Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Duodenum”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,531 records · Page 85Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

The role of adrenergic receptors in the motility of duodenum and choledochoduodenal junction in the pig.

The role of adenergic receptors in the motility of duodenum and choledochoduodenal junction in the pig. Acta Physiol. Pol., 1977, 28 (6): 521-528. The choldeochoduodenal junction in the Vietnamese pig is functionally and anatomically a part of duodenal wall. In view of this, investigations were carried out for establishing the role of adrenergic receptors in the development of motor function of this part of the intestinal tract. The experiments were performed on domestic Vietnamese pigs (Sus scrofa domestica) and they showed that after stimulation of alpha and beta adrenergic receptors the motor activity of the duodenal muscular coat and the choledochoduodenal junction is inhibited. The obtained results suggest similar reactions of the adrenergic receptors in both examined parts of the intestinal tract in the pig.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

On the character of the electrical activity of the stomach, pyloric sphincter and duodenum of cats.

In cats with chronically implanted electrodes in the muscle wall of the gastro-intestinal tract, the electrical activity of the stomach (S) pyloric sphincter (PS) and duodenum (D) is characterized by cycles consisting of two phases: active--whereby 2 to 3 slow potential changes (SPC) are accompanied by spike potentials (SP) and a pause during which for 60-90 s only SPC are recorded. After bilateral transthoracic vagotomy there is a disruption of the cyclic character of the electrical activity in the investigated regions of the gastro-intestinal tract--SP from S and PS are recorded with each SPC. The active phase of the cycle from D is strongly prolonged at the expense of the shorter pause. This lasts for 1-2 days, after which there is a tendency towards shaping the cycles characteristic of the electrical activity of S, PS and D of cats. The pauses, however remain relatively short and the number of SP in the group is much greater. Gradually during the second month the character of the electrical activity of S, PS, and D approaches that prior to the vagotomy, but even until the 6th month after vagotomy the number of SP in the group is greater and the active phase of the cycle is longer. On the background of antagonists of the adrenoreceptors (propranolol--2 mg/kg and dihydroergotamine--300 micrograms/kg), the cyclic character of the electrical activity of S, PS and D is disturbed. The relatively rapid restoration of the cyclic character of cat S, PS and D after vagotomy is assumed to be the result of the organizing role of the intrinsic nervous system. The disturbance of the cyclic character after adrenoblockers demonstrates the significance of the balance between the cholinergic and adrenergic parts of the intrinsic nervous system for the realization of the cyclic character of the electrical activity of S, PS and D of cats.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

X-ray examination of endoscopy? A blind prospective study including barium meal, double contrast examiniation, and endoscopy of esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.

One hundred and one consecutive patients with upper abdominal dyspepsia were examined by conventional barium meal, double contrast examination, and endoscopy of the stomach and the duodenum in a blind prospective investigation. All the examiners were specially trained. Only small differences between the sensitivity and the specificity of the methods were found, but the clinical importance of the false positive and the false negative errors of the three methods of examination was not the same. The sensitivity of the ordinary X-ray examination was found to be sufficiently high for still recommending this method for primary screening. In case of posivite findings in the stomach, supplementary gastroscopy ought to be performed in order to increase the diagnostic specificity.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The effect of inhibitors of protein and RNA synthesis on 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-dependent calcium uptake in cultured embryonic chick duodenum.

To determine whether 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-dependent increases in intestinal calcium uptake require de novo protein and RNA synthesis, the effects of several inhibitors of these processes have been re-examined in vitro using cultured embryonic chick duodenum. To minimize the contributions of antibiotic toxicity to the interpretation of results, care was taken to examine inhibitor effects at early times after the onset of the 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 response. Cycloheximide at a concentration of 5 microM blocked hormone-dependent calcium uptake at all times examined (6 to 24 h). Actinomycin D was similarly effective at 6 to 12 h. The effects of cycloheximide were totally reversible while actinomycin D inhibition was only partially reversible. These compounds inhibited protein or RNA synthesis by 68.4 +/- 1.4 and 51.4 +/- 1.1%, respectively. Anisomycin, another inhibitor of polypeptide chain elongation and alpha-amanitin, an inhibitor of RNA polymerase I, also blocked 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-dependent calcium uptake after 12 h in culture. These results further strengthen the hypothesis that 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 stimulates intestinal calcium transport via a nuclear mechanism involving new gene expression.

Amanitins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of the vegetable oil taken up into the duodenum as a factor in pancreozymin liberation in healthy persons and in digestive organ diseases].

