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At least 1,513 records · Page 84Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

[An improved back-projection algorithm of dynamic electrical impedance tomography].

In this paper, an improved back-projection algorithm of dynamic electrical impedance tomography (EIT) was described. The improved back-projection algorithm modified the computing method of back-projection matrix B. Dynamic reconstruction image was obtained by the improved algorithm, and it was compared to the image obtained by the traditional method of equi-potential back-projection. The results showed that the improved algorithm of equi-potential back-projection could locate the object's position in the field with higher precision, and its speed was very fast. It also could improve the resolution of the reconstructed image in some extent.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2005

Wireless capsule endoscopy in the diagnostic of small intestine angiodysplasia in chronic uremic patient.

Gastroenteric bleeding due to angiodysplasia (AD) is a relatively common occurrence in patients with end-stage renal failure. Gastric and colon angiodysplasic lesions can be easily revealed by endoscopic procedures, whereas lesions of the small intestine are more difficult to detect. Imaging modalities used in the diagnostic imaging algorithm for the detection of small-bowel AD, include non-invasive methods like enema-helical computer tomography,(99m)Tc-labelled red blood cell scintigraphy, and angiography, and invasive methods such as intraoperative enteroscopy. We report the cases of 3 hemodialysis patients with recurrent episodes of gastrointestinal bleeding, caused by small-bowel AD diagnosed by means of wireless-capsule endoscopy. In all cases, previous gastroscopy and colonoscopy were unrevealing. Wireless-capsule endoscopy consists in swallowing a capsule endoscope (11 mmx27 mm) which contains a miniature video camera, a light source, batteries, and a radio transmitter. Video images are transmitted by means of radio telemetry to aerials taped to the body that allow images to be captured. Moving images from a period as long as 6 h are stored on a portable recorder. Wireless-capsule endoscopy may prove valuable in the assessment of gastrointestinal bleeding in uremic patients with unrevealing results at gastroscopy and colonoscopy.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Suggestions for diagnosing avascular necrosis of the hip in the 1990s.

Avascular necrosis of the hip is a serious clinical problem encountered by primary care physicians. It requires early detection for proper management and treatment. The clinician should be aware of the imaging modalities available for evaluation of patients with suspected avascular necrosis. Traditional studies include plain-film radiography, computed tomography, and planar bone scintigraphy. Magnetic resonance imaging and single-photon emission computed tomography bone scanning have been developed to such an extent that they are now the most sensitive indicators of early avascular necrosis. The authors review currently available imaging modalities and provide a practical approach to the assessment of patients with suspected avascular necrosis of the hip.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2005

[Advances in medical image registration based on mutual information].

The matching algorithm based on mutual information, which has the advantages of high speed, good automation and superion accuracy, is widely used in medical image registration. In this paper are presented the basic conception of mutual information, the transform model, the insert value algorithm, the optimization algorithm and the strategy in computing mutual information. Furthermore, we introduce some efficient methods for solving the problems in registration technique based on mutual information, and look forward to the future research work.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2006

Semi-automatic segmentation and tracking of CVH data.

Construction of speed function is crucial in applying level set method for medical image segmentation. We present a unified approach for segmenting and tracking of the high-resolution Chinese Visible Human (CVH) data. The underlying link of these two parts relies on the proposed variational framework for the speed function. Our proposed method can be applied to segmenting the first slice of the volume data, in the first step; It can also be adapted to track the boundaries of the homogeneous organs in the following serial images. In addition to promising segmentation results, the tracking procedure shows the advantage of less amount of user intervention.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2006

Medical image registration algorithms assesment: Bronze Standard application enactment on grids using the MOTEUR workflow engine.

Medical image registration is pre-processing needed for many medical image analysis procedures. A very large number of registration algorithms are available today, but their performance is often not known and very difficult to assess due to the lack of gold standard. The Bronze Standard algorithm is a very data and compute intensive statistical approach for quantifying registration algorithms accuracy. In this paper, we describe the Bronze Standard application and we discuss the need for grids to tackle such computations on medical image databases. We demonstrate MOTEUR, a service-based workflow engine optimized for dealing with data intensive applications. MOTEUR eases the enactment of the Bronze Standard and similar applications on the EGEE production grid infrastructure. It is a generic workflow engine, based on current standards and freely available, that can be used to instrument legacy application code at low cost.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1992

Automated prescreening of conventionally prepared cervical smears: a feasibility study.

