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At least 1,531 records · Page 85Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Computer applications in dermatology.

Advances in computer technology both in hardwares and softwares has stimulated the proliferation of the use of computers in dermatology. The computers enable the voluminous medical literature and records to be compiled and accessed readily. Information technology enables dermatologists to conduct literature searches efficiently and helps in the management of patients. The information compiled in the computers as databases together with its capability to handle complex statistical analysis also enables dermatologists and computer scientists to develop expert systems to assist the dermatologist in the diagnosis and prognostication of diseases and to predict disease trends. Computers have also allowed dermatologists to assess visual images objectively, making it possible to study treatment response more accurately.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical experiences of interval treatment with dermatologic agents containing urea].

Topical vehicles containing urea are increasingly used in dermatology because of their favorable pharmacological properties, which are due to the following capacities of urea: (1) its beneficial influence on the structure and physiology of the skin, and (2) its therapeutic effect in combination with other topically active agents in various skin diseases, such as psoriasis, ichthyosis, and chronic eczema. Our own experiences presented here are in accordance with these statements.

Dermatologic Agents↗
PubMed1990

In vitro release studies of methyl salicylate from the ointment bases and the commercial dermatological products.

Methyl salicylate, a lipophilic liquid is one of the most commonly used analgesic, counterirritant and rubifacient ingredients in the commercially marketed over-the-counter dermatological products. And, since the effectiveness of the topically applied product depends on the release of the drug from such a dosage form, the present study was proposed to investigate the in vitro release of methyl salicylate from the typical ointment bases and several commercial products. Also, the effects of various additive ingredients on the drug release from these bases were evaluated. In general, the selected ointment bases gave superior in vitro drug release profiles compared to all commercial products included in this study. The addition of ethanol at 10% level in these ointment bases significantly enhanced the drug release from the selected formulations.

Chemistry, Pharmaceutical↗
PubMed1990

[Psychosomatic medicine in dermatologic education].

Ten years' experience in handling psychosomatic aspects as part of dermatology courses in Göttingen have revealed an unexpected need for such courses among students. Our program includes lectures as well as work in small groups.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1989

[Thermal sulfur compounds and esthetic dermatology].

Sulfur compounds are involved in a variety of ways in cosmetics and topical surface treatments. The criterium to be kept in mind is the natural skin-friendliness of sulfur (Comel) and the tangible possibility to influence the morphology and function of the skin by sulfur compounds. Thermal sulfur resources--above all fanghi and baregines--appear to have the appropriate properties for use in aesthetic dermatology. Further basic and clinical studies are needed in order to find scientific support for the indications and uses that are at present contemplated with good reason.

Balneology↗
PubMed1989

[The practical trend in exams in dermatology and venereology].

Three colored photo tests are given to a student at the examination in dermatology and venereology. Practical skills of the students are checked up at bedside. Such an examination is remarkable for its practical trend; it involves elements of diagnostic search and develops clinical thinking.

Dermatology↗
PubMed1989

[A statement on the mathematical tasks of optimization in dermatology].

The authors set forth the theoretical basis for the introduction of optimal management mathematical methods into clinical practice. Purely medical problems and those borderline with applied mathematics have been investigated. Recommendations on the choice of a purposeful functional system of differential equations describing physiological processes over the disease course, initial conditions, and restriction system are given. This helps plan the methods for and course of the clinical examinations and come closer to the creation of mathematical and program background for the problem of optimal management of dermatologic diseases treatment.

Arthritis, Psoriatic↗
PubMed1989

[Findings on dermatomycoses observed at the Dermatologic Clinic, University of Pavia. A third pathology caused by Trichophyton rubrum].

From 1974 to 1988 T. rubrum have been isolated in 304 cases (27.8% of dermatophytes) in the Department of Dermatology in Pavia and it is the second most frequent fungus after M. canis. Males are more frequently affected (61.1%) than females (38.9%). A single localization was found in 82.2% of the cases and two or more types of "Tineae" only in 17.8%. The age-group 31-40 is more frequently affected (29%). The most frequent dermatophytosis caused by T. rubrum was Tinea pedis (33.9%) while Tinea capitis resulted a very rare localization (2.1%). An increase of T. rubrum infections is noted particularly in the last years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The history of dermatology. On the 150th birthday of Heinrich Köbner].

Report on Heinrich Köbner's biography and his most important merits: foundation of dermatological clinics in Breslau (Wroclaw), Köbner-phenomenon of psoriasis, evidence of fungi in sycosis parasitaria and eczema marginatum, discovery of drug rash, introduction of chrysarobin for treatment of psoriasis, German first description of dominant simple epidermolysis bullosa.

Dermatology↗
PubMed1989

[Urea in dermatology II].

Publications from the last few years on urea in dermatology are discussed comprehensively as supplement to a review article which was published 10 years ago.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1989

An audit of wart treatment in a Scottish dermatology department.

We measured a dermatology department's workload from wart treatment in terms of time and numbers, and we studied the use made of routine treatments according to the site of the warts and the age of the patient. Twenty-one per cent of new referrals were for warts and 19% of clinic time was used for wart treatment, 9% of clinic time was for plantar warts alone and 29.5% of new patients failed to attend. Overall cryotherapy was the commonest treatment, particularly for warts on the hands and face, 73.2% of patients treated for hand warts defaulted from follow-up and 11.3% were referred back for further treatment. The implications of the results are discussed and we argue that hospital budget holders should fund community-based wart treatment facilities.

Dermatology↗
PubMed1989

The development of expertise in dermatology.

To examine the development of expertise in dermatology, accuracy of diagnosis and response times of subjects at five levels of expertise were assessed. A total of 100 slides, 2 typical and 3 atypical slides from each of 20 common skin disorders, were presented to six subjects at each of the following levels: second-year preclinical medical students, final year medical students, residents in family medicine, general practitioners, and dermatologists. Accuracy of diagnosis rose from 21% for medical students to 87% for dermatologists. Correct diagnosis was associated with a decrease in response time with expertise, whereas errors were associated with a dramatic increase in response time, and was slower than correct response times at all levels, suggesting that errors do not result predominantly from carelessness or speed. Typical slides accounted for a constant proportion of diagnostic errors at all higher levels of expertise, and experts continued to make a significant proportion of errors on slides shown to be relatively easy for residents. The results are shown to be at variance with any model that equates expertise with the mastery of complex rules, but they are consistent with models of expertise that propose that expertise is equated with a rapid "pattern-recognition" process, and errors result from unintended confusion with previous similar examples.

Dermatology↗
PubMed1987

[Moulages from the Würzburger University Dermatologic Clinic as an example of a German collection--historical development and didactic value].

Dermatological wax moulages were often used as clinical teaching models well into the 1930s. Their didactic possibilities and their historical development in the German-speaking area are described. The extensive collection of such moulages in Würzburg is currently being reviewed and is presented here as an example of a moulage collection typical for those formerly used in this country. Several moulages by wax modellers whose work is represented in the collection are illustrated in detail.

Dermatology↗
PubMed1986

The spectral emissions from ultraviolet radiation lamps used in dermatology.

The spectral power distributions from a wide variety of ultraviolet radiation lamps used for dermatological purposes have been measured using a high-quality spectroradiometer. The data presented here provide a comprehensive compilation of this fundamental (but often hard to come by) characteristic of ultraviolet lamps.

Dermatology↗