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PubMed1988

Necrotizing destruction of the ocular adnexa by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

In a six weeks old boy, a necrotizing Pseudomonas infection had destroyed nearly the whole lid apparatus, the lacrimal structures of the right eye and the medial canthal region, the medial thirds of the eyelids and the lacrimal passages on the left side. The infection was only controlled by intensive antibiotic therapy after more than two weeks. The exposure keratitis of the right eye was followed by corneal perforation, two months after the beginning of the therapy. A keratoplasty was performed, but soon a staphyloma and later, dense scarring developed. After the haematological and immunological situation was under control we could contemplate covering the large defect in the medial canthal area (open right canalis nasolacrimalis) at the age of seven months. The right lower lid has to be reconstructed later. The left eyelid defects have closed by spontaneous granulation. The little boy is no longer receiving antibiotic treatment and is developing very well.

Conjunctivitis↗

PubMed2005

Pulmonary T(H)2 response in Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected patients with cystic fibrosis.

BACKGROUND: Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection determines the course of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. Studies in human peripheral blood indicate that P aeruginosa infection is associated with a predominant T(H)2 immune response, whereas T(H)1 responses are accompanied by a better pulmonary outcome. OBJECTIVE: Analyses of peripheral blood may not correspond directly with the local pulmonary immune response. Therefore, we asked whether the T(H)1/T(H)2 response is altered in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from P aeruginosa-infected patients with CF. METHODS: Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was obtained from 12 patients with CF chronically infected with P aeruginosa, 11 noninfected patients with CF, and 8 healthy controls. Pulmonary CXCR3(+) (T(H)1) and CCR4(+) (T(H)2) expressing CD4(+) and CD8(+) lymphocytes were quantified by flow cytometry. Levels of T(H)1-associated (IL-2, IFN-gamma, IFN-gamma inducible T cell-alpha chemoattractant, Monokine induced by IFN-gamma, IFN-gamma inducible protein of 10 kd) and T(H)2-associated (IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, thymus and activation-regulated chemokine [TARC], macrophage-derived chemokine) cytokines and chemokines and a panel of proinflammatory molecules were quantified at the protein level. Chemokines mRNA levels were assessed by real time RT-PCR. RESULTS: P aeruginosa-infected patients with CF had significantly higher levels of pulmonary CCR4(+)CD4(+) (T(H)2) cells, IL-4, IL-13, and TARC and lower levels of IFN-gamma compared with noninfected patients with CF and healthy controls. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid levels of IL-4, IL-13, and TARC correlated inversely with FEV(1) in P aeruginosa-infected patients with CF. CONCLUSION: These results reveal the prevalence of a pulmonary T(H)2 immune response in P aeruginosa-infected patients with CF. The modulation of the pulmonary T(H)2 response in P aeruginosa infection may be an option for the treatment of P aeruginosa lung disease in patients with CF.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Neutrophil response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa in respiratory infection.

Sputum from patients with acute exacerbation of respiratory infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa was observed under the electron microscope. External to the cell wall of P. aeruginosa a granular, electron-dense material was observed which is suggestive of capsule. It is supposed that stabilization of capsule occurred by the host antibody, which was produced due to chronic infection by P. aeruginosa. Mucoid type of microcolonies were observed with a fibrous matrix of exopolysaccharide. Other types of microcolonies were surrounded by granular substances or fine fibers. Neutrophil was found to be partially surrounding the microcolony in an attempt to defense. Debris was formed mainly by the destruction of the neutrophil. Most neutrophils were found full of phagocytosed debris; in contrast only a few neutrophils were found to have phagocytosed P. aeruginosa. This study concludes that instead of phagocytosing bacteria, neutrophil phagocytosed debris and bacteria were not completely eradicated. Therefore, this might be one of the factors in the pathogenesis of respiratory infection and persistent colonization by P. aeruginosa.

Aged↗

PubMed1971

Effect of carbenicillin, gentamicin, and their combination on experimental Pseudomonas aeruginosa urinary tract infection.

The therapeutic efficacy of a combination of gentamicin with carbenicillin was compared with those of each antibiotic alone. The efferent urinary ducts of rats were infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and antibiotic therapy was started six days later. After seven days' therapy quantitative bacteriological findings in the urine and renal tissue were compared with those of untreated rats that had been infected. The degree of infection was least in the group treated with concurrent gentamicin and carbenicillin. It was concluded that the therapeutic efficacy of the gentamicin-carbenicillin combination exceeded those of each antibiotic administered alone.

Animals↗

PubMed1975

[To the differential diagnosis of cranial nerve lesions: the progressive necrotising external otitis (author's transl)].

A review of necrotising external otitis, a relatively unknown and dangerous disease, brings out that, initially, it has three characteristics: a granulating necrotising ostitis of the external meatus, extreme pain and a yellowish green secretion. It is always caused by a pseudomonas infection and in almost all cases the patients suffer from diabetes mellitus. If the condition is not recognized in good time and an extensive debridement of the bone involved not performed promptly, ostomyelitis of the base of the skull may follow with involvement of cranial nerves. Severe chronic osteomyelitis of cervical vertebrae occurred in one of our cases. The neurologist must bear this disease in mind in the differential diagnosis when cranial nerves are affected because the nerve disturbances may become evident only after the local condition has subsided or the nerve deficits may be more prominent than and obscure the local ear condition. The most commonly involved nerve is the facial although there may be multiple cranial nerves involved including the third through the twelfth. If the cervical vertebrae become affected there may be nerve root lesions. A torpid meningoencephalitis may also occur. Close cooperation between otologists and neurologists is necessary to recognize and treat these conditions properly.

Aged↗

PubMed1986

Lead exposure in an "urban" peregrine falcon and its avian prey.

Necropsy of a 7-yr-resident peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinis) from Baltimore showed a Pseudomonas infection involving the pharynx as the immediate cause of death. Concentrations of lead in liver and kidney measured 0.74 and 1.40 ppm, respectively. A survey of lead exposure was performed on 40 urban rock doves (Columbia livia). Thirteen additional rock doves were collected from sites removed from lead contamination and served as controls. The mean concentration of lead in the blood of the urban rock doves was 0.96 ppm (range 0.29-17.0 ppm) compared to 0.05 ppm (0.01-0.07 ppm) for control birds. Ninety-eight percent (39/40) of the urban rock doves had elevated concentrations of lead in their blood, while 27% (11/40) had sublethal concentrations. None of the control birds had increased concentrations of lead in their blood. Concentrations of lead in liver and kidney of 13 urban rock doves were 3.48 ppm and 9.53 ppm, respectively, compared to concentrations of 0.43 ppm and 0.50 ppm for four control rock doves. From these data a mean total concentration of lead per rock dove was calculated at 4.60 ppm for urban birds and 0.33 ppm for control birds.

Animals↗

PubMed1964