Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Triglycerides”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,513 records · Page 84Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Antioxidant and triglyceride-lowering effects of vitamin E associated with the prevention of abnormalities in the reactivity and morphology of aorta from streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Antioxidants in Diabetes-Induced Complications (ADIC) Study Group.

In this study, we evaluated the effects of vitamin E on the vascular reactivity and structure of thoracic aorta from streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats. Plasma glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride concentrations in rats were increased markedly by STZ-diabetes. The thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reactivity level as an index of lipid peroxidation was higher in both plasma and aorta of STZ-diabetic rats compared with controls. The rings of thoracic aorta with or without endothelium were mounted in organ chambers for measurement of isometric tension and were contracted by a single dose (10-5 mol/L) and then cumulative doses of noradrenaline ([NA] 10(-9) to 10(-5) mol/L). Pretreatment with methylene blue (MB) or removal of the endothelium resulted in a similar degree of enhancement in NA-induced contraction of control rings. STZ-diabetes increased the fast and slow components of NA-induced contraction in all experiments. The maximal contractile response of aorta to NA was also augmented by STZ-diabetes, whereas the sensitivity (pD2) remained unaltered. STZ-diabetes resulted in significant increases in the maximum contractile response and sensitivity of aorta to KCl. STZ-diabetic rats showed a significant reduction in the percentage of endothelial response (PER). A group of diabetic rats was treated from the time of diabetes induction with a 0.5% dietary supplement of vitamin E. Vitamin E supplementation of STZ-diabetic rats eliminated accumulation of lipid peroxides and returned plasma triglycerides toward normal levels. Diabetes-induced abnormal contractility and endothelial dysfunction were significantly but not completely prevented by vitamin E treatment. The endothelium-independent relaxation response to sodium nitroprusside (SNP) was not affected by diabetes or vitamin E treatment. Electron microscopic examination of thoracic aorta revealed that normal tissue organization was disrupted in STZ-diabetic rats, and that vitamin E treatment can protect the morphological integrity of aorta against STZ-diabetes. The results suggest the following: (1) The increased triglycerides/lipid peroxides may be an important reason for morphological or functional disruption of endothelium and enhanced activation of contractile mechanisms of vascular smooth muscle in STZ-diabetic rats. Both contribute to an increased responsiveness of diabetic aorta to vasoconstrictor agents. (2) Vitamin E treatment of STZ-diabetic rats can prevent the development of abnormal contractility and structure and endothelial dysfunction in aorta. (3) The triglyceride- and/or lipid peroxidation-lowering effect of vitamin E may be crucial for the protective effect of this vitamin on the vasculature.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Relation between serum triglyceride level, serum urate concentration, and fractional urate excretion.

The relations between serum urate levels and age, serum cholesterol, creatinine, glucose, and triglyceride concentrations were studied in 930 men and 298 premenopausal and 478 postmenopausal women, taking into account the renal handling of uric acid. All subjects were outpatients, and statistical evaluation was performed on cases corresponding to the central 95th percentile of the biochemical variables measured. An alternative analysis excluding subjects with serum glucose or creatinine levels outside the normal range was also performed. In men, premenopausal and postmenopausal women, and their normoglycemic normocreatininemic subsets, serum triglyceride level was positively correlated with serum urate concentration and inversely correlated with fractional urate excretion in both simple and multiple linear regression analysis. In men and postmenopausal women, there was also a strong positive independent association between serum urate and creatinine levels. This association was significant also in the normoglycemic normocreatininemic subset of men, but it was insignificant in normoglycemic normocreatininemic postmenopausal women. In this large cross-sectional study, a negative correlation between serum triglyceride concentration and renal uric acid excretion has been demonstrated.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Combined hyperlipidemia is associated with increased exercise-induced muscle protein release which is improved by triglyceride-lowering intervention.

