Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Data Storage And Retrieval”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,513 records · Page 84Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

An approach to offline handwritten Chinese character recognition based on segment evaluation of adaptive duration.

This paper presents a methodology for off-line handwritten Chinese character recognition based on mergence of consecutive segments of adaptive duration. The handwritten Chinese character string is partitioned into a sequence of consecutive segments, which are combined to implement dissimilarity evaluation within a sliding window whose durations are determined adaptively by the integration of shapes and context of evaluations. The average stroke width is estimated for the handwritten Chinese character string, and a set of candidate character segmentation boundaries is found by using the integration of pixel and stroke features. The final decisions on segmentation and recognition are made under minimal arithmetical mean dissimilarities. Experiments proved that the proposed approach of adaptive duration outperforms the method of fixed duration, and is very effective for the recognition of overlapped, broken, touched, loosely configured Chinese characters.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2001

Digital imaging modalities for dental practice.

The introduction of the computed tomograph in the 1970s revolutionized medical diagnosis by initiating the transition from analogue to digital imaging. During this period, more specialized equipment for image processing was developed, such as cathode-ray tubes for image display, special sensors for image acquisition, and storage devices for image archiving. Digital imaging systems designed exclusively for use in dentistry were developed in the latter half of the 1980s. Some are now being clinically applied under conditions of close scrutiny to determine diagnostic accuracy, image quality, and radiation exposure to patients. This article reviews the enabling technologies of digital systems used in dentistry, and focuses upon intraoral digital imaging systems, concepts for digital image acquisition, and variations in radiation dose and their effects on diagnostic accuracy of caries detection.

Data Display↗
PubMedDate not supplied

DICOM: key concepts--part II.

The objective of these two installments of IT World was to give a general overview of DICOM and to take a look at different parts of the standard to get a sense of its main themes. We found that the standard provides a common reference for all developers but does not impose a single type of implementation. This allows for innovation. The standard is also built for flexibility, able to adapt to new modalities that have a need to communicate. The speedy acceptance of DICOM by the medical imaging industry is opening new possibilities for healthcare organizations to increase the quality while decreasing the cost of patient care. All of the DICOM networked supporting medical equipment as well as the organization's computer systems made by multiple original equipment manufacturers and located at one site or many sites can communicate by means of DICOM. This gives us the opportunity for medical images to be captured and communicated quicker. The result enables physicians to make diagnoses and treatment decisions sooner. It's all good stuff and even more reason why we should endeavor to understand the basics of DICOM. DICOM is here to stay!

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1986

A teaching file program for use in an ultrasound department.

A radiology teaching file program has been developed for use in an ultrasound department. Sonographic findings and diagnoses for each case are stored as groups of key words drawn from a vocabulary of up to 2000 key words created by the user. The program runs on a microcomputer and allows storage of 5000 cases per 360 kilobyte floppy disk. Data entry is accomplished entirely by ultrasound technologists based on the ultrasound report. Cases may be retrieved by selecting either individual key words or groups of key words, and the results may be printed out in a variety of formats. Experience in using the system over a 12-month period is discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1998

[Precision control of the position of the bone segments during surgical navigation].

The Surgical Segment Navigator (SSN) which has been developed together with Carl Zeiss at the department for craniomaxillofacial surgery at the University of Regensburg, is the first system for highly precise positioning of bone segments. Before clinical application, the precision of the SSN was evaluated by navigation of cadaver bone segments which is presented in this paper. The SSN tracks intraoperatively bone segments and displays the osteotomied segments on a monitor of the SSN-workstation. All movements are documented and saved within a computer file. Thus, the SSN makes the quality assurance of intraoperative positioning of bone segments possible.

Cadaver↗
PubMed1990

A description of a successful computerized adverse drug reaction tracking program.

The University of Illinois Hospital Drug Information Center recently began using a database software program (File Express, Version 4.0, Redmond, WA) for storing and retrieval of reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Important features of the software program include the capability of easily generating reports, rapid sorting of data, large storage capability, minimal startup cost, and a user friendly menu system. The number of reported ADRs increased from 24 in 1987 to 124 in 1988 due, in part, to increased educational efforts, revision of the ADR reporting form, and cooperation from the medical records department in identifying reported ADRs during chart review. Overall, pharmacists were found to report most of the ADRs. Retrospective analysis of the ADR reports may help identify trends in ADRs based on the drug and route of administration. A decrease in the incidence of some ADRs and, thus, improved patient care, may result as the information obtained from the computer-based ADR reporting system is shared among healthcare professionals.

Drug Information Services↗
PubMed1999

Can computer autoacquisition of medical information meet the needs of the future? A feasibility study in direct computation of the fine grained electronic medical record.

