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Generational boundary dissolution between mothers and their preschool children: a relationship systems approach.

A particular perspective on relationship systems served as the basis for this research. Postulates within this perspective include qualitative aspects of relationships are stable over time, and there are lawful relations among relationships within the same system. Previously, a concept of seductive mother-toddler relationships was initially validated. From the theory surrounding this concept, later forms of this pattern were conceived, and a hypothesis concerning complementary mother-daughter relationships was formulated. In the present research we showed first that the pattern of "seductiveness" was stable, though transformed, from 24 to 42 months. Second, the same mothers were not found to be seductive with male or female siblings. Third, mothers who showed the seductive pattern (almost always with boys) were, as predicted, hostile toward their daughters in a particular way ("derision"). 2 other scales used at 42 months ("nonresponsive intimacy" and "generational boundaries") were elevated for target mother-male dyads and not for mother-daughter pairs. In fact, mothers who were seductive with sons were rated significantly lower on the intimacy scale when seen with daughters than were control mothers. It is suggested that maternal relationships across siblings are coherent, however distinct, and that these connections derive from the totality of the mother's relationship history.

Adult↗

Child sexual abuse prevention: does it work?

Child sexual abuse prevention programs designed to teach children ways to recognize, resist, and report sexual abuse have proliferated in the past five years. The authors evaluate one such program to find out what children know before instruction, if they learn how to prevent sexual abuse, and how they and their parents and professionals who work with children react to such a program.

Child↗

Oedipus complex and development of self.

The emergence of oedipal object relations is a crucial stage in the development toward individuated adult mentation, distinguished from early stages of psychic life which are transindividual (as in Kohut's "selfobject transference"). The latter continue to function as deep layers of individual psychic life; but the development of oedipal/postoedipal object relations, and advanced psychic structure and functioning based on it, represents a norm in psychoanalytic psychology and therapy. The poet John Keats's ideas about the formation of the individual "soul" (identity as an individual) by the intervention of "circumstances" are cited to illustrate this aspect of the oedipus complex.

Child↗

Family pathology and the infantile neurosis.

In this study we have attempted to investigate the connection (in the sense of a complex interplay) between the infantile and the adult neurosis where severe family pathology has been an important determining force. In the clinical illustrations of two female patients we tried to determine the fate (i.e. in terms of the compulsion to repeat) of the early infantile conflicts and experiences within the purview of their pathological family condition. In sorting this out, we distinguished between those repetitions viewed as passive reproductions and those repetitions viewed, as re-creative; the former finding their way essentially into the adult neurosis, the latter finding their way into parts of the personality under the aegis of their ego's organizing activity. The fashion in which the family pathology impinged upon the adult neurosis made the development of the transference in the analytic situation a most difficult arena for clarification, since there was a tendency to confuse past (early) events, past fantasy, current reality and current fantasy. In concluding we noted that both Oedipus complex and oedipal drama came together in these patients, revealing the link between the tragedy of their life-long family situation and what was termed a 'fate neurosis'.

Adult↗

Custody and visitation. Problems and perspectives.

Child custody and visitation remain vexing problems requiring input from mental health professionals as public policy decisions are formulated. Difficult problems do not have easy solutions, but through continued exploration of the issues using clinical and research methods, perhaps innovative programs will be developed and evaluated. Ultimately, this may lead to better ways of helping families cope with the trauma and the consequences of the family break-up and the resulting attempt to establish custody and visitation.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

Child molestation.

Sexually molested children are thought to be more common than battered children but, like rape, cases of child molestation are greatly underreported. Physical trauma occurs frequently, including vaginoperineal tears and head injuries. The child's father is frequently the offender. In nearly one-half of the cases, the abuse occurs repeatedly. Physicians must be aware of the potential physical and emotional damage and must be prepared to offer gentle care, effective support and appropriate counseling.

Adult↗