Although myopathy is considered an adverse effect of treatment with 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors and fibrates in combined hyperlipidemia, the present study was performed to investigate whether combined hyperlipidemia itself is associated with skeletal muscle pathology and whether lipid-lowering intervention has beneficial effects. To investigate whether combined hyperlipidemia is associated with skeletal muscle pathology, 10 male patients and 15 normolipidemic controls underwent a 45-minute standardized bicycle ergometer test at a load of 2 W/kg lean body mass (parallel study). One- and 8-hour postexercise increments in the plasma level of the muscle proteins creatine kinase (CK), myoglobin (Mb), and fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) were assessed as parameters for (subclinical) skeletal muscle pathology. The 8-hour postexercise increments in CK and Mb and 1-hour postexercise increment in Mb were significantly higher in patients than in controls, thus indicating increased exercise-induced muscle membrane permeability in combined hyperlipidemia. To investigate the effects of lipid-lowering intervention on skeletal muscle in combined hyperlipidemia, 21 subjects with combined hyperlipidemia were randomized double-blindly to receive 6 weeks of treatment with fluvastatin 40 mg/d, gemfibrozil 600 mg twice daily, or combination therapy. All subjects underwent an ergometer test before and after treatment. Gemfibrozil treatment alone reduced the CK increments 8 hours postexercise by 47% and the FABP increments 1 and 8 hours postexercise by 83% and 101%, respectively (all P < .05). Combined treatment reduced Mb increments 1 hour postexercise by 54% and FABP increments 8 hours postexercise by 44% (all P < .05). A highly significant correlation existed between therapy-induced changes in plasma triglycerides and changes in postexercise increments of FABP and Mb. In conclusion, combined hyperlipidemia is associated with an increased exercise-induced release of muscle proteins, which is ameliorated by triglyceride-lowering intervention. As FABP is an indicator for ischemia-induced skeletal muscle pathology, a possible explanation is the impaired muscle blood flow during hypertriglyceridemia, which may be reversed by triglyceride-lowering intervention. The mechanism and clinical relevance of these findings remain to be investigated.

Double-Blind Method↗
PubMed2003

Fasting plasma triglyceride levels and fat oxidation predict dietary obesity in rats.

We investigated whether fuel metabolism prior to high-fat feeding differs in outbred Sprague-Dawley rats either prone or resistant to diet-induced obesity. Chow-fed rats were deprived of food, and blood was collected 12, 18, and 24 h later. Rats were then fed a high-fat diet ad libitum for up to 4 weeks to assess weight gain. Blood samples were analyzed for a variety of metabolic fuels and hormones. Only fasting plasma triglyceride concentrations showed a positive correlation with the weight gain during the high-fat feeding period, with concentrations after 18 h of fasting showing the most consistent relationship to weight gain. Body weights and fat pad weights did not correlate with fasting plasma triglyceride concentrations before high-fat feeding. The amount of 14CO(2) recovered from gavaged [14C]palmitic acid in chow-fed rats negatively correlated with weight gain during the subsequent period of high-fat feeding. These results show that there are preexisting differences in fat catabolism that may underlie differential susceptibility to diet-induced obesity; in particular, fasting levels of plasma triglycerides and fatty acid oxidation may be early predictive markers for this susceptibility.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1977

Dry weight, triglycerides content and glucose-6-phosphatase activity of hepatocytes separated by sedimentation.

1) Isolated rat-hepatocytes were subfractionated by isopycnic or velocity sedimentation, and dry mass, triglycerides content and Glucose-6-Phosphatase activity of different subpopulations were determined. 2) Distribution of the cell dry masses and dry mass per average cell were substantially similar in all the fractions separated by isopycnic sedimentation. Velocity sedimentation allowed a satisfactory separation of cells of different dry mass. 3) Triglycerides content and Glucose-6-Phosphatase activity of cells of the different fractions obtained by isopycnic sedimentation showed no statistically significant difference. Subpopulations fractionated by velocity sedimentation differed in both triglycerides content and Glucose-6-Phosphatase activity, which were substantially parallel to the cell dry mass.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol or triglycerides--which is the culprit?

Dyslipidaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes commonly consists of elevated triglyceride levels; normal or slightly elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol levels with a preponderance of small, dense LDL particles; and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels with a preponderance of small, dense HDL. These abnormalities are closely connected, with prolonged residence of high levels of triglyceride-rich particles in the circulation favoring abnormalities in LDL and HDL. Each of these factors has been associated with endothelial dysfunction; each contributes directly or indirectly to atheroma formation, with small, dense LDL and triglyceride-rich remnants increasing deposition of cholesteryl ester in vessel walls. This process is facilitated by reduced reverse cholesterol transport in association with low levels of HDL-cholesterol and abnormal HDL. Lipid-lowering therapy focused on LDL-cholesterol reduction is highly successful in preventing coronary disease in diabetic patients. Additional strategies for treating the cluster of risk factors in dyslipidaemia are necessary to further reduce atherosclerotic disease in this population.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed2000

Review of the toxicologic properties of medium-chain triglycerides.