Investigations carried out in 14 healthy volunteers, 29 patients with chronic pancreatitis and 15 patients with chronic hepatitis showed that infusion into the duodenum of an optimally tolerable quantity (25 ml) of vegetable oil makes for a release of an amount of pancreozymin, which, by the criterion for stimulating secretion of pancreatic amylase, is equivalent to 0.5 Un/kg of pure preparation of pancreozymin and, as to the degree of stimulating the secretion of lipase and trypsin, it exceeds the effect of 0.5 Un/kg, but is less than that of 1.5 Un/kg of pure pancreozymin. These data should be taken into account in evaluating the ability of some alimentary fats to stimulate the release of endogenous pancreozymin.

Cholecystokinin↗
PubMed1983

Synthesis, molecular cloning, and restriction analysis of DNA complementary to vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein mRNA from rat duodenum.

The mRNA coding for rat intestinal calcium-binding protein, a vitamin D3-induced protein (Mr 7500), has been partially purified from growing rat duodenum. Double-stranded DNA synthesized from the purified mRNA preparation was inserted into the PstI site of pBR322, using the oligo(dG-dC) tailing procedure. Clones containing DNA complementary to vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein mRNA were selected by differential colony hybridization with [32P] cDNA synthesized from enriched or low vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein mRNA preparations. Plasmid DNAs from the selected clones were each verified by both a solution hybrid-arrest assay and a filter hybrid-selection assay. Four recombinant clones showed identical endonuclease restriction maps and contained inserts ranging from 250 to 380 base pairs.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Double-contrast examination. Part I: Oesophagus, stomach and duodenum.

The double-contrast upper gastrointestinal radiograph is an excellent modality for detailed evaluation of the oesophagus, stomach and duodenum. Through its use subtle inflammatory and neoplastic lesions can be diagnosed. It also provides a more detailed look at gross pathology than can be achieved with conventional studies alone. Despite the benefits of double-contrast the single-contrast phase of the study remains important and it is included in all cases. This combined study remains an important modality in the diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal disease.

Choristoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Decompression of the duodenum, using the extraperitoneal route, in upper digestive tract fistulas].

Over the last 20 years a total of 45 cases with digestive fistulae of various origins have been hospitalized in the Surgery Clinic of the "Caritas" Hospital. In this paper a group of 21 cases with gastro-duodenal and anastomotic fistulae are considered, for the solution of which re-interventions were necessary. The authors present a procedure for temporary decompression of the duodenum, according to an original technique. The method allows to recover the digestive segment involved by healing of the fistulae in satisfactory conditions. The technical simplicity of the procedure is stressed, as well as the possibilities for postoperative radiological control, the strictly extraperitoneal traject of the tube, all representing qualities which give the technique considerable credit.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Electrogenic transport of glucose in the normal upper duodenum. I. Technique and apparent transport constants.

We investigated the electrogenic transport of glucose in the upper part of the duodenum in 11 healthy subjects by means of simultaneous intestinal perfusion of test solutions and measurement of the corresponding potential differences between blood and the duodenal lumen. The technique entailed continuous perfusion and registration of potentials through one single lumen of the probe. The basal potential difference during infusion of 154 mM NaCl was -4.9 +/- 0.5 mV (mean +/- 1 SEM). This was not significantly different from the level obtained during infusion of a standard perfusate composed like plasma: -4.3 +/- 0.5 mV. Perfusion of iso-osmolar solutions containing increasing concentrations of glucose raised the transmucosal potential difference progressively. The relation followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics, from which the apparent transport constants were calculated: Kappm = 53 mM and Vappmax = 9.9 mV. By means of repeated experiments, we examined day-to-day changes of basal potentials and electrogenic glucose transport. No significant differences or systematic variations were found.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Synchronization of proliferating cells in the liver, gastric glands and duodenum].

Multiple injections (5-6 times) of hydroxyurea to hepatectomized rats lead to synchronization of 78% of proliferating cells in the regenerating liver. The amount of DNA-synthesizing cells of the foveolar epithelium of the pyloric glands of the gastric mucosa increases 2.7-fold, the proliferation in slowly renewing Brunner glands of the duodenum is dramatically activated.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Malignant carcinoid of the duodenum with polymorphism of the neuroendocrine granules].

