Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Permethrin”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,513 records · Page 84Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Nosocomial outbreak of scabies in a hospital in Spain.

An outbreak of scabies occurred in a ward of a local hospital in Barbastro (Huesca, Spain), between November 2002 and January 2003. The outbreak was linked to a patient infested with mites when he was admitted to the ward on 1 November 2002. The first case had onset of symptoms on 5 November and the last one on 5 January 2003. Seventeen cases were reported: 11 healthcare workers (HCWs) and six patients. The outbreak was attributed to a delay in diagnosis, and lack of individual protection measures by caregivers. The use of short-sleeved coats is an habitual risk practice in this ward. Contact with fomites, animals, infested clothes or intimate contact with people other than their usual partners were dismissed as risk factors for the infestation. The different groups of caregivers in this ward presented a similar risk of becoming infested, and the mechanism of transmission was probably person to person contact. The implementation of specific guidelines for scabies prevention and treatment, as well as an active surveillance system, were fundamental to the control of this outbreak.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Bioefficacy of Olyset nets against mosquitoes in India.

Olyset nets are highly effective in killing anopheline mosquitoes within 3 min of exposure, as evidenced in cone bioassay tests. These nets also showed their efficacy on other vector mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus) at higher exposure periods. The efficacy remained at approximately 90% even after 20 washings at an interval of 24 h against Anopheles culicifacies and Cx. quinquefasciatus. Use of the nets inside the house also resulted in drastic reduction of daytime resting density of mosquitoes because of high repellency, excitorepellency, and killing action of the nets. Pilot studies are indicated to evaluate the impact of use of Olyset nets on vector-borne diseases, particularly malaria, and its cost-effectiveness in comparison to conventional indoor residual spraying.

Aedes↗
PubMed1987

Cytotoxicity, cytogenotoxicity and allergenicity tests on certain pyrethroids.

Pyrethroids are potent synthetic insecticides which have been increasingly employed in recent years. Such compounds have been shown to bind covalently to hepatic proteins. Covalent binding is often associated with toxic effects. Possible cytotoxic, cytogenotoxic and allergenic effects could be due to covalent binding of these compounds and/or their metabolites to endogenous macromolecules. In the present paper we examine possible cytotoxic effects of certain pyrethroids on human lymphocytes and L 1210 lymphoblastoid mouse cells, cytogenotoxic effects with micronuclei test and allergenic effects with Magnusson and mast cell degranulation tests. Under our experimental conditions, the tested compounds showed neither acute cytotoxic nor cytogenotoxic effects, though, Cismethrin presented slight antimitotic effects statistically different to those with the control. Slight allergenic character of Cismethrin, Bioresmethrin and Deltamethrin was revealed by Magnusson and mast cell degranulation tests.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Human infestation with bird mites in Wollongong.

This is a report of a case of bird mite infestation which occurred in Wollongong in mid-December 1996. The individual suffered hundreds of bites, most of which were marked by itchy red papules 3-4 mm in diameter. Tiny mobile parasites (< 1 mm) collected from the skin and adjacent bedroom wall were identified as bird mites from the family Gamasidae, most probably from the genus Ornithonyssus. The source of the infestation was a starling nest under the eaves adjacent to the bedroom. The report summarises the ways bird mite bites can be distinguished from other insect and arachnid bites. If bird mite infestation is not correctly diagnosed, families who attempt to repeatedly treat it as if it were lice or scabies may incur considerable expense until the source of infestation is eliminated.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1983

Effectiveness of Ectiban, egg oil, Rabon, or Sevin for control of northern fowl mites on laying hens.

Two field trials were conducted on different ranches to compare acaricides for control of northern fowl mite (NFM) on White Leghorn hens. In Trial 1 Ectiban spray and dust treatments were compared to Rabon and Sevin spray-treatments; egg oil, Rabon, and Sevin sprays were tested in Trial 2. Concentration and rates of application followed label recommendations for the registered compounds. In Trial 1 Ectiban spray gave excellent NFM control; Ectiban dust, Rabon, and Sevin spray treatments resulted in poor NFM control. Egg oil and Rabon sprays gave effective NFM control in Trial 2. Sevin, as in Trial 1, gave poor NFM control. The failure of Sevin to control mites both times suggests the possibility of NFM resistance to this chemical.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1992

Research note: the hide beetle, Dermestes maculatus DeGeer (Dermestidae), feeds on live turkeys.

The beetle Dermestes maculatus, which is known to feed on dry, protein-rich, stored materials, has lately become a pest of wood and insulating polymers of poultry houses. Its carnivorous attack on live birds is recorded in this paper for the first time. These attacks resulted in deep wounds to adult male turkeys. When beetle larvae were offered simultaneously calf meat, chicken meat, and pellet feed for rodents, no clear preference was noted.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Scabies.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed2004

Relationship of treatment-resistant head lice to the safety and efficacy of pediculicides.

