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PubMed1986

Solitary hamartomatous polyp of the duodenum in the absence of familial polyposis.

A large hamartomatous polyp of the Peutz-Jegher type was discovered in the distal duodenum by endoscopy in a patient with occult gastrointestinal bleeding. There were no other polyps in the gastrointestinal tract and the patient lacked any stigmata associated with the familial polyposis syndromes. This is the second well-documented case of an isolated hamartomatous polyp of the Peutz-Jegher type in the small intestine occurring in the absence of familial polyposis.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMed1977

Effect of graded amounts of acid instilled into the duodenum on pancreatic bicarbonate secretion and plasma secretin in duodenal ulcer patients and normal subjects.

Pancreatic bicarbonate secretion and plasma secretin were measured in response to graded amounts of hydrochloric acid (0.94, 1.88, 3.75, and 7.5 mEq per 5 min) instilled directly into the duodenum in duodenal ulcer patients and in normal subjects. These graded amounts of acid produced graded increases in pancreatic bicarbonate in both groups. Mean bicarbonate secretion was significantly greater in the duodenal ulcer patients than in the normal subjects basally and after the lowest dose of hydrochloric acid. Mean (+/- SE) peak 30-min bicarbonate output (in milliequivalents) after duodenal acidification was 3.0 +/- 1.0 in the duodenal ulcer patients and 2.1 +/- 0.6 in the normal subjects (P less than 0.5). A significant (P less than 0.05) increase in plasma secretin occurred after duodenal acidification, but the increase in the duodenal ulcer and normal subjects was not significantly different (P less than 0.2). These results indicate that pancreatic bicarbonate secretion and increase in plasma secretin in response to graded amounts of duodenal acid are at least as great in patients with duodenal ulcer as in normal subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Treatment of experimental destruction of the duodenum with preparations with nootropic action].

In the experiments on rats the peptic ulcer of duodenum was simulated by means of mechanic compression of reflexogenic zones of pylorus and intestine. The destruction of duodenal mucosa was developed in 3-4 hours after the compression and retained in the course of 5-6 days. Piracetam (200 mg/kg) and etimizol (3 mg/kg) eliminated and cimetidine (25 mg/kg), solcoseryl (0.5 mg/kg) and metacine (5 mg/kg) diminished the destruction after the course of 6 injections of each drug with an interval of 10-12 hours. Therapeutic effects of piracetam and etimizol correlated with their ability to return towards normal concentration of creatine phosphate.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anterior transposition of the third part of the duodenum in the management of chronic duodenal compression by the superior mesenteric artery.

Transposition of the third part of the duodenum anteriorly to the superior mesenteric vessels was performed in ten patients with chronic duodenal obstruction due to compression by the superior mesenteric artery (SMAS). Follow-up evaluation showed that all the patients (a) had complete relief of their preoperative symptoms, (b) could tolerate normal diet postoperatively and (c) gained weight rapidly following surgery. There were no major complications or deaths among the patients so treated. The Author feels that this technique is more direct approach, aimed at permanently circumventing the obstruction for these groups of patients selected on the basis of the radiological, pathological and operative findings. The success encountered with the patients so treated would seem to confirm this impression.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Blockade of the bradykinin-evoked diphasic response of isolated rat duodenum by the crude extract of and compounds obtained from Mandevilla velutina.

The influence of an aqueous/ethanolic extract of M. velutina (CE) and of two compounds (MV 8608 and MV 8612) purified from the plant on BK-, Ad- and K+-induced responses of the rat duodenum was analyzed in vitro. In preparations precontracted with Ca2+, the CE (1 and 2 mg/ml) markedly inhibited BK-induced relaxation in a dose-dependent manner but was less effective against Ad-induced relaxation. The CE (0.5 mg/ml) also antagonized BK-induced relaxation and contraction of strips bathed in normal medium. The two compounds from M. velutina (10 and 20 micrograms/ml) also promoted a dose-dependent blockade of both responses to BK, only slightly depressing the response to K+.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Primary infrapapillary leiomyosarcoma of the duodenum].

The primary infrapapillary leiomyosarcoma of the duodenum is very rare. In spite of the rarity and often uncharacteristical symptomatology of these tumors the knowledge of the clinical symptoms and diagnostical possibilities is for all the greater importance, because a radical operation with good late results is possible at early recognition.

Duodenal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

[A case of leiomyosarcoma of the duodenum--histologic diagnostic criteria of borderline malignancy].

