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Results for “RIB FRACTURES”

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PubMed1981

Morbidity and mortality rates in major blunt trauma to the upper chest.

It is widely believed that fractures of the first rib are associated with more severe injuries than fractures of other ribs. To confirm or refute that belief, we conducted a retrospective review of 168 patients with major blunt trauma resulting in fractures of the upper ribs treated at the North Carolina Baptist Hospital. A comparison of morbidity and mortality rates in relation to highest rib fractured showed essentially no correlation. We concluded that all patients with deceleration or crushing injuries involving upper-rib fractures must be suspected of having significant multiple organ system trauma and evaluated accordingly.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1983

Blunt trauma to the thoracic outlet and angiography.

When major injuries occur to the thoracic outlet, common practice is to obtain an arteriogram without other clinical evidence of vascular injury, because of the purported high association of thoracic outlet trauma and vascular injuries, including ruptured aortae. In order to evaluate this association, a review was undertaken of all patients admitted to a major hospital over 5.5 years who underwent angiography or other evaluative measures as a result of their thoracic outlet trauma. There were no great vessel or aortic injuries without overt clinical criteria. Angiography for aortic and great vessel injury is unnecessary unless there is a widened mediastinum or other overt clinical indications of vascular injury. Judicious use or avoidance of angiography is therefore encouraged for multiple reasons.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Rowing injuries.

Participation in the sport of rowing has been steadily increasing in recent decades, yet few studies address the specific injuries incurred. This article reviews the most common injuries described in the literature, including musculoskeletal problems in the lower back, ribs, shoulder, wrist and knee. A review of basic rowing physiology and equipment is included, along with a description of the mechanics of the rowing stroke. This information is necessary in order to make an accurate diagnosis and treatment protocol for these injuries, which are mainly chronic in nature. The most frequently injured region is the low back, mainly due to excessive hyperflexion and twisting, and can include specific injuries such as spondylolysis, sacroiliac joint dysfunction and disc herniation. Rib stress fractures account for the most time lost from on-water training and competition. Although theories abound for the mechanism of injury, the exact aetiology of rib stress fractures remains unknown. Other injuries discussed within, which are specific to ribs, include costochondritis, costovertebral joint subluxation and intercostal muscle strains. Shoulder pain is quite common in rowers and can be the result of overuse, poor technique, or tension in the upper body. Injuries concerning the forearm and wrist are also common, and can include exertional compartment syndrome, lateral epicondylitis, deQuervain's and intersection syndrome, and tenosynovitis of the wrist extensors. In the lower body, the major injuries reported include generalised patellofemoral pain due to abnormal patellar tracking, and iliotibial band friction syndrome. Lastly, dermatological issues, such as blisters and abrasions, and miscellaneous issues, such as environmental concerns and the female athlete triad, are also included in this article.Pathophysiology, mechanism of injury, assessment and management strategies are outlined in the text for each injury, with special attention given to ways to correct biomechanical or equipment problems specific to rowing. By gaining an understanding of basic rowing biomechanics and training habits, the physician and/or healthcare provider will be better equipped to treat and prevent injuries in the rowing population.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Accuracy and time efficiency for the detection of thoracic cage fractures: volume rendering compared with transverse computed tomography images.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the accuracy and time efficiency of volume rendering (VR) compared with transverse images of multidetector-row computed tomography data to identify thoracic cage fractures. METHODS: Computed tomography scans of 50 patients with acute blunt chest trauma were retrospectively analyzed by using VR and transverse images. The number, location, and type of rib and sternal fractures revealed by these viewing methods were compared, and the time needed for diagnosis was measured. RESULTS: Thirty of 50 patients had a total of 178 rib fractures. The mean sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for their detection were similar for transverse (96%, 100%, and 99%) and VR (98%, 100%, and 100%) images. Three sternal fractures were correctly diagnosed with VR, and 1 was missed on transverse images by both readers. The time to read VR images (mean of 105 seconds) was significantly reduced compared with the time needed for transverse image reading (mean of 167 seconds; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Volume rendering of computed tomography data depicts thoracic cage fractures with a high accuracy similar to that of transverse images but is considerably faster.

Adolescent↗