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At least 1,531 records · Page 85Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Immunohistochemical study of osteopontin in the spinal cords of rats with clip compression injury.

Expression of osteopontin (OPN) was investigated in the spinal cords of rats with clip compression injury. Western blot analysis demonstrated that OPN protein increased significantly in the spinal cord during the early stages after injury. The increased expression of OPN was partially paralleled by that of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Immunohistochemical staining showed that OPN was expressed in proliferating activated microglia/macrophages in core lesions and in some astrocytes at the periphery of lesions. These results indicate that expression of OPN protein increases mainly in activated microglia/macrophages after spinal cord injury, suggesting that OPN is related to cell proliferation during the early stages after injury, probably leading to tissue remodeling.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Effect of methylene blue on middle cerebral artery flow velocity in a patient with severe sepsis following clipping of a cerebral aneurysm.

INTRODUCTION: The use of methylene blue, an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase, has been described in patients with septic shock who are unresponsive to inotropic agents. However, the effects of methylene blue on the human cerebral circulation are not known. METHODS AND RESULTS: This article presents a case report of a 58-year old-female with a clinical presentation compatible with severe sepsis and increasing inotropic requirements following clipping of a cerebral aneurysm. Administration of methylene blue (2 milligrams/kilograms) intravenously was undertaken with monitoring of mean arterial pressure and middle cerebral artery flow velocity (FVm). The effect of methylene blue on mean arterial pressure occurred quite rapidly after initiation of the infusion, allowing downward titration of norepinephrine. Initially, FVm increased in association with an increase in mean arterial pressure, reaching its highest value halfway through the infusion. Subsequently, FVm decreased to baseline by the end of the monitoring period. The rise in mean arterial pressure and increase in FVm were accompanied by a reductionin cerebral vascular resistance assuming intracranial pressure, and the diameter of the insonated vessel was unchanged during and immediately after infusion of methylene blue. CONCLUSION: Methylene blue did not appear to have a major untoward effect on cerebrovascular resistance in this patient. The limited characterization of cerebrovascular effects provided by this article mandates the need for careful monitoring of cerebrovascular behavior and adequacy during use of methylene blue.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed2004

Protease degradomics: mass spectrometry discovery of protease substrates and the CLIP-CHIP, a dedicated DNA microarray of all human proteases and inhibitors.

The biological role of most proteases in vivo is largely unknown. Therefore, to develop robust techniques to analyze the protease degradome in cells and tissues and to elucidate their substrate degradomes we have developed a dedicated and complete human protease and inhibitor microarray that we have called the CLIP-CHIP Oligonucleotides (70-mers) for identifying all 715 human proteases, inactive homologs and inhibitors were spotted in triplicate onto glass slides with a dedicated subarray containing oligonucleotides for specific human breast carcinoma genes. Initial analyses revealed the elevated expression of a number of proteases in invasive ductal cell carcinoma including ADAMTS17, carboxypeptidases A5 and M, tryptase-gamma and matriptase-2. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) showed a restricted expression pattern in both normal and cancerous breast tissues with most expressed at low levels. However, of the several MMPs expressed in significant quantities, the carcinoma samples showed only slightly elevated amounts other than for MMP-28 which was strongly elevated. To discover new protease substrates we developed a novel yeast two-hybrid approach we term 'inactive catalytic domain capture' (ICDC). Here, an inactive mutant protease catalytic domain lacking the propeptide was used as a yeast two hybrid bait to screen a human fibroblast cDNA library for interactor proteins as a substrate trap. Wnt-induced signaling protein-2 (WISP-2) was identified by ICDC and was biochemically confirmed as a new MMP substrate. In another approach we used isotope-coded affinity tag (ICAT) labeling with tandem mass spectrometry to quantitate the levels of secreted or shed extracellular proteins in MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cell cultures in the presence or absence of membrane type 1-MMP (MT1-MMP) overexpression. By this proteomic approach we identified and biochemically confirmed that IL-8, the serine protease inhibitor SLPI, the death receptor-6, pro-TNF-alpha and CTGF are novel substrates of MT1-MMP. The utility and quantitative nature of ICAT with MS/MS analysis as a new screen for protease substrate discovery based on detection of cleaved or shed substrate products should be readily adaptable to other classes of protease for assessing proteolytic function in a cellular context.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

Studies on thyroid activity in deoxycorticosterone-salt and Goldblatt two-kidney, one-clip hypertensive rats.