The feasibility of an automated screening device that will analyze conventionally prepared cervical smears was examined. Consecutive normal and abnormal cervical smears were selected retrospectively and analyzed on a customized microscope imaging workstation system. Specialized image processing, feature extraction, and object classification algorithms were integrated on the imaging workstation to provide an Analysis Score for each slide analyzed. A threshold was set for the Analysis Score, and all slides with a score less than the threshold were classified as normal. Examination of the distribution of the Analysis Score for normal and abnormal cervical smears provided an estimate that 50% of all slides will be sorted as normal, and consequently need no cytologist review. With the Analysis Score threshold set for a 50% sort rate, zero false-negative slides were found in this slide set. This study has shown that a large percentage of slides can be correctly classified as normal while maintaining a high sensitivity to abnormal slides. Given the current workload problems in cytology laboratories, reducing the screening workload by one half will be beneficial. This study has shown that it is now feasible with current technology to provide a clinically useful device to automate screening of conventional cervical smears.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1992

Imaging for deep venous thrombosis.

The diagnosis of DVT is a perplexing clinical challenge for the emergency physician. The algorithm depicted in Figure 9 from Hobson et al represents a logical strategy for the application of noninvasive studies. Positive studies in the proper setting that are reliably interpreted can dictate anticoagulant therapy, but equivocal or uninterpretable tests must be followed by invasive testing to exclude clot. Negative tests require close follow-up and serial evaluation to detect potentially silent early clot formation.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1991

An automatic indexing method for medical documents.

This paper describes MetaIndex, an automatic indexing program that creates symbolic representations of documents for the purpose of document retrieval. MetaIndex uses a simple transition network parser to recognize a language that is derived from the set of main concepts in the Unified Medical Language System Metathesaurus (Meta-1). MetaIndex uses a hierarchy of medical concepts, also derived from Meta-1, to represent the content of documents. The goal of this approach is to improve document retrieval performance by better representation of documents. An evaluation method is described, and the performance of MetaIndex on the task of indexing the Slice of Life medical image collection is reported.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1991

Coherent image shape description via the intensity axis of symmetry.

Calculating the IAS for a grey-scale image has been accomplished by computing the SAs for each level curve in the image simultaneously using the active surface model and the image symmetry function. Linking quench mates on the active surface provides an effective method to partition an active surface into the individual axis sheets which comprise the IAS. Because the image regions associated with individual axis sheets often correspond to sensible image structures, the IAS can be used for shape-based image segmentation.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1991

Measurement of left ventricular wall motion from contour shape deformation.

This paper has presented the formulation and initial results for a new algorithm aimed at estimating and quantifying the trajectories of points on the left ventricular wall of the heart based on two- dimensional image-derived shape information. The algorithm is based on first automatically estimating the LV contour for two frames and then sampling the contours and tracking the motion of each sample point. Work is currently in progress to evaluate and compare each of three shape-based matching criteria, and to extend the algorithm to multiple frames. Future work will extend the approach to three spatial dimensions, capitalizing on the idea that all of the basic concepts, including curvature measurement, can be readily adapted for the higher dimensional problem.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1990

[Approach in metastasis with unknown primary tumor].

Metastases of an occult primary malignancy are quite common (5-10%), especially in lymph nodes, lung and bone. The search for the unknown primary is an intellectual challenge. Thorough history, meticulous physical examination, and economically and carefully directed additional investigations are the best methods of detecting a treatable malignancy. Even extensive standardized work-up, using all available laboratory and imaging techniques, may miss the primary tumor quite often and unnecessarily burden patients with poor prognosis. Prognostically and therapeutically distinct subgroups must be treated differently.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1989

From living being to medical image--bridging the dimensionality gap.

The human body is viewed, in the context of medical imaging, as a multiplicity of three-dimensional time-varying images, coinciding in time and space. Medical imaging modalities that are well established, or are undergoing clinical trials, or are at the tentative proposal stage, are tabulated. Also listed are the types of radiation and other physical processes employed to gather the image data, the physical parameters which can be imaged, and the physiological attributes represented by these parameters. Image reconstruction algorithms are reviewed and possible improvements are assessed. The processing of multidimensional information is emphasised as of primary concern for future progress in medical imaging. Such processing is seen to be developing along two converging paths: the processing of information from coincident images of different parameter distributions, and the processing of time-sequential images of a single parameter distribution. The images referred to have three spatial dimensions, implying that a challenge for future medical imaging systems is conjectured to be the efficient distillation of useful information (which must include the most effective means of image display) from multiple sets of time-varying volume data. Medical diagnosis can always profit from improved interpretation of information provided by the multifarious types of radiation and other physical processes which are employed in established and tentative medical imaging techniques. There is a premium on parameter sets that provide independent information and on processes, such as magnetic fields, ultrasound, and low frequency electric currents, which are free of the stigma associated with ionising radiations. Promising avenues of exploration are identified.

Algorithms↗