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At least 1,495 records · Page 83Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Walking the tightrope: developing an attachment-based/relational curriculum for trainee psychotherapists.

I describe how the Centre for Attachment-based Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy (CAPP) in London has gone about developing an attachment-based/relational curriculum for training psychotherapists. A key problem the training is meant to address is how to maintain a balance between enabling students to absorb research and clinical knowledge of psychological processes at the same time as they learn to maintain the flexibility necessary to address the uniqueness of each individual encounter in the consulting room. I describe the task of the training in terms of a linguistic metaphor: the training needs to ensure that students are theoretically multi-lingual while developing higher levels of fluency in the language of attachment-based/relational psychotherapy. In the pursuit of this approach, my colleagues and I developed a set of ten key propositions - the spine of the relational world - which we felt encapsulated the main theoretical assumptions of attachment-based practice that students need to understand and explore. This has been used to evolve a spiral curriculum, designed to help students engage constructively with the often confusing emotional aspects of clinical work, and with the multiplicity of clinical viewpoints that characterises contemporary psychoanalytic psychotherapy.

Curriculum↗
PubMed2001

Prospective assessment of estrogen replacement therapy and cognitive functioning: atherosclerosis risk in communities study.

Studies of humans have not confirmed the suggestion from animal studies that estrogen replacement therapy may have an inverse relation with cognitive function decline. Because many of these studies have been marred by design or methodological problems, such as a small sample size, failure to control for confounding variables, or the use of a cross-sectional design, the present study was conducted in a large cohort of middle-aged postmenopausal women participating in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. The study population consisted of 2,859 women aged 48-67 years, whose cognitive function was tested at the second (1990-1992) and fourth (1996-1998) visits of the ARIC Study using three instruments: the Delayed Word Recall Test, Digit Symbol Subtest of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised, and Word Fluency Test. After multiple adjustment, no consistent patterns of cognitive changes between the two cohort visits could be detected according to current use or duration of use of estrogen replacement therapy. Thus, the results of the present study do not support the hypothesis that estrogen replacement therapy may slow age-related cognitive decline, at least as it applies to relatively young postmenopausal women.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cutaneous manifestations of infection with Corynebacterium group JK.

Multiple necrotic soft tissue lesions were observed in the groin of a granulocytopenic patient with Corynebacterium group JK septicemia. Complete healing followed vancomycin therapy. Review of the English-language literature disclosed that skin and soft tissue manifestations were seen in one-quarter of the patients with Corynebacterium group JK septicemia, all of whom were granulocytopenic; in no case of endocarditis were similar findings reported. The majority of lesions consisted of local infections at sites of previous bone marrow biopsy, intravascular catheter insertion, or perianal fissure; they preceded septicemia and were designated primary lesions. Less often, skin and soft tissue manifestations--including papular skin rash, soft tissue abscesses, and necrotic soft tissue lesions--developed in patients with established septicemia and were considered secondary.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Triples.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2001

Speech aeromechanics and the dysarthrias: implications for children with traumatic brain injury.

BACKGROUND: In addition to cognitive, linguistic, neurobehavioral, and physical challenges, children and adolescents with traumatic brain injury can have a dysarthria that compromises intelligibility and speaking effort. OBJECTIVE: The focus of this article is on an aeromechanical approach to understanding, evaluating, and treating the moderate-severe dysarthrias in these children.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cognitive intervention in Alzheimer disease: a randomized placebo-controlled study.

The efficacy of a cognitive intervention consisting of training in face-name associations, spaced retrieval, and cognitive stimulation was tested in a sample of 37 patients (16 men, 21 women) with probable Alzheimer disease (AD). Patients with AD were randomly assigned to receive either the cognitive intervention or a mock (placebo) intervention for 5 weeks. The placebo group then crossed over to receive the intervention. During the intervention, AD patients showed significant improvement in recall of personal information, face-name recall, and performance on the Verbal Series Attention Test. Improvement did not generalize to additional neuropsychologic measures of dementia severity, verbal memory, visual memory, word generation, or motor speed, or to caregiver-assessed patient quality of life. Results suggest that although face-name training, spaced retrieval, and cognitive stimulation may produce small gains in learning personal information and on a measure of attention, improvement does not generalize to overall neuropsychologic functioning or patient quality of life.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Functional dysphonia.

