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At least 1,531 records · Page 85Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Urinary lithiasis in childhood in the Bristol clinical area.

A series of 59 consecutive cases of urinary calculi in childhood is presented, being acquired from one local area (Bristol). These children were treated from 1950 to 1973. The peak presentation was in the 2nd and 3rd year of life, with a secondary peak in the 10th year. Anatomical (39%), metabolic (8.5%) or primary infective abnormalities (29%) were demonstrable, but 22% had to be left in an unsatisfactory "idiopathic classification". The overall recurrence rate of 7% was reduced to 3.5% when those patients with cystinuria were excluded. The local water supply areas have been studied and a tentative association is suggested between patients and their environment when they live in an area where the water is not only hard but also alkaline (pH greater than 8).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Urinary lithiasis in childhood in the Bristol clinical area.

A series of 59 consecutive cases of urinary calculi in childhood is presented, being acquired from one local area (Bristol). These children were treated from 1950 to 1973. The peak presentation was in the 2nd and 3rd year of life, with a secondary peak in the 10th year. Anatomical (39%), metabolic (8.5%) or primary infective abnormalities (29%) were demonstrable, but 22% had to be left in an unsatisfactory "idiopathic classification''. The overall recurrence rate of 7% was reduced to 3.5% when those patients with cystinuria were excluded. The local water supply areas have been studied and a tentative association is suggested between patients and their environment when they live in an area where the water is not only hard but also alkaline (pHgreater than 8).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Biliary surgery via minilaparotomy--a limited procedure for biliary lithiasis.

Cholelithiasis until now has been treated using solvents, lithotripsy via a biliary endoscope, laser or shock wave lithotripsy, and laparoscopic cholecystectomy. I have developed a new surgical treatment for cholelithiasis in which a cholecystectomy is performed through a minilaparotomy. This paper presents this new technique and discusses the principles of surgery for cholelithiasis using this technique. This procedure is performed by a 2 to 3 cm subcostal skin incision in the right hypochondrium. More than 400 patients were treated by this technique. This procedure is not different in terms of blood loss or operation time from conventional methods, and no significant complications have occurred. Intraoperative X-ray examination is performed routinely because of easy insertion of a tube from the cystic duct into the bile duct. Reduction of the length of the incision greatly facilitates postoperative recovery, shortening the hospital length-of-stay to within 3 days. The surgical manipulation of only a limited area of the upper abdomen is unlikely to induce postoperative syndromes, such as adhesions or ileus. Following this experience, a biliary drainage procedure based on cholangionmanomery and primary closure of the choledochotomy was introduced. This approach allowed even patients with choledocholithiasis to undergo a minilaparotomy and be discharged within one week.

Bile Ducts↗
PubMed1976

Ultrafiltrable uric acid in serum of healthy humans and patients with renal calcium lithiasis.

Ultrafiltrable serum uric acid (u.a.) was determined by ultrafiltration under in vivo conditions in humans using a reliable technique described in detail. It could be demonstrated that u.a. binding to macromolecules occurs in healthy humans (controls) and in patients with renal calcium stones. The percentage of free u.a. in controls (n=60) averages 86.2 +/- 0.9 SEM. With increasing age, bound u.a. rises slightly. On the other hand, younger (less than 40 years) stone patients have significantly more bound u.a. than matched controls (80.7 +/- 1.0 SEM; p less than 0.001), whereas this is not found in elderly patients. The degree of binding is not related to concentration of plasma proteins but inversely related to free fatty acid concentration in healthy controls (r= -0.52; p less than 0.01). It is suggested that no augmentation of tubular u.a. filtered by the glomeruli could have occurred. The origin of fasting hyperuricosuria shown earlier to be a prominent feature of young renal calcium stone formers is yet unknown.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Lithiasis in the ileal conduit and the continent urinary pouch: two cases and a review.

We present 2 patients who developed stones (6 and 57 g) in the ileal conduit; the first stone was passed and the second required surgical removal; its nidus was a surgical staple. After a review of the literature which includes 25 other cases of stones in ileal conduits, as well as over 20 cases of stones in continent urinary pouches, it is concluded that the use of metallic staples in the construction of the ileal conduit or the continent urinary pouch should be abandoned.

Foreign-Body Reaction↗
PubMed1995

Idiopathic calcium oxalate urinary lithiasis: usefulness of Parks' and Tiselius' indices in the evaluation of the risk of stone formation.

Different indices of the risk of urinary calcium oxalate crystallization were compared to determine their usefulness in detecting the stone-formers particularly prone to recurrence. Urine volume and calcium, oxalate, citrate, magnesium or creatinine were determined in 55 patients presenting with an idiopathic calcium oxalate urolithiasis, as well as in 50 control subjects. On 24-hour urine samples, these elements allowed for the calculation and comparison of different indices of lithogenous risk as proposed by Parks and Tiselius. Both Parks' indices and the urinary citrate-calcium ratio varied significantly between the two groups, but conversely Tiselius' indices were statistically comparable. The three Tiselius' indices taking the 24-hour urine volume into account were also strongly correlated. Parks' index and the urinary citrate-calcium ratio are highly discriminating and potentially relevant to select the stone-formers with a high risk of relapse. Tiselius' indices basically reflect urinary calcium oxalate saturation, and can only be used clinically to control the treatment interfering with this. In this respect, the formula based simply on urine volume, calcium and oxalate over 24 h (Ca0.71.Ox.V-1.2) appears to be sufficient.

Adolescent↗