Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “INTESTINAL PERFORATION”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,531 records · Page 85Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Peritoneal dialysis in children. Review of 8 years' experience.

During the years 1968-75, 59 periods of peritoneal dialysis were performed on 44 children aged from 2 days to 17 years. The commonest complication was peritoneal infection, which affected 68% of those under 2 years and 30% of older children. This was satisfactorily treated in all but one case which was due to Candida albicans. The use of combined intramuscular and intraperitoneal gentamicin therapy is described. 2 patients died as a result of massive intraperitoneal haemorrhage and one had a nonfatal intestinal perforation. In experienced hands peritoneal dialysis is a convenient, effective, and reasonably safe way of treating acute renal failure; it is best performed in centres capable of handling complex metabolic problems and investigating and treating the underlying renal disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Abdominal manifestations in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus.

BACKGROUND: Childhood-onset lupus erythematosus is a rare disorder of unknown origin. OBJECTIVES: To describe the frequency of gastrointestinal manifestations at presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus SLE and at follow-up, and discuss the specific causes of these manifestations. METHODS: Medical records of 201 patients with childhood-onset SLE followed up in French paediatric nephrological, haematological and rheumatological centres were reviewed and abstracted for gastrointestinal manifestations. RESULTS: Gastrointestinal involvement was recorded in 39 (19%) children. The median (range) age at the time of initial gastrointestinal manifestations was 11.3 (4.5-16) years. Gastrointestinal symptoms were present at or occurred within 1 month after diagnosis in 32% patients. Abdominal pain was the most frequent symptom, present in 34 (87%) patients. It was mostly related to lupus involvement, especially ascites (n = 14) and pancreatitis (n = 12), more rarely to treatment-induced events (n = 1) or infection (n = 1) and never to events unrelated to SLE. Three children with surgical abdomen underwent a laparotomy before SLE was diagnosed, with a final diagnosis of lupus peritonitis and lupus acalculous cholecystitis. C reactive protein values were <40 mg/l in all but two patients who had surgical abdomen. Abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography scans were abnormal in 58% and 83% of the evaluated patients, respectively. Corticosteroids, associated with intravenous cyclophospamide in eight patients, led to complete remission of gastrointestinal involvement in 30 of 31 treated patients. CONCLUSION: Gastrointestinal involvement is common in children with SLE, and is mainly due to primary lupus involvement. Corticoidsteroid treatment should be promptly considered in children with lupus presenting with abdominal pain after infectious disease; side effects of treatment and intestinal perforation have been excluded.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1973

Colonoscopy.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1994

Distal biliary stricture as a complication of sclerosant injection for bleeding duodenal ulcer.

A patient undergoing repeated endoscopic injection therapy for important bleeding from a duodenal ulcer developed intestinal perforation followed by extrahepatic obstructive jaundice resulting from benign biliary stricture. It is proposed that these complications were a consequence of the use of ethanolamine oleate as part of the injection regimen and caution against the use of this material is needed, particularly as current clinical trials suggest that sclerosants offer no advantage over injection therapy with dilute adrenaline alone.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Cyclooxygenase 2-implications on maintenance of gastric mucosal integrity and ulcer healing: controversial issues and perspectives.

