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PubMedDate not supplied

Skin tests in childhood lymphoma and neuroblastoma.

Intradermal skin test antigen (Varidase, Mumps, Candidine) and contact sensitization with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) were employed in 35 previously untreated children with neuroblastoma and malignant lymphoma, to evaluate delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity. Cutaneous responses were correlated to stage of disease and survival. The limited number of patients prevents any definitive conclusion. It is apparent, however, that in childhood non-Hodgkin's lymphoma anergy to DNCB is correlated to advanced stages with rapid progressive disease. In neuroblastoma and Hodgkin's disease patients skin test sensitization seems to be of questionable clinical value.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Enzymatic debridement for necrotic wounds.

In a randomised, double-blind, controlled trial, a comparison was made of the relative efficacy of using streptokinase/streptodornase (Varidase) in a hydrogel (KY Jelly) or the hydrogel alone in the debridement of Grade IV pressure sores. Seventeen subjects aged 57-94 years (mean age 81) took part; 21 sores were studied, 11 of which were randomised to the enzyme treatment regime. Both treatments led to eschar removal; fewer days were needed in the hydrogel-only group (mean 8.1 days, sd 1.8) compared to the enzyme/hydrogel group (mean 11.8 days, sd 2.9), but this was not statistically significant. The results suggest that the use of hydrogel alone may be a cost-effective alternative to the use of streptokinase/streptodornase and hydrogel in the treatment of these wounds.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed1976

Phagocytosis and cutaneous delayed hypersensitivity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

The objective of this study was to determine if the phagocytic and intracellular killing capacity of peripheral granulocytes or an expression of cellular-mediated immunity, delayed cutaneous reactivity, as measurements of native and acquired immunity, might be risk factors associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Over 100 patients with a value for their forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) less than or equal to 70 percent of normal were carefully matched with healthy participants having an FEV1 greater than or equal to 86 percent of normal, and together they served as the study group. Phagocytosis and intracellular killing were normal in patients with COPD; however, these patients demonstrated a significant impairment in the ability of their peripheral leukocytes to reduce nitroblue tetrazolium. The delayed-hypertensitivity response rate and the degree of reactivity were similar in the two groups, except for the patients with COPD having a significantly greater degree of reactivity to Monilia albicans extract ("canadin.") This finding is thought to be a consequence of reduced mucociliary clearance rather than a risk factor. The significance of decreased resting and stimulated cells' reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium in patients with COPD is not clear.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Cavity foot ulcers in diabetic patients: a comparative study of cadexomer iodine ointment and standard treatment. An economic analysis alongside a clinical trial.

Diabetic foot ulcers with exposure of tendon, muscle, or bone imply a high probability for deep infections and amputations. Delayed healing times are often described. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical effect and economic cost of cadexomer iodine with standard treatment in diabetic feet with cavity ulcers. Patients with deep, exudative foot ulcers were included in a 12-week open, randomised, comparative study. When ulcers stopped exudating, vaseline gauze was used in both groups until the end of the study. Costs were estimated for dressing material, staff and transportation. Clinically relevant improvement was seen in 12 patients treated with cadexomer iodine and in 13 patients treated with standard treatment. The average weekly cost was SEK 903 and SEK 1,421, respectively, of which the major part was costs for staff and transportation related to frequency of dressing changes. Treatment with cadexomer iodine ointment (Iodosorb) showed no clinical difference compared to topical treatment consisting of gentamicin solution, streptodornase/streptokinase, or dry saline gauze but was associated with considerably lower weekly treatment costs.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

A clinical study of Trypure or Varidase on minor burns.

A prospective double blind study using Varidase or Trypure on 2nd degree local burns in 18 patients was performed. No difference in cleaning or healing effect was revealed. In 6 out of 11 Trypure-treated and 1 out of 12 Varidase-treated patients treatment had to be discontinued because of intolerable pain. This difference was statistically significant.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

A micromethod for the activation of human blood lymphocytes in vitro.

A micro culture system is described in which 2.5 X 10(4) human blood lymphocytes in aliquots of 100 mul are stimulated by PHA, Pokeweed, "Varidase" antigen, allogeneic small lymphocytes or mitomycin-C-treated allogeneic LCL cells. Careful regulation of the pH by a combination of bicarbonate and MOPS buffers seems to be important for detecting a response to weak stimuli. High and reproducible levels of activation by powerful stimuli (PHA and LCL cells) can be recorded from even smaller cultures (10(4) responding cells in 40 mul aliquots). The technique allows large numbers of replicate cultures to be set up from a single blood sample so that the time course and/or dose-response relationships can be examined for a range of differen mitogens.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1975

Familial neutrophil chemotaxis defect, recurrent bacterial infections, mucocutaneous candidiasis, and hyperimmunoglobulinemia E.

A 20-year old women and her infant daughter had recurrent bacterial infections and chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis and were found to have extreme hyperimmunoglobulinemia E, defective neutrophil chemotaxis, and diminished lymphocyte responses to Candida antigen. Studies of members of the mother's family showed mild increases of IgE and mildly depressed chemotactic activity of neutrophils in a brother, the father, and the paternal grandfather. The recurrent bacterial infections in these two patients can be explained by the defective neutrophil chemotaxis. It is not known whether the mucocutaneous candidiasis is related to the neutrophil chemotaxis with the lymphocyte defect being secondary to the Candida infection or, alternatively, the Candida infection being secondary to the lymphocyte defect. Furthermore, the family data suggest a familial pattern of hyperimmunoglobulinemia E and defective neutrophil motility.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Neoantigen response in patients successfully treated for lymphoma. A Southwest Oncology Group study.

To ascertain the cellular immune function of patients successfully treated for lymphoma, we measured skin-test reactivity to a battery of recall antigens, phytohemmagglutinin (PHA), and the neoantigens keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). Seventy-four patients with Hodgkin's disease and 31 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were studied from 3 to 186 months after cessation of therapy for lymphoma. Although reactivity to recall antigens and PHA was normal, the number of patients responding to the neoantigens was significantly (P less than 0.01) lower than normal (KLH, 35%; and DNCB, 34%). This impairment in reactivity to neoantigens could not be correlated with specific diagnosis, stage of disease, or type of treatment. Reactivity to DNCB was significantly (P less than 0.01) improved in those patients studied more than 3 years after treatment, but the number who reacted was still markedly abnormal (17 of 33). Thus, successfully treated patients with lymphoma seem to have difficulty in responding to new foreign antigens.

Adolescent↗