Head lice infestation is a common and growing problem that primarily affects school-aged children. Most cases of head lice are diagnosed and treated by nonphysicians. Misdiagnosis may lead to treatment when no lice are present. Treatment failure may lead to repeated use of and improperly applied pediculicides, potentially resulting in overexposure to pesticides. These treatment failures are primarily due to the emergence of treatment-resistant lice. In regions where resistant lice are common, patients may self-treat numerous times with over-the-counter pediculicides before seeking treatment from a physician. Resistance has decreased the efficacy of lindane, a prescription pediculicide that has been used for decades. In addition, the Food and Drug Administration recently warned of potentially serious adverse effects associated with lindane and recommended strict controls for its use. Malathion, recently reintroduced in the United States as a prescription pediculicide, has not been associated with treatment resistance or notable adverse effects, although it is flammable due to its alcohol base. Because of concerns about decreasing efficacy due to resistance and safety concerns about over-the-counter products and some prescription pediculicides, a reassessment of pediculicide safety is warranted. The safety and efficacy of commonly used over-the-counter and prescription pediculicide products are discussed, along with the safety and efficacy of other treatments, such as ivermectin, that are not indicated for the treatment of head lice but are being used increasingly.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Tumor-promoting activity and mutagenicity of 5 termiticide compounds.

The tumor-promoting activities of 5 commercial compounds used in termiticides were measured by a cell-transformation assay employing Bhas 42 cells. Their initiating activities were also measured by the microsuspension assay employing S. typhimurium TA98 and TA100 strains. The results of the transformation assay confirmed the tumor-promoting activities of fenitrothion, silafluofen and bifenthrin. Furthermore, the mutagenicity of S-421 and fenitrothion were also confirmed. Consideration of 2-stage carcinogenesis suggests that concurrent use of and long-term exposure to these compounds that have tumor-promoting and initiator activity, and compounds exhibiting either type of activity individually should be avoided as much as possible.

Biotransformation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Multiresidue gas chromatographic method for determining synthetic pyrethroid pesticides in agricultural products: collaborative study.

Fourteen laboratories from 6 countries and regions participated in an international collaborative study to evaluate a multiresidue gas chromatographic (GC) method for determining 8 synthetic pyrethroid pesticides in grains, fruits, and vegetables. The study design was based on Youden's matched-pairs principle for collaborative tests of analytical methods. Each laboratory analyzed 12 collaborative samples of wheat, oranges, and tomatoes as blind samples. Wheat samples were extracted with acetonitrile-water (2 + 1), while orange and tomato samples were extracted with acetone. Residues were partitioned into hexane, evaporated to dryness with a rotary evaporator, and then dissolved in hexane. The hexane extract was partitioned with acetonitrile and cleaned up on a 5% water-deactivated Florisil column with 6% ethyl ether in hexane as eluant. Residue concentrations were determined by GC with electron capture detection with splitless injection by comparison with single-point calibration standards. The appropriate standard concentration was determined by screening sample extracts before analysis. The multiresidue method was tested over the concentration range of 0.095-1.909 mg/kg depending on the 8 different of pesticides and agricultural products analyzed in the collaborative study. Statistical analysis of data from 13 laboratories showed weighted average recoveries for 8 pyrethroids in wheat, oranges, and tomatoes at 0.105-1.909, 0.095-1.909, and 0.105-0.954 mg/kg, respectively, ranging from 91.8 to 100.2%, from 88.1 to 100.6%, and from 88.2 to 101.5%, respectively. Reproducibility relative standard deviation values ranged from 6.46 to 17.74%, from 5.94 to 18.13%, and from 5.59 to 10.48%, respectively. Repeatability relative standard deviation values ranged from 6.34 to 10.84%, from 5.19 to 11.72%, and from 3.20 to 8.09%, respectively. The multiresidue GC method for determining synthetic pyrethroid pesticides in agricultural products has been adopted first action by AOAC INTERNATIONAL.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1999

What's eating you? Pediculus humanus (head louse and body louse).

Head lice remain a common problem worldwide. As resistance to available therapeutic agents can emerge rapidly, there is a need for continued research to find new and better agents. Until better agents are available, clinicians may find that rotational therapy, using different agents, may help to slow the emergence of resistance. Physical modalities, such as mechanical nit and louse removal and occlusive agents to asphyxiate the lice, should not be ignored, especially in light of our limited therapeutic armamentarium. All therapeutic agents are doomed to failure if infestation is allowed to recur. Classmates, playmates, and family members of infested children should be inspected for head lice. Efforts should be directed at fomite control and nit removal. Louse infestation must be addressed as a community-wide problem. Body lice remain important vectors of disease. War, natural disaster, and poverty favor the spread of body lice. As we work to solve these seemingly eternal problems, we must develop better agents to treat infestation and prevent the spread of body lice.

Adult↗