Medium chain triglycerides (MCTs) are a family of triglycerides, containing predominantly, caprylic (C(8)) and capric (C(10)) fatty acids with lesser amounts of caproic (C(6)) and lauric (C(12)) fatty acids. MCTs are widely used for parenteral nutrition in individuals requiring supplemental nutrition and are being more widely used in foods, drugs and cosmetics. MCTs are essentially non-toxic in acute toxicity tests conducted in several species of animals. In ocular and dermal irritation testing MCTs exhibit virtually no potential as ocular or dermal irritants, even with prolonged eye or skin exposure. MCTs exhibit no capacity for induction of hypersensitivity. Ninety-day toxicity tests did not result in notable toxicity, whether the product was administered in the diet up to 9375mg/kg body weight/day or by intramuscular (im) injection (up to 0. 5ml/kg/day, rabbits). There was no evidence that intravenous (iv) or dietary administration of MCTs adversely affected the reproductive performance of rats or resulted in maternal toxicity, foetal toxicity or teratogenic effects at doses up to 4.28g/kg body weight/day (iv) or 12,500mg/kg body weight/day (dietary). There was no evidence that dietary administration of MCTs adversely affected the reproductive performance of pigs or resulted in maternal toxicity, foetal toxicity or teratogenic effects at doses up to 4000mg/kg body weight/day in the diet. In rabbits, following iv administration, the maternal and foetal no-observed-adverse-effect levels (NOAELs) were between 1.0 and 4.28g/kg body weight/ day. A 2-year study in rats, conducted with a closely related compound (tricaprylin, a triglyceride with C(8) fatty acids), provided no evidence of a carcinogenic effect when the material was administered by oral gavage at levels up to 10ml/kg (9.54g/kg) per day. Although tricaprylin was found to be positive in one of five strains of Salmonella typhimurium in the presence of metabolic activation in an Ames mutagenicity assay, the results of the carcinogenicity test with tricaprylin and mutagenicity tests with caprylic acid indicate that MCTs do not have the potential to be carcinogenic or mutagenic. The safety of human dietary consumption of MCTs, up to levels of 1g/kg, has been confirmed in several clinical trials.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of fibrates and thiazolidinediones on plasma triglyceride metabolism are mediated by distinct peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs).

The hypolipidemic fibrates and antidiabetic thiazolidinediones display potent triglyceride-lowering activities. Studies on the molecular action mechanisms of these compounds indicate that thiazolidinediones and fibrates exert their action by activating distinct transcription factors of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) family, resulting in increased expression of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and decreased expression of apolipoprotein (apo) C-III, both key-players in plasma triglyceride metabolism. Fibrates, on the one hand, are PPAR alpha activators, which selectively induce LPL mRNA levels and activity in the liver. Furthermore, hepatic apo C-III mRNA levels and protein production strongly decrease after fibrate treatment. On the other hand, thiazolidinediones, which are high affinity ligands for PPAR gamma, have no effect in the liver, but act primarily on adipose tissue, where they induce LPL mRNA levels and activity. The modulation of the expression of the LPL and apo C-III genes in liver and adipose tissue is correlated with the tissue-specific distribution of the respective PPARs (PPAR gamma expression being restricted to adipose tissue, whereas PPAR alpha is expressed predominantly in liver) confirming that fibrates and thiazolidinediones exert their effects primarily through PPAR alpha and PPAR gamma respectively. This distinct tissue-specific transcriptional regulation of genes involved in lipid metabolism by fibrates and thiazolidinediones indicates that research of compounds displaying combined PPAR alpha and PPAR gamma activation potential should lead to the discovery of more potent triglyceride-lowering drugs, which may be of use in the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1997

Effect of chemical stimulation of the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus on blood plasma glucose, triglycerides and free fatty acids in rats.

