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Results for “PLASTER CASTS”

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PubMed1994

[Comparative studies of synthetic and nonsynthetic cast dressings].

Six different cast materials were evaluated and compared for radiolucency and mechanical properties. Synthetic casts, that do not contain fiberglass are more radiolucent than fiberglass cast materials or plaster of Paris. The fiberglass cast is particularly stable, and the advantage of the cotton cast is a low dead weight. The costs of synthetic casts made according to the producer manufacturers' recommendations do not differ significantly, but they are all much more expensive than plaster of Paris. Splitting a synthetic cast along its length and bending it open is not enough to prevent compartment syndrome, and wedging is recommended to keep it open.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed2005

Image analysis of oronasal fistulas in cleft palate patients acquired with an intraoral camera.

The aim of this study was to examine the clinical technique of using an intraoral camera to monitor the size of residual oronasal fistulas in cleft lip-cleft palate patients, to assess its repeatability on study casts and patients, and to compare its use with other methods. Seventeen plaster study casts of cleft palate patients with oronasal fistulas obtained from a 5-year series of 160 patients were used. For the clinical study, 13 patients presenting in a clinic prospectively over a 1-year period were imaged twice by the camera. The area of each fistula on each study cast was measured in the laboratory first using a previously described graph paper and caliper technique and second with the intraoral camera. Images were imported into a computer and subjected to image enhancement and area measurement. The camera was calibrated by imaging a standard periodontal probe within the fistula area. The measurements were repeated using a double-blind technique on randomly renumbered casts to assess the repeatability of measurement of the methods. The clinical images were randomly and blindly numbered and subjected to image enhancement and processing in the same way as for the study casts. Area measurements were computed. Statistical analysis of repeatability of measurement using a paired sample t test showed no significant difference between measurements, indicating a lack of systematic error. An intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.97 for the graph paper and 0.84 for the camera method showed acceptable random error between the repeated records for each of the two methods. The graph paper method remained slightly more repeatable. The mean fistula area of the study casts between each method was not statistically different when compared with a paired samples t test (p = 0.08). The methods were compared using the limits of agreement technique, which showed clinically acceptable repeatability. The clinical study of repeated measures showed no systematic differences when subjected to a t test (p = 0.109) and little random error with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.98. The fistula size seen in the clinical study ranged from 18.54 to 271.55 mm. Direct measurements subsequently taken on 13 patients in the clinic without study models showed a wide variation in the size of residual fistulas presenting in a multidisciplinary clinic. It was concluded that an intraoral camera method could be used in place of the previous graph paper method and could be developed for clinical and scientific purposes. This technique may offer advantages over the graph paper method, as it facilitates easy visualization of oronasal fistulas and objective fistulas size determination and permits easy storage of data in clinical records.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cast-saw burns: comparison of technique versus material versus saws.

Inadvertent cast-saw burns are attributable to inadequately padded casts, improper technique, or uncooperative patients. Cast-saw blade temperatures recorded while splitting plaster and fiberglass casts are elevated to a degree that would increase the risk of a second- or third-degree burn. Using standardized plaster and fiberglass cast models, this study attempted to determine whether the elevated temperature was a product of the saw, blade design, blade material, technique of cast removal, or casting materials. The results demonstrated that cast-saw blades manufactured with stainless steel are poorly suited for a device that uses friction to separate a cast. Modifications to the technique and varying the cast-saw models did not reduce the blade temperature consistently to <120-130 degrees F during normal operations.

Burns↗