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At least 1,495 records · Page 83Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

The inclination of the weight bearing surface in the hip joint. The clinical significance of abnormal force.

The mechanical basis responsible for the development of secondary osteoarthritis in adults and slipped capital femoral epiphysis in adolescents is discussed, with the role of the oblique weight-bearing surface in generating abnormal shearing forces in these two conditions emphasized. The same biomechanical principles have been found to apply to the acetabular component in total hip implants. A vertical cup position will lead to abnormal stress concentration in the outer edge of the bone implant interface with an increase in shearing forces. The form of the subchondral bone sclerosis on the radiograph has been studied and found to correlate well with the distribution of stresses in the bone implant interface.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1989

[A retrospective analysis of x-ray changes of the hip joint].

In 74 patients who had an endoprothesis implanted for a radiologically defined coxarthrosis preoperative radiographs were compared with contact radiographs of the resected femur head. In case of a reduction of the radiological width of the articular cavity an evaluation of the underlying cartilage damage at the femur head and the acetabulum is possible in one half of the cases. We were able to confirm cysts on the post-resection radiographs in 85.1% of the cases. Small bone fragments interpreted as necrosis, bone sclerosis and small indents of the femur head were confirmed in 70% of the cases. In the resected joint 7.8% more erosions were found than in-vivo. Sclerotic atrophy was seen twice as often in the resected joint than in-vivo. A comparison of the trabecules of the spongiosa for the evaluation of bone structure is possible only in part with the method described here.

Hip Joint↗
PubMed2000

[Osteonecrosis of the hip joint in adulthood. Significance of various corrective osteotomies].

The importance of osteotomies in treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head has decreased. However, with proper selection of the patient, osteotomies are still useful for small stage III or IV lesions in patients younger than 45 years, and with no ongoing causes for progressive osteonecrosis such as the use of high doses of corticosteroids, chemotherapy, and chronic alcoholism. For preservation of natural hip joint function, the necrotic segment is moved away from the load-transmitting area of the acetabulum, and weight-bearing forces are redistributed to articular cartilage that is supported by healthy bone. In addition to radiographic evaluation, MRI is most accurate for imaging of the stage, localization, and extent of osteonecrosis in planning and selecting osteotomy.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

An easy technique to digest and isolate UHMWPE wear particles from a hip joint simulator.

The size and morphology of polyethylene wear particles isolated from in vitro tests were analysed in this study. There are some major controversies emerging in the literature that will only be resolved by careful particles analysis. Since it is difficult to identify the factors that affect size and morphology of the wear particles, the goal of this study was to compare four different polymer wear debris isolation techniques (base method and acid treatment) under identical conditions in a hip joint simulator to obtain polyethylene wear particles. We investigated achieving particulate isolation by using a different approach to the one reported in the literature that involved an easier and streamline method of particle debris isolation. The new method, compared to the previous one, used a strong base, normal centrifugation, and filtration to digest the serum constituents thus isolating the polyethylene particle debris from lubricant. In all four methods the isolation involved some or all of the following steps: density gradient separation, centrifugation or ultracentrifugation, and washing. However, a requirement for all these techniques was that the lubricant had to be devoid of organic compounds in order to effectively image and count the particle debris. The results from these studies clearly show that this new method of particle isolation is easier and more streamlined than the three methods analysed and reported in literature because it did not involve ultracentrifugation and is quicker.

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip↗
PubMed1983

[Double-blind study with tiaprofenic acid (Surgam) against ibuprofen (Brufen) in patients with arthroses of the knee and hip joints].

60 patients with osteoarthritis of the hips or knees were selected for our randomized double blind trial comparing efficacy and safety of the two propionic acid derivates tiaprofenic acid (daily dose 600 mg) and ibuprofen (daily dose 1200 mg) for 21 days. Criterias for evaluation were different pain qualities, morning-stiffness, 15-meter-walking-time, joint circumference, heel-seat-distance, intermalleolar and intercondylardistance. The good therapeutic effect was equal for both substances, drop-outs because of side effects were necessary for 2 patients of each group.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1977

[The stress of the human hip joint. VI. A functional analysis of the cartilage thickness in the human femoral head (author's transl)].