In this paper we studied the role of thyroid gland function in two experimental hypertension models with different pathophysiological mechanisms: deoxycorticosterone-salt (DOCA-salt, volume dependent) and Goldblatt 2-kidney, 1-clip (2K1C, renin dependent). DOCA-salt hypertensive rats showed lower T3 and T4 serum levels by the third week of induced hypertension. Goldblatt 2K1C hypertensive rats, however, exhibited normal values for both hormones. Treatment with thyroxine accelerated the evolution of hypertension and did not affect the PRA of DOCA-salt rats. Radiothyroidectomy inhibited DOCA-salt and Goldblatt 2K1C hypertension, and prevented the suppression of PRA in DOCA-salt rats, without altering PRA or serum aldosterone in Goldblatt 2K1C rats. These results suggest that: a) a thyroid depressing factor is not activated in Goldblatt 2K1C rats; b) thyroidectomy interferes with the suppressor effect of mineralocorticoid on renin secretion; and c) normal thyroid activity is required for the hypertensive effect of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in Goldblatt 2K1C rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Changes of plasma renin activity following intracerebroventricular administration of biologically active peptides in two-kidney, one clip hypertensive rats.

We studied the effects of intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of angiotensin II (ANG II), bradykinin (BK), leucine-enkephalin (Leu-ENK) and neurotensin (NT) on plasma renin activity (PRA), blood pressure and heart rate in acute (less than 4 weeks) and chronic (more than 12 weeks) two-kidney, one clip (2K-1C) hypertensive rats. These four peptides all produced pressor responses. The pressor responses caused by ICV injection of ANG II, BK, Leu-ENK and NT in hypertensive rats did not differ significantly from the response in normal rats. In both acute and chronic 2K-1C hypertensive rats, ANG II and BK significantly suppressed PRA, NT did not affect PRA, and Leu-ENK produced a significant increase in PRA followed by a significant decrease in PRA. As compared to normal rats, suppression of PRA by ANG II and NT was attenuated or abolished but BK and Leu-ENK produced significant reductions in PRA in 2K-1C hypertensive rats. The results indicate that the effects of these four centrally administered peptides on blood pressure, heart rate and PRA in acute and chronic 2K-1C hypertensive rats were not essentially different from those in normal rats.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1989

Neurotransmitter release and vascular responsiveness in mesenteric vasculatures from two-kidney, one-clip Goldblatt hypertensive rats.

In order to investigate the peripheral neuroeffector functions of renal hypertension, norepinephrine release from the sympathetic nerve endings and vascular responsiveness were evaluated in the mesenteric vasculatures from two-kidney, one-clip Goldblatt hypertensive rats (2K, 1C-HT). Norepinephrine release and pressor responses during periarterial nerve stimulation (40 V, 5 msec rectangular pulses for 1 min, 5, 10 and 15 Hz) were unchanged during the acute phase (3 weeks after surgery), and were rather reduced during the chronic phase (7-8 weeks after surgery) in 2K, 1C-HT compared to sham-operated normotensive control rats. By contrast, the vasoconstrictor responses to exogenously applied norepinephrine were significantly greater in 2K, 1C-HT than in the normotensive controls. From these observations, it seems unlikely that peripheral adrenergic function in the blood vessels plays an important role in the pathogenesis of 2K, 1C-HT. However, the increased sensitivity of vascular smooth muscle cells to norepinephrine may contribute to the maintenance of high blood pressure in the face of reduced vascular sympathetic tone in this form of hypertension.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

The relevance of a new generation of monobloc posts and impression copings for implant-supported fixed partial dentures: a 2-year clinical prospective study with the FM-Clip system on EVL implants (SERF).

The use of monobloc posts for implant-supported fixed partial dentures is interesting for biomechanical and biological reasons, but it suffers from a lack of precision during the impression phase. The use of a new generation of monobloc posts associated with individual impression copings with a piston offers a simple and efficient impression procedure for small and medium implant-supported fixed partial dentures. This article presents the FM-Clip system for EVL implants composed of new straight monobloc posts and small impression copings with a piston for precise impressions and easy production of implant-supported fixed partial dentures.

Dental Abutments↗
PubMed1991

Central depressor effects of amino acids in conscious normotensive and two-kidney, one-clip renovascular hypertensive rats.

The circulatory effects of intracisternal injections of amino acids were investigated in conscious normotensive control rats (NCR) and in two-kidney, one-clip renovascular hypertensive rats (RHR). Arterial pressure was measured with an indwelling catheter connected to a pressure transducer. Heart rate was counted from the arterial pulse. The intracisternal injection of glycine, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), taurine, serine, alanine, and sarcosine decreased blood pressure by an average of 16-30 mmHg in NCR and by an average of 32-55 mmHg in RHR. Both absolute and percent changes of depressor effects by GABA, taurine, serine, and alanine were larger in RHR than in NCR. All these amino acids also showed similar bradycardiac effects in both NCR and RHR, when compared in absolute values. The percent change of bradycardia induced by taurine and sarcosine was larger in RHR than in NCR. However, the degree of bradycardia by serine was larger in NCR than in RHR. These results suggest that serine, alanine, and sarcosine in addition to glycine, GABA, and taurine, play important roles in blood pressure control in conscious normotensive rats via central neural mechanisms and that the hypertension in renovascular hypertensive rats may involve a central abnormality.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1990

Postoperative luxury perfusion syndrome in patients with severe subarachnoid hemorrhage treated by early aneurysmal clipping.