The effects of chemical stimulation of the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus (DMH) on blood plasma concentration of glucose, triglycerides, insulin, and free fatty acids (FFA) were investigated in anesthetized adult Wistar rats. Microinjection of 12.5 nmol of norepinephrine into the DMH increased blood plasma concentration of glucose and FFA, decreased triglycerides, and did not change plasma insulin within 5 min; after 20 min, blood glucose and FFA reached control values. Microinjection of epinephrine (12.5 nmol) into the DMH also increased blood plasma glucose concentration and decreased triglycerides after 5 min. These effects are probably mediated by beta-adrenergic mechanisms, because they were prevented by beta-adrenergic antagonist propranolol, but not by alpha-adrenergic antagonist prazosin. Microinjection into the DMH of glutamate, dopamine, or acetylcholine failed to cause any change in those metabolic parameters, corroborating the hypothesis that the DMH is part of a beta-adrenergic pathway involved in short-term modulation of the availability of glucose and FFA.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the serum of muricidal male Wistar rats: indices of mitochondrial benzodiazepine receptors?

Cholesterol and triglyceride levels were studied in the serum of aggressive muricidal and non-muricidal male Wistar rats. The muricidal behavior was either spontaneous or induced by a long-term isolation or by adrenalectomy. Cholesterol levels were slightly higher in the whole population of muricidal rats; this was mainly observed in spontaneously and in adrenalectomized muricidal rats, as compared to non-muricidal rats of the same series. As regards triglyceride levels, they were significantly higher in the whole population of muricidal rats, mainly in isolation- and adrenalectomy-induced muricidal rats; the ratio of triglycerides to body weight was higher in the serum of muricidal rats of all series. The possible significance of these results is discussed in light of the data of the literature and related to the functional role of either mitochondrial benzodiazepine receptors or serotonin.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed2002

The influence of medium-chain triglycerides on the stability of all-in-one formulations.

When mixed with parenteral nutrients as an all-in-one admixture, previous data have demonstrated that lipid emulsions composed of medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) and long-chain triglycerides (LCTs) yield more stable formulations compared with those compounded with pure LCT lipid emulsions. We investigated the physical stability of various preparations of intravenous lipid emulsions as all-in-one admixtures. Each final lipid emulsion used to compound the all-in-one formulation was a 20% w/v mixture containing MCTs and LCTs as either a single emulsion containing both triglycerides, or an emulsion made extemporaneously from separate starting emulsions of pure MCT and LCT. The first emulsion was composed of a 50:50 (by weight) physical mixture of MCTs and LCTs, and consisted of 50% MCT:40% omega-6 LCT (soybean oil):10% omega-3 LCT (fish oil) that was available as a single 20% w/v lipid emulsion. The second and third emulsions were specially prepared from separate stock dispersions containing pure 20% w/v MCT and pure 20% w/v LCT (soybean oil) lipid emulsions, and were made in volume ratios of 75% MCT:25% omega-6 LCT and 50% MCT:50% omega-6 LCT, respectively. This was done in order to investigate whether the method of emulsion preparation and/or ratio of MCT to LCT influenced all-in-one admixture stability. Each all-in-one admixture was studied at four intervals over 30 h at room temperature conditions by light extinction (or obscuration) using a single-particle optical sensing (LE/SPOS) technique. The data, performed in duplicate at each interval, is expressed as the volume-weighted percent of fat (PFAT) globules >5 microm. The results confirm the stabilizing effects of MCTs when made as a physical oil mixture as a single lipid emulsion. However, stabilization is lost if the MCT and LCT emulsions are mixed from separate starting emulsions and then compounded as an all-in-one formulation. The extemporaneous mixing of commercial lipid emulsions is not recommended.

Drug Combinations↗
PubMed2001

Characterisation and quantification of medium chain and long chain triglycerides and their in vitro digestion products, by HPTLC coupled with in situ densitometric analysis.

The development of new and simple high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) assays for the quantification of medium chain triglycerides (MCT, tricaprylin) and long chain triglycerides (LCT, triolein) and their lipolytic products, bile salts (BS) and phospholipids (PL) are described. Different classes of lipids (PL, BS, fatty acids, monoglycerides, diglycerides, and triglycerides) were separated on a single silica gel 60 HPTLC plate by Automated Multiple Development (AMD) methods using a Camag AMD 2. Post-chromatographic staining of long chain lipids (triolein, diolein, monoolein, and oleic acid), PL and BS with a solution of copper sulphate-phosphoric acid and medium chain lipids (tricaprylin, dicaprylin, monocaprylin, and caprylic acid) with a solution of ammonium molybdate-perchloric acid allowed visualisation of the lipids. Lipids were quantified by in situ spectrodensitometric measurements using a Camag TLC scanner 3. The intra- and inter-assay accuracy was between 83 and 115% and the assay was precise to within a CV of less than 20% over a range of 0.1-1 and 5-50 microg for long chain lipids and medium chain lipids, respectively. The methods have been employed to study the kinetics of triolein and tricaprylin lipolysis in an in vitro lipid digestion model commonly used to assess the digestibility of novel oral lipid-based formulations.

