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Results for “National Health Programs”

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At least 1,531 records · Page 85Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Impact of hospital and physician characteristics on medical expenditures for acute myocardial infarction hospitalization.

This study aims to examine the impact of length of stay, hospital characteristics, physician characteristics and other factors on the expenditures of hospitalization for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) under Taiwan's National Health Insurance program. This study uses data collected from the Taiwan's National Health Research Institute's 2001-2003 National Health Insurance Research Database. We estimated contributors to increased expenditures of hospitalization using three-stage least square regression model. The hospital expenditures for the treatment of AMI averaged NT$126,366 (US$3829, US$1=NT$33) per discharge, with the largest proportion (27%) spent on room expenditures. They were strongly impacted by length of stay, increasing around 4.8% per day. We conclude that hospital expenditures for the treatment of AMI patients may vary widely depending on the characteristics of the hospital and physicians that provide them care.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Disease management programs from a health insurer's point of view].

Disease Management Programmes represent a great challenge to the German statutory health insurance system. According to politicians, disease management programmes are an appropriate tool for increasing the level of care for chronically ill patients significantly, while at the same time they can slow down the cost explosion in health care. The statutory health insurers' point of view yields a more refined picture of the chances and risks involved. The chances are that a medical guideline-based, evidence-based, co-operative care of the chronically ill could be established. But also, there are the risks of misuse of disease management programmes and of misallocation of funds due to the ill-advised linkage with the so-called risk compensation scheme (RSA) balancing the sickness funds' structural deficits through redistribution. The nation-wide introduction of disease management programmes appears to be a gigantic experiment whose aim is to change the care of chronically ill patients and whose outcome is unpredictable.

Disease Management↗
PubMed1999

Free choice, equity, and care: the moral foundations of health care.

The aims of this paper are threefold. The first aim is to provide a critique of the reform proposal of the Harvard School of Public Health for Hong Kong's health care system through privatization of the public sector services. The second aim is to argue for the duty of society to guarantee every member equal access to a basic level of health care based on the values of equity, care and free choice. The third aim is to explore some suggestions about delivery structures and financial arrangements of a dual sector health care system which will better enable society to provide a basic level of health care that is sustainable and affordable, while being at the same time consistent with the values of care, equity and free choice.

Advisory Committees↗
PubMed2000

The National Public Health Performance Standards Program: will it strengthen governance of local public health?

Governing bodies such as local boards of health are the government authority ultimately accountable for public health at the local level. The National Public Health Performance Standards Program (NPHPSP) provides governing bodies guidance in their oversight of the public health system and the provision of essential public health services. Using the NPHPSP's standard guidelines and criteria, local public health governing boards can identify assets and needs for public health improvements, coordinate existing services and programs, and target their advocacy for public health resources. The NPHPSP provides governing boards a means for ensuring that local public health systems coordinate their efforts to improve accountability, quality, and evidence for community health.

Health Policy↗
PubMed1988

Schizophrenia research in the Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health: editor's introduction.

One of the major reasons for the existence of National Institute of Mental Health's Intramural Research Program is the study of schizophrenia. The program provides relatively stable funding for the long-term examination of the basic and clinical sciences as they relate to this major public-health problem. This article and those that follow review some of the past and current contributions to our understanding of schizophrenia that have emanated from the Intramural Research Program.

Humans↗
PubMed2000

The national Area Health Education Center program and primary care residency training.

The Area Health Education Center (AHEC) program was established in 1972 to improve the supply, distribution, retention and quality of primary care and other health practitioners in medically underserved areas. Through academic/community partnerships, regional AHECs offer a broad array of educational programs for students, residents and practicing health professionals. With primary care medical education a core part of AHEC programs, AHECs have been involved in decentralized residency training from the outset, with particular attention to family medicine. This paper provides an overview of the national AHEC program, its core components and its support for primary care residency training. Although AHECs have achieved considerable success in training primary care physicians for their respective states, continued refinements of programs are needed to address the needs of the most rural and underserved communities.

Area Health Education Centers↗
PubMed1996

The impact of the vaccine for children's program on child immunization delivery. A policy analysis.