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was measured in 90 patients who underwent early aneurysmal clipping after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Measurements were made by a noninvasive, two-dimensional method involving intravenous injection of 133Xe. Patients of Hunt and Hess grades I and II exhibited normal to slightly subnormal CBF, without significant changes, during the study period. Grades III-V patients had almost normal CBF in the early postoperative period, but their CBF gradually decreased, becoming significantly low after day 31. It is noteworthy that in grades IV and V patients, CBF was abnormally high in the acute stage, relative to their poor neurological condition; these patients were considered to have the "global luxury perfusion syndrome." The syndrome was not uncommon in patients with severe SAH. Possible causative or contributory factors are attempts to surgically reduce intracranial pressure, which leads to increased cerebral perfusion pressure, and concomitant global dysautoregulation. In patients with this syndrome, maneuvers intended to increase CBF should be avoided, as they may aggravate brain swelling or cause hemorrhagic events. Positron emission tomographic studies will provide more accurate and useful information concerning the management of SAH patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Ruptured cerebral aneurysm successfully clipped in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura after high-dose gamma-globulin therapy--case report.

A ruptured cerebral aneurysm in a 50-year-old female with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura was successfully clipped after preoperative high-dose gamma-globulin therapy to control the hemorrhagic diathesis. High-dose gamma-globulin therapy with or without steroid and/or platelet transfusion is recommended for such cases if the blood pressure can be controlled and the neurological condition permits delayed surgery.

Blood Loss, Surgical↗
PubMed2000

Direct clipping of a large basilar trunk aneurysm via the posterior petrosal (extended retrolabyrinthine presigmoid) approach--case report.

A 53-year-old female presented with an unruptured, large basilar trunk aneurysm manifesting only as headache with no neurological deficits, including absence of cranial nerve dysfunction. Cerebral angiography disclosed a large aneurysm with a wide neck arising from the midbasilar artery. We treated the aneurysm surgically via the posterior petrosal approach. Five angled clips were applied sequentially to the aneurysm and the basilar artery was successfully reconstructed. Electrophysiological monitoring was continued during the operation and showed no changes. Following the operation, the patient suffered from transient right abducens nerve palsy, which persisted for 3 months. Postoperative angiography showed that the aneurysm was obliterated, and the patency of the basilar artery was preserved.

Basilar Artery↗
PubMed2002

Successful clipping of a distal posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysm located on the anterior surface of the medulla oblongata--case report.

A 55-year-old male presented with a ruptured distal posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) aneurysm manifesting as subarachnoid hemorrhage. Angiography demonstrated a saccular aneurysm arising from the lateral medullary segment of the left PICA and located on the medial side of the left vertebral artery (VA) and the anterior surface of the medulla oblongata. A transcondylar fossa approach was used to ensure a sufficient operating field and to obtain adequate visualization of the aneurysm, the parent artery, and the perforating arteries to the medulla oblongata. The aneurysm dome protruded medially at the hairpin curve, and was located on the medial side of the left VA and on the anterior surface of the medulla oblongata. There was no vessel branches in the vicinity of the aneurysm. The aneurysm was successfully clipped with minimum retraction of the cerebellar hemisphere and medulla oblongata. Distal PICA aneurysms can be located at various sites in the posterior fossa. The exact location of the aneurysm must be established to select the best surgical approach.

Arteries↗
PubMed2005

Surgical clipping of a recurrent small saccular aneurysm after repeated coil embolization.

A 59-year-old healthy woman presented with sudden onset of severe headache. Computed tomography and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) demonstrated subarachnoid hemorrhage (grade I according to the Hunt and Hess classification) due to a ruptured small right posterior cerebral artery (PCA) aneurysm. The ruptured PCA aneurysm was completely embolized with three Guglielmi detachable coils (GDCs). However, follow-up DSA 3 months after the initial coiling confirmed refilling of the aneurysm. The aneurysm was successfully re-embolized with two GDCs. Follow-up DSA 10 months later revealed regrowth of the aneurysm. Surgical clipping was performed without compromising the parent vessels. Long-term angiographic follow up is necessary even in patients with small saccular aneurysms which are apparently completely embolized by endovascular coil treatment.