Chromatography, Thin Layer↗
PubMed1999

Effect of chronic ethanol dosing on hepatic triglyceride and phospholipid profile and fatty acids in the guinea pig.

An alcohol feeding study was conducted with guinea pigs to evaluate the influence of alcohol upon hepatic triglyceride and total phospholipid profile as well as phospholipid fatty acids. Twenty-seven guinea pigs were randomly assigned into four groups consisting of a control and alcohol-treated group and each group carried over a 105- or 135-day period . Alcohol was administered via the drinking water starting with a 2.5% solution (v/v) and gradually increased to 12.5% (v/v) over a 30-day period and thereafter maintained continuously for either 75 or 105 days, respectively. Control guinea pigs received glucose via the drinking water to match isocalorically the alcohol given to the test animals. At the end of the 105- and 135-day periods, animals were sacrificed and livers collected. Hepatic triglycerides were significantly elevated by alcohol dosing, whereas total phospholipid fraction remained essentially unaltered. No significant time effect was observed on hepatic triglyceride and phospholipid profiles. In ethanol-fed guinea pigs, significant increases in percentages of 18:1 n-9 and 18:2 n-6 and decreases in 16:0, 20:3 n-6 and 20:4 n-6 were observed in hepatic total phospholipid fatty acid profile compared to controls. In addition, other polyenoic acids including 22:4 n-6, 22:5 n-6, 22:5 n-3, and 22:6 n-3 were found to be highly significantly depressed in alcohol-treated animals in comparison to the controls. This study provides important baseline lipid data on guinea pig responses to ethanol and provides a starting point for the use of the guinea pig as an experimental model.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Indices of adipose tissue distribution, apolipoproteins B and AI, lipoprotein (a), and triglyceride concentration in children aged 4-11 years: the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

This study examined the association of body fat distribution with serum apolipoproteins, lipoprotein (a), and triglyceride, risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity, in a representative sample of U.S. black, white, and Hispanic children. Data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for children aged 4-11 years revealed the mean waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) varied consistently with age, gender, and ethnic group. Levels were highest in Mexican Americans. WHR showed significant negative associations with apo AI concentration and positive associations with apo B and the ratio of apo B to apo AI independent of age but not body mass index (BMI). Associations of WHR with serum triglyceride concentration were independent of age and BMI. Other indices of body fat distribution were not superior to WHR. Lp (a) was not consistently associated with WHR. In conclusion, after controlling for BMI and age, body fat distribution was not significantly associated with apo AI and apo B with few exceptions. Nor was Lp (a) significantly associated with body fat distribution. Casual serum triglyceride levels were significantly positively associated with WHR independent of age and BMI in non-Hispanic white and Mexican American children.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1996

Parenteral use of medium-chain triglycerides: a reappraisal.

Over the last two decades, the clinical use of intravenous fat emulsions for the nutritional support of hospitalized patients has become routine. During this time long-chain triglycerides (LCT) derived from soybean and/or safflower oils were the exclusive lipid source for these emulsions, providing both a safe calorically dense alternative to dextrose and essential fatty acids needed for biologic membranes and the maintenance of immune function. During the past decade, the availability of novel experimental triglycerides for parenteral use has generated interest in the use of these substrates for nutritional and metabolic support. Medium-chain triglycerides (MCT), long advocated as a superior substrate for parenteral use, possess many unique physiochemical and metabolic properties that make them theoretically advantageous over their LCT counterparts. Although not yet approved in the United States, preparations containing MCT have been widely available in Europe. Intravenous MCT preparations, either as physical mixtures or structured lipids, have been used clinically in patients with immunosuppresion, critical illness, liver and pulmonary disease and in premature infants. Despite great promise, the clinical data comparing the efficacy of MCT-based lipid emulsions to their LCT counterparts has been equivocal. This may be due in part to the limited nature of the published clinical trials. Measures of efficacy for parenteral or enteral nutritional products has taken on new meaning, in light of the reported experience using immunomodulatory nutrients. Current concerns about cost of medical care and resource use warrant careful deliberation about the utility of any new and expensive therapy. Until clinical data can fulfill expectations derived from animal studies, it is difficult to advocate the general use of MCT-based lipid emulsions. Future clinical studies with MCT-based emulsions should have clear outcome objectives sufficient to prove their theorized metabolic superiority.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A medium chain triglyceride-based diet in patients with HIV and chronic diarrhea reduces diarrhea and malabsorption: a prospective, controlled trial.