The distribution of cartilage thickness was ascertained in 11 femoral heads. The greatest thickness of cartilage was always found lateral of the fovea capitis at the medial margin of the pressure area ("Druckbündelzone") of the cancellous bone, whereas the dorsomedial part of the head showed a zone of thinning, extending to the medial margin of the fovea capitis. The decrease in cartilage thickness occurred less rapidly in the lateral part of the joint than in the medial part. In the case of coxa vara, a changed pattern of cartilage thickness was observed, with a maximum thickness located more towards the lateral edge of the cartilage and a reduction in cartilage at the lateral margin of the fovea. The results are put in relation to the stress of the hip joint and are explained according to Pauwels' conceptions of the causal histogenesis and preservation of the mesenchymal supporting tissues. Differences in cartilage thickness are discussed as being a functional adaptation to local stress.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Comparison between two devices for measuring hip joint motions.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the reliability of measurements of hip motions obtained with two instruments, an electronic inclinometer and a two-arm goniometer, and to investigate whether the two instruments, and different body positions, produce the same measurement data. METHODS: Maximal active and passive hip movements were measured simultaneously with both instruments, in nine subjects during 10 consecutive measurements at short intervals. RESULTS: Intra-observer variability was lower with the inclinometer in measurements of passive hip rotations. The two instruments showed equal intra-observer variability for hip movements in general. The inclinometer showed lower inter-observer variability in the measurements of active internal rotation. More rotational movement was measured with the two-arm goniometer; more extension and flexion with the inclinometer. Also, more rotational movement was found in the prone position compared to sitting and supine positions. CONCLUSIONS: The inclinometer is more reliable in measurements of hip rotation. For hip movements in general the two-arm goniometer is just as accurate when used by only one observer. The two instruments, and some positions, are not interchangeable during consecutive measurements.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Delayed damage to the hip joint in competitive sports].

There is rather little literature about hip disease in later life of former elite athletes. This running prospective study is concerned about precisely this question. Conclusive results are not yet available. But there are signs for a tendency towards increased formation of degenerative hip disease (or even premature arthrosis) in hurdling, jumping, decathlon, and probably in long distance running. Possible causes are mentioned (epiphysiolysis in hurdling?). Short outline about biomechanics and relationship of involved forces. The intention is to stimulate enhanced research of this problem.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[What significance does superselective angiography of the hip joint have in femur head necrosis of the adult before and after management with a vascular pedicled ileal crest graft?].

The use of microsurgical techniques in orthopaedics makes it possible to revascularize the necrotic femoral head in adults. Superselective angiography improves preoperative planning. Furthermore, using this method postoperative perfusion control of the pedicle bone graft can be carried out. This paper reports on a special way of positioning the pelvis, as well as on the results of angiography in various functional positions of the hip joint.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[The Giessen model of a cement-free implantable total endoprosthesis for the hip joint].

Complete endoprostheses of the bitrochanteric type were implanted in Giessen in 111 patients the average age of whom was 74 years. Computer-assisted evaluation showed that more than 70% of these patients developed autonomous mobility. The rest had not been able to walk before surgery, but could be nursed or became able to sit after the operation or were still followed up. At the end of follow-up treatment, a rate of 90% of mobile patients with or without stick is to be expected. Initially, the implantation technique is certainly more difficult to learn with this model than with other allo-endoprostheses of the hip joint. This is due to the fact that the implants are an exact replica of the pertrochanteric region, thus permitting a broad contact face to the cortical substance instead of the punctiform contact of some other models. Once learned, the technique can be applied without considerable problems. At our Department it has proved to be successful.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

[Reduced pain from osteoarthritis in hip joint or knee joint during treatment with calcium ascorbate. A randomized, placebo-controlled cross-over trial in general practice].

INTRODUCTION: Although vitamin C is essential for the formation of collagen and proteoglycan and has been shown to minimise surgically induced arthritis in guinea pigs, no controlled trial has examined its effect on human osteoarthritis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The trial was a multicenter, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, crossover-trial performed by ten general practitioners. The Declaration of Helsinki and the European guidelines for good clinical practice were strictly followed. One hundred and thirty-three patients with radiographically verified symptomatic osteoarthritis of the hip joints and/or the knee joints were treated with one gram of calcium ascorbate or identically looking placebo tablets. The calcium ascorbate tablets and the placebo tablets should be swallowed daily for 14 +/- 3 days respectively, separated by 7 +/- 3 days wash out. The main outcome measure was difference on the 100 mm visual analog scale (VAS) score for pain in a preselected joint. The secondary outcomes were Lequesne score for function and patient preference. RESULTS: Calculated on an intention-to-treat principle, calcium ascorbate reduced pain significantly compared to placebo (p = 0.0078 by analysis of variance between groups (ANOVA) for difference in VAS, mean difference 4.6 mm (95% CI 1.2-8.0). Similar superiority was found for Lequesne index (p = 0.036, difference 0.56 (95% CI 0.04-1.08) and for patient preference (p = 0.012). DISCUSSION: The demonstrated effect is less than half as pronounced as commonly reported for NSAID etc. If the finding can be reproduced with a smaller, acceptable intake of vitamin C this would be of importance considering the large prevalence of osteoarthrosis.

Adult↗