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Results for “CONDITIONED REFLEX”

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PubMed1987

[Reactions of neurons of the parietal association cortex (field 5) of the cat brain during the performance of conditioned reflex movement].

Responses of 160 neurons of the cat parietal cortex were studied during food instrumental reflex (placing reaction). 49% of them changed the discharge frequency before the movement initiation. Activation responses prevailed. Three main types of neurons involved in different ways into the process of realization of conditioned placing reaction were revealed. The obtained data evidence for the participation of the parietal cortex not only in realization of the conditioned placing reflex but also in its triggering.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Electric stimulation of the claustrum and conditioned reflex activity].

In chronic experiments on 8 dogs with electrodes implanted in the claustrum, direct electrical stimulation of the nucleus was accompanied by various behavioural responses (orienting, alimentary, muscle and emotional reactions) and changed the course of subsequent unconditioned and conditioned alimentary reflexes and differentiations to them. The character of behavioural reactions and of influences on reflexes depended on stimulation localization. Comparison of the results permits to assume functional differences between the dorsal and caudal claustrum, and within each of them -- functional differences between the central, lateral and upper nuclear areas. A conclusion is made on the structural heterogeneity and polyfunctionality of the claustrum.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cytochemical changes in the nucleic acids and proteins in the limbic structures of the rabbit brain during formation of a defensive conditioned reflex].

The intensity of cytochemical changes of nucleic acids and proteins of neurones in structures of the limbic circle was studied with the method of two-wave visible cytospectrophotometry and histoautoradiography at the early and late stages of conditioned defensive reflex formation. It was shown that at both stages there occurs an intensification (of different degree) of cytochemical changes level in all of the studied limbic structures. A the late stage of reflex elaboration, there is a redistribution of the level of cytochemical changes in the studied brain structures. It is concluded that a specific morphofunctional system of activated brain structures corresponds to each behavioural situation.

Amygdala↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Role of the hippocampus in conditioned reflex activity].

The role of the hippocampus in animals' conditioned activity was studied in experiments on rats and cats with ablated hippocampus. It was shown that in rats the ablation leads to a statistically significant slowing down in learning of the avoidance reaction. The effect becomes stronger in stress situation. The process of learning and optimization of choice reaction in the maze with alimentary reinforcement if sharply impaired in rats with bilateral ablation of hippocampus. The bilateral ablation of the hippocampus in cats in experiments with choice of the side of the alimentary reinforcement prolonged the latencies and sharply increased the number of erroneous reactions. The obtained data are analyzed in terms of fronto-pallido-hippocampal system, which selects, compares and integrates sensory information at the stage of the afferent synthesis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Conditioned reflex analog of sensomotor cortex neurons to acetylcholine microinjection].

Conditioned responses to time were studied in neurones of the sensorimotor cortex in alert rabbits using fixed time interval (2 min) combinations of sound stimuli with microionophoretic injection of acetylcholine in the recorded cell's area. Conditioned responses to time were elaborated in 26 out of 50 recorded cells (52%), both of activation (21 cells) and inhibitory (5 cells) types. They appeared after 10--30 pairings and were reproduced during 10--15 consequent omissions of the signal which points to persistence of the conditioned trace responses. It is assumed that the reinforcing effect of acetylcholine is basically due to the increased excitability of the neurone during application of the drug.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The action of neurotropin on the processes of conditioned-reflex avoidance in rats].

Preliminary neurotropin administration improved subsequent conditioned avoidance learning of rats in a shuttle-box: increased the number of conditioned avoidance reactions and decreased their latency in comparison with the control but did not change the number of intertrial responses. "The demolition" (5 series of negative reinforcements applied despite of avoidance occurrence) caused behavioural stress reactions and inhibited the conditioned and unconditioned avoidance learned reactions. Neurotropin injection before the demolition abolished such disturbances, that having been done after the demolition restored conditioned avoidance. The positive effects of neurotropin were suggested to be due to its antistress property and ability to improve the formation of a result of an acceptor of action.

Acoustic Stimulation↗