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OBJECTIVE: We developed a method for automatically inserting a large number of images into a PowerPoint presentation document. CONCLUSION: We designed, tested, and now routinely use a simple macro program for importing all images contained in a single directory into a PowerPoint presentation. The complete text of the macro code is included in this article, and readers are encouraged to experiment with it.
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The effects of seat-back angle and accelerometer height at the seat-back on seat-back x-axis frequency-weighted root-mean-square (r.m.s.) acceleration have been investigated in field experiments. Experiment 1 investigated the range and variability, of frequency-weighted r.m.s. acceleration at the same measurement position, where the seat-back angle was 24 degrees from vertical on the floor and the accelerometer height was 38 cm up from the seat cushion surface. Experiment 2 investigated ranges of frequency-weighted r.m.s. acceleration between the reference position, which was the position used in experiment 1, and test positions at different seat-back angles, 4 degrees ahead of and 4 degrees behind the reference position. Experiment 3 investigated the range of frequency-weighted r.m.s. acceleration between the reference position which was the same as in experiments 1 and experiment 2, and test positions at different accelerometer heights at the seat-back from a seat cushion surface, 2.5 cm higher, 2.5 cm lower and 5 cm lower than the reference position. This investigation clarifies that different seat-back angles and accelerometer heights at the seat-back affect the frequency-weighted r.m.s. acceleration at these measurement positions, which is beyond the exposure values at which people are able to distinguish different vibration acceleration magnitudes.
Highly disparate research techniques have been employed to develop estimates of the extent of opiate use. Exclusive reliance upon public health and law enforcement statistics has been supplemented in recent years with data generated by survey research "incidence and prevalence" epidemiological methods. State agencies attempting to measure the extent of opiate use as a requirement for the receipt of federal categorical grant formula funds utilize multiple indicators: opiate treatment, arrest, incarceration, serum hepatitis, narcotics overdose death, and survey data. To address the question of undetected opiate use in a major southwestern city, the authors have undertaken a study measuring the extent of law enforcement recognition of the addictive status of a random sample of patients selected from the city's two municipally operated methadone treatment programs. The results indicate that over one-half of the sample was unknown to the police as addicts. Descriptive attributes of the unknown group were identified through appropriate statistical analyses. These findings are comparable to those of a similar study conducted in 1973 in a major eastern city.
From 1988 to 1992 160 children with clinically or pathologically proven Burkitt's lymphoma were seen and treated in Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital in Blantyre, Malawi. We present the epidemiologic features, the results of staging using ultrasonography, fine needle aspiration biopsy, and the different treatment regimens used. Lack of resources made it extremely difficult to provide the necessary high level of care for these children or to carry out a proper study in the management of this fascinating disease.
Computer-Assisted Orthopaedic Surgery (CAOS) has made much progress over the last 10 years. Navigation systems have been recognized as important tools that help surgeons, and various such systems have been developed. A disadvantage of these systems is that they use non-standard formalisms and techniques. As a result, there are no standard concepts for implant and tool management or data formats to store information for use in 3D planning and navigation. We addressed these limitations and developed a practical and generic solution that offers benefits for surgeons, implant manufacturers, and CAS application developers. We developed a virtual implant database containing geometrical as well as calibration information for orthopedic implants and instruments, with a focus on trauma. This database has been successfully tested for various applications in the client/server mode. The implant information is not static, however, because manufacturers periodically revise their implants, resulting in the deletion of some implants and the introduction of new ones. Tracking these continuous changes and keeping CAS systems up to date is a tedious task if done manually. This leads to additional costs for system development, and some errors are inevitably generated due to the huge amount of information that has to be processed. To ease management with respect to implant life cycle, we developed a tool to assist end-users (surgeons, hospitals, CAS system providers, and implant manufacturers) in managing their implants. Our system can be used for pre-operative planning and intra-operative navigation, and also for any surgical simulation involving orthopedic implants. Currently, this tool allows addition of new implants, modification of existing ones, deletion of obsolete implants, export of a given implant, and also creation of backups. Our implant management system has been successfully tested in the laboratory with very promising results. It makes it possible to fill the current gap that exists between the CAS system and implant manufacturers, hospitals, and surgeons.
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During the Great War, St. John Ambulance established a reserve of approximately 2,000 casually trained nursing volunteers as Voluntary Aid Detachment nurses, or VADs, who assisted in military hospitals at home and overseas. During the 1917 Halifax explosion, and the 1918 influenza epidemic, VADs provided substantial assistance to qualified medical and nursing personnel. This paper considers their record during these specific events, arguing that despite the potential for VADs to undermine the status and job security of qualified graduate nurses, they proved instead both a valuable asset and a positive influence for the future development of Canadian nursing.
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We offer the new software Codex, written in Visual Basic 3.0. It is a tool adequate in observational methodology. Its fundamental objective is to record motor and verbal behavior using the data types proposed by Bakeman and Quera (1995, 1996), together with the field formats proposed by Hall (1963), Weick (1968), Hutt and Hutt (1974), and Anguera (1979). It is designed to allow for data interchange between specific programs in use in observational methodology (SDIS-GSEQ, The Observer, and Theme) and other general programs (spread sheets, statistics applications, word processing programs, sound cards, etc.).
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