In a man of 67, malignant multihormonal carcinoid of the duodenum 1 or 2 cm in size with deep penetration into the intestinal wall and multiple metastases into the lymph nodes became a cause of a secondary biliary liver cirrhosis and fatal intestinal haemorrhage. There was a difference between the cell population of a primary tumour in which D-cells dominated and EC-cells were also present and metastasis where a higher level of serotonin and its analogs was detected and where EC-cells dominated and ECL-cells were found as well. This observation confirms the opinion that the malignancy of carcinoid is determined by the degree of its invasiveness. Polymorphism of secretory granules in the cells of the same tumour supports the concept of the unique precursor of APUD-cells.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

The cast syndrome--vascular obstruction of the duodenum.

Vascular obstruction of the duodenum has been reported as a consequence of the application of a cast or the correction of a spinal curvature following severe burn or combat injuries and complicating treatment of a fractured femur with balanced traction. This syndrome rarly develops more than a week after the application of a cast. An unusual case is reported in which the onset was delayed, but progressed rapidly to a fatal outcome. The pathogenesis, clinical features and treatment of this condition are reviewed. A high index of suspicion in patients at risk is essential as early diagnosis and prompt treatment are imperative.

Casts, Surgical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Intestinal adaptive response of the rat after bilio-pancreatic and food diversion from the duodenum].

The object of the research was to evalute, in the rat, the effects brought about on the intestinal trophism by the selective and combined exclusion of the bile, the pancreatic secretion and the food exsert, certainly, a trophic activity on the intestinal mucous membrane where they pass trough, as it has been observed by other authors; but the modifications, observed on last segments of the ileum, do not explain a direct action of these factors to modulate the adaptative intestinal reaction. In the following essay we propose the hypothesis that the privation of biliary and pancreatic secretions and the food from the duodenum may stimulate a hormonal and duodenal reaction which is able to produced observed phenomena.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

HCO3- secretion and surface pH gradient in rat duodenum exposed to luminal acid.

A pH gradient is maintained at the surface of rat duodenum exposed to luminal acid. The alkalinity and thickness of this gradient are dependent on the rate of surface epithelial HCO3- secretion (transport into the lumen). Acidification of the luminal solution stimulates HCO3- secretion and enhances the alkalinity at the mucosal surface by a mechanism dependent on endogenous prostaglandin synthesis. This stimulated HCO3- secretion is quantitatively sufficient to maintain neutrality at the epithelial surface of the mucosa even in the presence of as high luminal acidity as pH 2.0, which is the maximal 'physiologic' acidity within human duodenal bulb. Exogenous prostaglandin E2 increases HCO3- secretion as well as the dimensions of the pH gradient, which may, in part, account for its cytoprotective actions in gastroduodenal mucosa. The findings suggest that epithelial HCO3- secretion in the duodenal mucosa has a protective function by forming an unstirred alkaline layer at the mucosal surface which impedes the diffusion of luminal acid into the mucosa.

Acetazolamide↗
PubMed1983

[Aorto-bi-iliac resection, of the 3rd part of the duodenum and the left colon, for recurrence of colonic cancer].

An aorto-bi-iliac resection was performed in a patient with recurrent cancer of the left colon. Implantation of a Dacron vascular prosthesis was combined with left iliac colostomy and resection of 3rd part of duodenum. Based on this case and a review of the literature, the possibility and value of resection of an invaded vascular axis is emphasized. The revascularization procedure, either by a prosthesis in situ or associated extra-anatomical by-pass, is discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Intraluminal pressure profiles and mucosal movements in the stomach and duodenum.

Records of a possible relationship between intraluminal pressure profiles and movements of the mucosal layer are not obtainable. A prospective study was initiated to investigate this aspect in the pyloric region of the stomach and in the duodenum. The results indicate that simultaneously with certain contraction waves of the walls, all mucosal folds within the confines of the contraction change in direction to become longitudinal, thus forming longitudinal intraluminal mucosal troughs. (It is presumed that these will enhance linear flow of semiliquid intestinal contents.) The phenomenon occurs regularly and is an inherent component of various contraction waves, including peristalsis. The definition of peristalsis should probably be expanded to include reference to this mucosal component. These normal findings may serve as a base line for the investigation of mucosal motility patterns in pathological situations, e.g. peptic ulcer.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Intraluminal diverticulum of the duodenum].

The intraluminal diverticulum of the duodenum is a rare disease. Up to now about 50 cases were described. The case in question is a saccate evagination of the duodenal mucous membrane near Vater's papilla. The diverticulum lies within the duodenal lumen and inside and outside it is coated by duodenal mucous membrane. The clinical symptomatology is unspecific. As a rule, the diagnosis is made roentgenologically by a gastrointestinal passage. In the present case the diverticulum contained gallstones and could be represented by an intravenous cholangiography. This was conditioned by the position of the papilla in the diverticulum.

Adult↗