The Vaccine for Children (VFC) program was proposed as part of President Clinton's 1993 Childhood Immunization Initiative. It is a federal vaccine-financing program that pays for and distributes free vaccine to providers serving 4 classes of children: (1) Medicaid insured, (2) uninsured, (3) children with private insurance that does not cover immunizations, and (4) American Indian and Alaskan Native children. Despite support from major professional organizations, the VFC program has come under intense criticism, with critics arguing that the cost of vaccines is not a major barrier to immunization receipt. In this article, we analyze how the VFC program will influence the receipt of immunizations by children under different child health care delivery and financing systems. We conclude that the impact of VFC on access to immunizations will be uneven; however, VFC could significantly improve access to immunizations for the over one third of US children who are either uninsured or covered under Medicaid fee for service. With further augmentations and refinements, VFC could be fashioned to overcome significant and persistent barriers to the timely delivery of immunizations in our disjointed child health financing and delivery systems.

Child↗
PubMed2006

[Monitoring and evaluating actions implemented to confront AIDS in Brazil: civil society's participation].

The United Nations Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS recommends that governments conduct periodic analysis of actions undertaken in confronting the HIV/AIDS epidemic that involve civil society's participation. Specific instruments and mechanisms should be created towards this end. This paper examines some of the responses of the Brazilian government to this recommendation. Analysis contemplates the Declaration's proposals as to civil society's participation in monitoring and evaluating such actions and their adequacy with respect to Brazilian reality. The limitations and potentials of MONITORAIDS, the matrix of indicators created by Brazil's Programa Nacional de DST/Aids [National Program for STD/AIDS] to monitor the epidemic are discussed. Results indicate that MONITORAIDS's complexity hampers its use by the conjunction of actors involved in the struggle against AIDS. The establishment of mechanisms that facilitate the appropriation of this system by all those committed to confronting the epidemic in Brazil is suggested.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed2003

[Approach to the elderly in family health programs].

This article discusses the role of the Brazilian National Policy for Senior Citizens' Health in the promotion of healthy aging, preservation and improvement of functional capacity in the elderly, disease prevention, recovery of those who fall ill, and rehabilitation of those with limited functional capacity, will the goal of ensuring that senior citizens can remain in their surroundings and independently exercise their functions in society. Care for the elderly should be based primarily on the family, with support from primary health care services, under the family health strategy, representing a link between the elderly and the health system. The article goes on to list some health problems among the elderly in which family health programs can have a major impact. The Family Health Strategy in Brazil is analyzed in relation to health care for the elderly, along with the responsibilities, skills, and attributions required by the health care team.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The Italian Heart Transplant Project: organization of a multicenter program.

The Italian Heart Transplant Project is a national program coordinated by the Health Ministry and involves eight cardiac surgery centers, two coordination centers for organ procurement, and one national registry. An intercenter network for the solution of logistic problems regarding organ procurement and assignment has been built up. Preintervention and clinical follow-up data are recorded in each center and in a national registry by the implementation of a computerized data base. This is realized by employing low cost and diffuse software and hardware. The complex goal of common data collection and standardization is also being pursued for collateral areas such as cardiac pathology and immunologic surveillance. Data collection is useful for clinical monitoring and also for costs and/or requirements analysis.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1981

[The National Research Program No. 8 - a contribution for an effective health care politic].

Health policy cannot be separated from general policy. In a democratic society it should be elaborated in an open discussion of desirable goals and their relative values and take into account the limits of feasibility. For both, goal setting and goal achievement, knowledge of facts and interrelations in the health care system are needed. To this, the Swiss National Research Programme on "Health Services" is designed to contribute.

Health Policy↗
PubMed2005

Australian mental health reform: time for real outcomes.

After 12 years of national mental health reform, major service gaps and poor experiences of care are common. The mental health community reports little progress in implementing its key priorities, such as expanded early-intervention programs, comanagement of people with mental health problems and related alcohol or substance misuse, and widening of the spectrum of acute care settings. We propose new national targets for reducing the social and economic costs of poor mental health; these include increased access to effective care, reduced suicide rates and improved rates of return to full social and economic participation. We detail specific service reforms designed to maximise the chance of achieving these targets, and prioritise youth health and integrated primary care programs. New independent and national reporting systems on the progress of mental health reform are urgently required.

Adolescent↗