Our objective was to determine whether a medium-chained triglyceride (MCT)-based diet, compared to a long-chain triglyceride (LCT)-based diet, conveys a beneficial effect on diarrhea and fat malabsorption in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals with chronic diarrhea and weight loss. A secondary objective was to evaluate the pathogens associated with the diarrhea and to evaluate whether the etiologic agent was a determinant of response to the nutritional intervention. Prospective, randomized double-blind comparative trial was conducted in 24 adult patients with HIV, diarrhea of greater than 4-wk duration, fat malabsorption, and loss of 10-20% of ideal body weight, these patients were recruited from our outpatient infectious disease clinic. Evaluations of diarrheal pathogens were made by complete stool examination, upper and lower endoscopy with quantitative culture, and biopsy. Body composition determinations, and measurements of fat, carbohydrate, and vitamin absorption pre- and postintervention. Patients were randomly assigned to one of two complete nutritional products with either medium- or long-chain triglyceride fat exclusively for 12 d followed by treatment of infectious pathogens. Ten patients were found to have Microsporidium and 9 patients had no identifiable pathogen. All patients responded to intervention with both nutritional products overall with 45% fewer stools, decreased stool fat and weight, and a significant increase in urine nitrogen. The group that received the MCT product demonstrated significantly decreased stool number (mean 4 to 2.5), stool fat (mean 14 to 5.4 g), and stool weight (mean 428 to 262 g) compared with baseline (P < 0.01 for all). Patients with both species of microsporidia and with pathogen negative diarrhea had good response. We found that HIV patients with diarrhea, regardless of etiology, and documented fat malabsorption may benefit symptomatically from a diet composed of an MCT-based liquid supplement.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Comparison of total oral bioavailability and the lymphatic transport of halofantrine from three different unsaturated triglycerides in lymph-cannulated conscious rats.

The lymphatic transport and the portal absorption of the lipophilic drug halofantrine were investigated in a conscious rat model. The rats were dosed with 0.1 g with triolein, trilinolein or trilinolenin containing 2 mg halofantrine. Following oral administration of the triglycerides, the mesenteric lymph and plasma samples were collected. The lymphatic transport for halofantrine was 11.1+/-1.2 after administration of trilinolein, 9.0+/-3.5 for trilinolenin and 8.6+/-2.2 for triolein and the total amount of halofantrine transported in the lymph was linear proportional with the amount of triglyceride in the lymph. The absorption of halofantrine directly into the blood showed a trend towards a higher AUC for trilinolien and trilinolenin compared to triolein, but no statistical difference could be found. The statistically analysis of the mean total bioavailability therefore shows that the absorption of halofantrine was largely independent on triglyceride unsaturation.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2000

Association between estradiol, estrogen receptors, total lipids, triglycerides, and cholesterol in patients with benign and malignant breast tumors.

This study addresses the correlation between the levels of estradiol (E2), total lipids, triglycerides, and cholesterol in serum and tissue samples of age-matched patients with benign (40 cases; 16 were premenopausal and 24 were postmenopausal) and malignant (50 cases; 17 were premenopausal and 33 were postmenopausal) breast tumors. Estradiol levels were determined in serum and cytosol, estrogen receptors (ER) were assayed in cytosol, and total lipids, triglycerides and cholesterol were determined in serum and membrane fractions of all benign and malignant breast disease patients. Serum E2 was significantly higher in malignant cases than benign ones (P<0.05) with a significant reduction (40%) in postmenopausal than premenopausal women. ER-positive tumors were significantly higher in postmenopausal women with malignant breast tumors than benign cases (P<0.05). Tissue levels of total lipids, triglycerides, and cholesterol were highly significantly increased in breast cancer women than women with benign breast diseases (P<0.05, P<0.005 and P<0.05 respectively) and they were also significantly correlated with estradiol levels. It could be concluded that the uptake of lipids from plasma by the tumor tissue is greatly correlated to estradiol and it may confirm the possible role of lipids as risk factor in breast cancer.

Adult↗