Cyclooxygenase (COX), the key enzyme for synthesis of prostaglandins, exists in two isoforms (COX-1 and COX-2). COX-1 is constitutively expressed in the gastrointestinal tract in large quantities and has been suggested to maintain mucosal integrity through continuous generation of prostaglandins. COX-2 is induced predominantly during inflammation. On this premise selective COX-2 inhibitors not affecting COX-1 in the gastrointestinal tract mucosa have been developed as gastrointestinal sparing anti-inflammatory drugs. They appear to be well tolerated by experimental animals and humans following acute and chronic (three or more months) administration. However, there is increasing evidence that COX-2 has a greater physiological role than merely mediating pain and inflammation. Thus gastric and intestinal lesions do not develop when COX-1 is inhibited but only when the activity of both COX-1 and COX-2 is suppressed. Selective COX-2 inhibitors delay the healing of experimental gastric ulcers to the same extent as non-COX-2 specific non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Moreover, when given chronically to experimental animals, they can activate experimental colitis and cause intestinal perforation. The direct involvement of COX-2 in ulcer healing has been supported by observations that expression of COX-2 mRNA and protein is upregulated at the ulcer margin in a temporal and spatial relation to enhanced epithelial cell proliferation and increased expression of growth factors. Moreover, there is increasing evidence that upregulation of COX-2 mRNA and protein occurs during exposure of the gastric mucosa to noxious agents or to ischaemia-reperfusion. These observations support the concept that COX-2 represents (in addition to COX-1) a further line of defence for the gastrointestinal mucosa necessary for maintenance of mucosal integrity and ulcer healing.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Manifestations of Crohn disease at US.

Crohn disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the intestines that is characterized by multiple episodes of exacerbation and remission. Although barium studies and endoscopy remain the most valuable tools for assessment of mucosal and luminal changes, sonography has proved to be a safe and noninvasive modality for characterization of mural and perienteric changes. Ultrasonography (US) can accurately demonstrate the classic features of Crohn disease as well as the complications frequently associated with the disease. The addition of color Doppler imaging may allow differentiation of chronic from active bowel wall thickening. In expert hands, US appears to be a sensitive modality for preliminary investigation of patients with symptomatic Crohn disease. US can also be used to assess the response to treatment and to detect postoperative recurrence. Finally, US enables accurate selection of patients in whom the possibility of surgery or percutaneous intervention would justify other means of investigation, particularly computed tomography.

Appendicitis↗
PubMed2000

Esophageal involvement in Wegener's granulomatosis: a case report and review of the literature.

Wegener's granulomatosis is characterized by a granulomatous arteritis involving the upper and lower respiratory tracts, progressive glomerulonephritis and systemic symptoms attributable to small vessel vasculitis. Although multisystemic manifestations are frequent, involvement of the gastrointestinal tract is uncommon. Cases have been reported of intestinal perforation, ulceration and hemorrhage. A patient whose initial presentation of Wegener's granulomatosis was odynophagia secondary to esophageal vasculitis is described. Endoscopy revealed multiple punched out ulcerations in the esophagus, which resolved with standard therapy for systemic Wegener's granulomatosis. There are only two previous reports of symptomatic esophageal vasculitis in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis. These reports illustrate the need to consider odynophagia as a reflection of disease activity as opposed to complications of immunosuppressive therapy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Etiology and prognosis of fetal ascites.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the prenatal course and outcomes of neonates with isolated fetal ascites. METHODS: A retrospective analysis (from 1990 through 2000) was performed on 26 consecutive cases presenting with fetal ascites. A systematic diagnostic protocol which included fetal blood sampling for karyotyping, serology and serial ultrasound examinations to determine etiology was followed in all cases after diagnosis. Pregnancy outcome was assessed by a chart report or autopsy reports. RESULTS: The majority of cases were associated with fetal malformations (n = 11). Five fetuses had malformations with associated syndromes. Less commonly associated were intrauterine infections (n = 3), intestinal perforation (n = 2), genetic disorders (n = 2), neoplasm (n = 1) and growth retardation (n = 1). In only 1 case (4%) was the etiology idiopathic. Secondary generalized hydrops occurred only in 4 of 26 cases. Only 13 of 16 liveborn infants survived past the neonatal period and only 4 cases are doing well at childhood age without any sequelae. CONCLUSION: A wide range of etiologies were associated with isolated fetal ascites. Those with malformations had the worst pregnancy outcome. Prenatal diagnosis was made in 92% utilizing a systematic diagnostic workup. The diagnosis of idiopathic ascites has become rare due to the improvement in prenatal diagnosis.

Ascites↗