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At least 1,531 records · Page 85Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

[STD/AIDS-related practices and occupational risk factors in adolescent hotel workers in Puerto Vallarta, Mexico].

OBJECTIVE: To assess STI/AIDS risk behaviors and occupational risk factors among adolescent hotel workers in Puerto Vallarta. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Comparative cross-sectional study conducted in 1998, among 288 workers adolescents of 38 hotels in Puerto Vallarta, Mexico. Variables were collected on working conditions, environmental conditions, STI/AIDS risk behaviors, and sociodemographic characteristics. Statistical analysis consisted of descriptive and multivariate techniques: t test, OR, and logistic regression. RESULTS: Study subjects had a mean age of 17.7 years; 71.5% were males. Fifty-three percent had active sexual relations; 93.6% of them had one or more STI/AIDS risk behaviors. Inadequate condom use was found in 77.3%, and 41% drank alcoholic beverages before intercourse. Promiscuity was reported by 29.9%, and anal relations by 9.2%. Associated factors were: perception of a sexually-arousing environment (OR 2.36), alcohol drinking by peers (OR 2.52) and guests (OR 2.60) before sexual intercourse, hotel rules allowing tourist guests in hotel rooms (OR 4.46). Confounding variables were: male gender (OR 3.14), being married or in common law (OR 21.19), and being 18-19 years of age (OR 3.11). CONCLUSIONS: The high frequency of STI/AIDS risk behaviors among adolescent hotel workers is associated to specific environmental factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Adolescents' view on the use of condoms].

Seven out of ten of the adolescents included in the study had experienced unsafe sex with a new partner. Afterwards, 48% worried about STD and 31% worried about pregnancy. Teenagers calculate the risk of contracting STD from the looks and the reputation of a new partner. Young women and men agree, that both share responsibility for the use of condoms, but more often the young women initiate the use of condoms. Many participants found it more embarrassing to buy condoms than to use them. The participants hoped for improved education in schools and less expensive condoms. The adolescents possessed good knowledge concerning how to protect themselves, but changes in attitudes are needed. School and youth clinics play important roles in this process.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Fertility and fertility-related behavior among Mexican-American and non-Hispanic white female adolescents.

Ethnic differences in fertility-related behavior are examined in a community-based probability sample of 706 Mexican-American and 317 non-Hispanic white females aged 13 through 19 years. Mexican-Americans are more likely than whites to have had a live birth, but are no more likely to have been pregnant and are less likely to have had sexual intercourse. Sexually experienced Mexican-Americans, however, are twice as likely as whites to have been pregnant. Among those ever pregnant, Mexican-Americans are more likely to have had a live birth, while whites are more likely to have had an abortion. Ethnic differences remain strong when socioeconomic status and indicators of social instability are controlled statistically, lending more support to the "minority status" hypothesis than to the "characteristics" hypothesis concerning the fertility-related behavior of minority group members.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Race differences in teenage sexuality, pregnancy, and adolescent childbearing.

This article has examined the origin and consequences of racial differences in teen sexuality, pregnancy, and childbearing. Black/white differences in rates of early and out-of-wedlock childbearing have been declining in the past several decades though the incidence of nonmartial fertility among younger teens is still about five times as high for blacks as for whites. Early sexual behavior, irregular use of contraception, and a much lower probability of marrying prior to having a birth all contribute to the racial differential. Evidence suggests that both normative and socioeconomic differences may account for these demographic patterns. Black teens show markedly higher tolerance for childbearing before marriage. They also express much greater reservations about the viability of marriage, especially at an early age, than do whites. These views may affect their willingness to risk early pregnancy and initiate intercourse at an early age. Several types of interventions that might reduce black/white differences in teen childbearing were reviewed. The most promising of these involved simultaneously strengthening the community sanctions that discourage early parenthood while expanding social opportunities. Presently, poor, especially poor minority youth, may feel that they have little to lose by entering parenthood prematurely. Unless we are able to persuade these youth that they have a larger stake in the future, we are unlikely to see a dramatic decline in the incidence of early childbearing among blacks. This does not necessarily mean that racial differences are destined to persist. Increasingly, white youth are subject to many of the same conditions that have produced high rates of early and out-of-wedlock childbearing among blacks. Thus, racial differences may decline not because the situation of blacks is improving but because white youth are less willing to defer sexual activity or less able to marry when pregnancy occurs. This may at least change the perception of early childbearing as a "black" problem. Whatever else it is, teenage childbearing represents the inability of our society to manage the transition to adulthood effectively. This ineptitude appears to be, to a growing extent, colorblind.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1995

[Voluntary, controlled limited reproduction in humans--a conflict to modern evolutionary biology?].

In western industrialized countries it is widespread to limit individual reproduction voluntarily and deliberately. This phenomenon of minimizing reproduction conflicts with the maximization of biological fitness, expected on the basis of sociobiology. Some positions and attitudes of demography and sociobiology that appear to be contradictive are critically discussed, and with several examples it is expounded that we are dealing with misunderstanding rather than inconsistencies in many cases. The majority of misunderstandings can be put down to an inadequate differentiation between proximate and ultimate levels of causation. However, proximate interpretations of the problem of minimizing reproduction from a sociobiological perspective are frequently unsatisfactory. Therefore, the demographic model of "competing pleasures of life" (Konkurrenz der Genüsse) was connected with evolutionary biology. Combining demographic and biological aspects reveals that human striving for material and non-material values (pleasures of life), originally was highly adaptive and fitness-enhancing as behaviors to acquire resources and secure social status. Not until a society offered a variety of behavioral and consumer alternatives and simultaneously sophisticated methods of contraception these behavioral patterns dissociated from their function of survival and became independent.

Adult↗