Functional dysphonia-a voice disturbance in the absence of structural or neurologic laryngeal pathology-is an enigmatic and controversial voice disorder that is frequently encountered in multidisciplinary voice clinics. Poorly regulated activity of the intrinsic and extrinsic laryngeal muscles is cited as the proximal cause of functional dysphonia, but the origin of this dyregulated laryngeal muscle activity has not been fully elucidated. Several causes have been cited as contributing to this imbalanced muscle tension; however, recent research evidence points to specific personality traits as important contributors to its development and maintenance. Voice therapy by an experienced speech-language pathologist remains an effective short-term treatment for functional dysphonia in the majority of cases, but less is known regarding the long-term fate of such intervention. Further research is needed to better understand the pathogenesis of functional dysphonia, and factors contributing to its successful management.

Humans↗
PubMed2002

To speak in tongues: language, diversity and psychoanalysis.

After reviewing the different psychoanalytical approaches to language of authors such as Freud, Lacan, Kristeva, Jung and Nicolas Abraham, the author examines the problem of 'analytical listening', of the attitude that every analyst must assume towards the words of the analysand, words that must be heard not just in terms of their content but above all in terms of their sound. We live in a culture in which visual images predominate over acoustic images and all too often this cultural trend is repeated in analysis, but it is only when we can hear the 'poetry' of the analysand's discourse that we are able to provide an 'echo', an analytical response that can co-symbolize with, that can offer to the analysand a word or a metaphor that will unlock the symbol hidden behind his or her words. The author then turns to the problem of bilinguism and its role in analysis. In her view, bilingual analysts are facilitated in their task of listening and of translation, because bilinguism facilitates the rapidity and fluidity of the analyst's associations, and at the same time sharpens his or her awareness of how the sound of a word can subtly change its meaning. The paper ends with a clinical vignette which illustrates the role that language can play in hysteria. In hysteria the dissociation between body and psyche is accompanied by a dissociation inside language itself, between verbalization and vocalization. These dissociations can be linked to the traumatic impact of the encounter between the 'language of tenderness' and the 'language of passion', between the child's attachment needs and parental sexuality. In such cases the failure of communication can be resolved principally through the use the analyst makes of the countertransference.

Cultural Diversity↗
PubMed1992

A review of clinical trials regarding treatment of acute otitis media.

A survey was made of the English language literature on clinical trials of therapy in acute otitis media. The articles were analysed systematically for 24 parameters related to study design. We retrieved 50 studies published between 1965 and 1989. Surprisingly, the combination of a double-blind method, clearly defined inclusion criteria, and criteria for outcome was found in only 13 studies. Most of these 13 compared different antibiotic regimens and only 4 were placebo-controlled. A recommendation based on the conclusions reached can, even in these 13 studies, hardly be obtained due to failure to show an overall difference in favour of a specific treatment regimen. Our study shows that many trials are methodologically flawed which makes it difficult to accept their results. In view of current controversy on management of acute otitis media, well conducted placebo-controlled clinical trials are still needed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2005

Structured methods and striking moments: using question sequences in "living" ways.

This article draws together two seemingly incompatible practices in social constructionist therapies: the use of structured questioning methods (associated with solution-focused and narrative therapies) and the poetic elaboration of "striking moments" (associated with conversational therapies). To what extent can we value and use both styles of practice? Beginning with practitioners' concerns about the use of structured question sequences, I explore possibilities for resituating these methods in different conceptual and metaphorical frames, selectively drawing on ideas from the philosophy of striking moments. The aim is not to reduce one therapeutic style to another, but to encourage the teaching and practice of structured methods in more creative, improvisational, and "living" ways.

Adaptation, Psychological↗