Cerebral Angiography↗
PubMed2006

Hyperperfusion syndrome after clipping of an unruptured aneurysm. Case report.

A 41-year-old man developed hyperperfusion 24 hours after undergoing successful clipping surgery for an unruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysm with temporary occlusion for 7 minutes. The patient exhibited motor aphasia 24 hours after surgery. Single photon emission computed tomography revealed hyperperfusion. The patient was sedated for 72 hours using propofol, and his symptoms gradually resolved. He returned to his previous job 2 months after surgery. Hyperperfusion syndrome is possible following any aneurysm surgery, including surgery for unruptured aneurysms using the temporary occlusion technique.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Video-assisted thoracoscopic clipping of patent ductus arteriosus: close to the gold standard and minimally invasive competitor of percutaneous techniques.

OBJECTIVE: To review our 12-year experience in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for patent ductus arteriosus. METHODS: VATS was performed in 743 patients. Three groups were compared: 24 low-birth-weight infants (LBWIs), 676 children between 2.5-25 kg and 43 boys > 25 kg. A diameter of > 8 mm was the main contraindication. For 85 consecutive patients, hospital stay underwent cost analysis. RESULTS: Median age was 1.6 years (range 5 days-33 years) and median weight 9.0 kg (range 1.2-65 kg). Mortality was nil. Median operative time was 20 min and hospital stay 2 days. Residual patency at discharge was 0% in LBWIs, 0.7% in children, and 4.7% in boys (P = NS) and 0, 0.3, and 4.7% at follow-up (P = 0.001). Persistent recurrent laryngeal nerve dysfunction was recorded in 4.2% of LBWIs, 0.3% of children and 0% of boys (P = 0.012). Total mean cost was Euro 5954 +/- 2110. CONCLUSIONS: The success rate of VATS clipping compares favorably with the thoracotomic approach but without chest wall trauma and it may have a very favorable cost-effective therapeutic balance compared to transcatheter techniques.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Influence of soybean hull supplementation on rumen fermentation and digestibility in steers consuming freshly clipped, endophyte-infected tall fescue.

Six steers (288.6 +/- 2.1 kg of BW) fitted with rumen and duodenal cannulas were used in a crossover design to evaluate intake, rumen fermentation, and site of nutrient digestion of freshly clipped, endophyte-infected (E+) Kentucky 31 tall fescue with or without soybean hull (SH) supplementation at 0.60% of BW (OM basis). Steers were placed in metabolism units within an environmentally controlled room and provided with free-choice access to fresh forage, water, and a vitamin/mineral supplement. The spring growth of E+ tall fescue was harvested daily during the experiment. Supplement was fed at 0700 with approximately 65% of the estimated daily forage. To maintain a fresh forage supply, additional forage was stored in a cooler and fed at 1900. Periods were 21 d with 14 d of adaptation and 7 d of digesta sample collection. Chromic oxide was used as a marker of duodenal digesta flow. Duodenal samples were taken 4 times daily with times shifting by 1 h each day to represent all 24 h of a day. Treatments were considered significant at P < 0.05. Supplementation of SH decreased forage OM intake from 1.64 to 1.41% of BW but increased total OM intake from 1.64 to 2.01% of BW. Apparent percentages (53.1%) and quantities (2,786 g/d) of rumen OM disappearance were not affected by supplementation. Percentages of total tract OM disappearance were not different (70.8%). Percentages of apparent rumen NDF disappearance also were not different (65.6%). Percentages of N disappearance were not different. Supplementation of SH resulted in increased total N (34.1 g/d) and microbial N (17.1 g/d) flowing to the duodenum. Rumen pH (6.5) was not affected, and rumen ammonia concentrations exhibited a time x treatment interaction in which SH decreased ammonia for 12 h after supplementation. Total VFA concentrations (103.9 mM) were unaffected. Liquid dilution rate (12.7%/h) and rumen OM fill (4.3 kg) were not different between treatments. Supplementation of SH at a rate of 0.60% of BW (OM basis) to calves consuming fresh E+ tall fescue decreased forage consumption but resulted in greater total intake, greater flow of N to the duodenum, and increased total tract OM disappearance.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1998

Endoscopic removal with clipping for colonic lipomas.

Endoscopic removal of colonic lipoma of 2 cm in size or more is not widely used because of the risk of complications which are a hemorrhage and a perforation associated with endoscopic resection. We report here safety endoscopic removal using a bipolar snare and clipping the mucosa of the defective region in three cases with large colonic lipoma. We consider that this technique enhanced the safety of the endoscopic procedure.

Aged↗