the fellow eye within 5 years. Using multivariate Cox regression analysis, we noted that the risk of developing recurrent neovascular membranes in the first eye was significantly increased when large drusen (relative risk, 2.8) were noted in the fellow eye at the time of laser treatment in the first eye. Fundus features in the fellow eye appear to help identify patients at high risk of developing visual loss from recurrent neovascular membranes following laser treatment in the first eye and from development of a neovascular membrane in the fellow eye.

Aging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Laser coagulation and cryocoagulation in the treatment of isolated retinal angiitis].

Isolated retinal vasculitis (IRV) is a form of retinal vasculitis without other inflammations of the eye or systemic vasculitis. Occlusion of retinal vessels without subsequent retinal ischemia and neovascularization is one of the main problems in the management of such patients. Laser photocoagulation seems to be a method to control this problem. Argon laser photocoagulation was used in the treatment of 34 IRV patients (56 eyes) (29 men and 15 women aged 25-41 years, mean age 32.9 +/- 5.2 years). A total of 168 sessions were carried out. Regression of neovascularization was achieved in 29 of 44 eyes (79.5%). Additional cryotherapy had to be performed in 15 eyes, good results were attained in 9 eyes (60%). Patients treated with prednisolone in a daily dose of 10-20 mg during laser coagulation had IRV recurrences more rarely than those treated with lower doses (5 mg) (0-6.7% vs. 50%, p < 0.0013), those treated with metipred-depot for 7-14 days (0-6.7% vs. 53.8-66.6%, p < 0.0023), or untreated ones (0-6.7% vs. 73.9%, p < 0.0000).

Adult↗
PubMed2001

The therapeutic effects of retinal laser treatment and vitrectomy. A theory based on oxygen and vascular physiology.

The physiologic mechanism of photocoagulation can been seen in the following steps. The physical light energy is absorbed in the melanin of the retinal pigment epithelium. The adjacent photoreceptors are destroyed and are replaced by a glial scar and the oxygen consumption of the outer retina is reduced. Oxygen that normally diffuses from the choriocapillaris into the retina can now diffuse through the laser scars in the photoreceptor layer without being consumed in the mitochondria of the photoreceptors. This oxygen flux reaches the inner retina to relieve inner retinal hypoxia and raise the oxygen tension. As a result, the retinal arteries constrict and the bloodflow decreases. Hypoxia relief reduces production of growth factors such as VEGF and neovascularization is reduced or stopped. Vasoconstriction increases arteriolar resistance, decreases hydrostatic pressure in capillaries and venules and reduces edema formation according to Starling's law. Vitrectomy also improves retinal oxygenation by allowing oxygen and other nutrients to be transported in water currents in the vitreous cavity from well oxygenated to ischemic areas of the retina. Vitrectomy and retinal photocoagulation both improve retinal oxygenation and both reduce diabetic macular edema and retinal neovascularization.

Diabetic Retinopathy↗
PubMed1978

Peripheral retinal cryotherapy as a treatment for neovascular glaucoma.

This treatment does have a place in the management of the established conditions because, when it is successful, some guiding vision is maintained; this is potentially important, as a central retinal vein thrombosis may affect the second eye. Restoring a normotensive eye has other long-term advantages; it is cosmetically better, and is unlikely to lead to a degenerate cornea, which would otherwise occur, and might lead to late endophalmitis.

Cryosurgery↗