The project describes feasibility testing of a two-year clinical deployment of an electronic record keeping system for primary care medicine that allowed financial medical management and clinical disease study without the encumbrance of human encoding. The software used an expert system for acquisition of historical information and automatic database encoding of each independent fact. The historical acquisition system was combined with a screen-based physician data entry system to create a fine-grained medical record. Fine-grained data allowed direct computer processing to mimic the ends that presently require human encoding--gatekeeping, disease characterization and remote disease surveillance. The project demonstrated the possibility of real time gatekeeping through direct analysis of data. Detection and characterization of disease states using statistical methods within the database was possible, however, limited in this study because of the large numbers of patient interviews required. The possibilities for remote disease monitoring and clinical studies are also discussed.

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMed1999

Unsupervised knowledge discovery in medical databases using relevance networks.

Increasing amounts of data exist in medical databases. When multiple variables are measured for each case in a data set, there exists an underlying relationship between all pairs of variables, some highly correlated and some not. This report describes a technique that creates networks of related variables, or relevance networks, by dropping links with either too weak correlation or too few data points to defend the relationship. The paper describes how applying this methodology to the domain of laboratory results allows the generation of meaningful relations between types of laboratory tests. These relations could be used as the basis of further exploratory research.

Clinical Laboratory Techniques↗
PubMed2001

From data collection to knowledge data discovery: a medical application of data mining.

Prison inmates are exposed to a variety of major risk factors (psychiatric disorders, suicide attempts, illicit drug use). From 1986 to 1996, the USA prison population more than doubled while in France, it increased from 35655 in 1980 to 51623 in 1995. In spite of these findings, very little information concerning the inmates population is available. At the present time, there is a desire to adopt a policy based on the prevention of recidivism, on adequate release planning and referrals to community-based services. The aim of the RAPPEL project was to build an information system for assessing the social and health status of prison inmates. The pilot project was set up at the prison of Loos and allowed the collection and analysis of nearly 15000 records. The aim of this paper is to present the extension of the project consisting in developing a regional network grouping 11 jails. Information locally available will serve as the basis for the information system of regional jails. Data mining techniques will provide solutions for the extraction of new information. Three data mining tools were experimented : association rules, classification trees and clustering. Further extension consists in a distributed approach allowing direct access to the information system by WEB tools.

Classification↗
PubMed2001

Analysis of patient flows via data mining.

The paper presents DoMiner, a data mining tool for the analysis of patient flows among public hospitals and care units. DoMiner is based on the theory of rough sets, and allows for the extraction of association rules from data base tables. The paper describes both the clustering and rule extraction algorithm of DoMiner, and illustrates an introductory analysis example.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2001

[The design of ultrasound subsystem in PACS/HIS environment].

Playing an important role in PACS, ultrasound subsystem together with CT and X-radiography subsystems works as the image Provider and image processing center. In this paper, we propose a novel scheme on how to construct ultrasound subsystem and explain it with detailed work flow and software frame. We also give a discussion on how to expand such a subsystem.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed2003

Digital photography: exposures, editing images, and presentation.

The digital camera is one of the most important electronic articles on the wish list in the private sector, and professional users are also making increasing use of the possibilities that the digital image provides. In dental medicine, nothing speaks for the analog image anymore, and thus many dentists are searching for an expedient solution. Anyone who is faced with deciding on a digital camera will often be confused by the immense variety of models and concepts, which are also subject to rapid change. Fortunately for dental medicine, however, the current camera generation--both viewfinder and SLR systems--offers quality features which will be able to satisfy even high demands for many years.

Audiovisual Aids↗
PubMed2003

The use of data mining to investigate a possible quality problem with ultrasensitive HIV viral load data at a large reference laboratory.

Suppression of HIV viral load to <50 copies/mL, the lower limit of detection for the ultrasensitive assays, has been shown to correlate with favorable clinical outcome. Patients periodically exhibited transient or sustained low-level viremia based on this test. In order to investigate a possible quality concern, we used our corporate data warehouse to examine the patterns in our data over time as well as across geographic regions.

Data Interpretation, Statistical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Digital image compression.

The purpose of this paper is to describe the essential elements of digital image compression and its use in digital radiology. Additionally, this article is intended to increase the shared knowledge between radiologic technologists and radiologists, equipment vendors and information technology personnel.

Canada↗
PubMed2005

Digital radiography: considerations for pediatric dentistry.

Digital imaging has several advantages that include a reduction in radiation exposure, convenient image acquisition, display, and storage, as well as elimination of the darkroom, chemical solutions and the environmental concerns of their disposal, and processing errors. As many digital systems are available for both intraoral and extraoral imaging, it is most important to select a system that meets the needs of the dental practice, accommodates the patient population, and is user friendly.

Data Display↗