A case of a leiomyosarcoma of the duodenum is reported. A 52-year-old man with a duodenal submucosal tumor underwent a pancreatico-duodenectomy. Histologically, the resected tumor revealed moderate cellular atypism and moderate pleomorphism, but revealed no mitotic figures. The histological diagnosis was leiomyoma. Nine years after operation, the tumor showed a recurrence and metastasis in the liver. Thus, the patient underwent a lobectomy of the liver. The resected liver tumor showed similar histological features seen in the primary duodenal tumor but with high mitotic activity. Histologically, the patient was diagnosed as having a metastatic leiomyosarcoma. This history suggests that a smooth muscle tumor of potential malignancy, as seen in this case, should be followed continuously, even though mitoses may not be recognized.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1987

3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, mevalonate-5-pyrophosphate decarboxylase and acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyl-transferase from mucosa scrapings and isolated enterocytes from chick duodenum, jejunum and ileum.

3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, mevalonate-5-pyrophosphate decarboxylase and acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase activities were assayed in mucosal scrapings and isolated enterocytes from chick duodenum, jejunum and ileum. Maximal reductase and decarboxylase specific activities were found in ileum and jejunum, while ileum exhibited the minimal acyltransferase specific activity. The isolated epithelial cells showed levels of reductase and acyltransferase specific activities higher than those found in mucosa scrapings, probably due to the contact of these microsomal proteins with proteolytic enzymes during homogenization of the mucosa. However, no protecting effect of the trypsin inhibitor (2mg/ml) could be observed on reductase activity in mucosa scrapings. The cytosolic location of decarboxylase may account for the similar levels of specific activities found in mucosa scrapings and isolated enterocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Intramural nervous system of the stomach and duodenum after vagotomy].

The work has been carried out in 23 dogs and 10 patients by electron-microscopic and histochemical methods. It was shown that after vagotomy the intramural neural system of the stomach and duodenum could considerably recover its structure. The alterations in nerve plexuses were of phasic character.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1986

[Microscopic organization of epithelial endocrine cells of the gastrointestinal tract mucosa in lower vertebrates. II. Epithelial endocrine cells of the duodenum of the common frog].

The endocrine epithelium cells of the frog duodenum mucosa were studied using light and electron microscopy. In the intestinal epithelium endocrine cells are distributed among enterocytes all over the surface of mucosa. The greatest quantity of them is observed in the intestinal part in the proximity of the stomach. Six types of endocrine cells are identified on the basis of their granular structure and size. Some differentiation in submicroscopic organization of endocrine cells depending on their functional condition is defined.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Vascular ectasia of the duodenum detected by duodenoscopy.

A 65-yr-old Chinese woman suffered from repeated episodes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding for 5 yr. Despite repeated panendoscopic and angiographic studies, the bleeder was not found until a duodenoscopic examination was performed. A small bleeder was found near the papilla vater area. The lesion was excised and proved to be a vascular ectasia of duodenum.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Blood flow as a protective mechanism of the stomach and duodenum].

Blood flow in the stomach and duodenum is not only important for the transport of O2, CO2 and substrates, but also a protective mechanism against luminal H+. Back diffusion of H+ stimulates blood flow in the stomach, thus preventing mucosal acidosis by removing H+. Another important function of blood flow is the transport of HCO3- for extra and intracellular buffering of H+.

Bicarbonates↗
PubMed1986

[Morphological research on the effect of vagotomy on the parietal microflora of the stomach and duodenum].

The effect of vagotomy on parietal microflora was studied in intact rats and rats with chronic experimental gastric ulcer using stereometry, as well as light, transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Vagotomy was found to increase the relative amount of parietal microflora on day 30 following denervation, especially in the duodenum and pylorus. Chronic gastric ulcers are also associated with a rise in the relative amount of parietal microflora.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Purification and characterization of chymodenin. A hormone-like peptide from porcine duodenum.

Chymodenin, a hormone-like duodenal peptide which rapidly alters the proportions of secreted pancreatic digestive enzymes to a mixture relatively richer in chymotrypsinogen than that found in basal secretion, has been purified to homogeneity. The starting material was an acidic methanol-soluble, neutral pH-insoluble fraction of an acetic acid extract of porcine duodenum; the purification consisted of cation-exchange chromatography on SP-Sephadex and CM-Sephadex in ammonium bicarbonate gradients, and gel filtration on Sephadex G-75 in dilute acetic acid. The yield of material was followed by radioimmunoassay. Homogeneity was determined from chymodenin's behavior in disc gel electrophoresis in an acidic counter-migration-of-dye system, sodium dodecyl sulfate-urea gels, gel filtration, dansyl-Edman reaction, reversed-phase high pressure liquid chromatography, isotachophoresis, and sedimentation equilibrium ultracentrifugation. The electrophoretic mobility, the molecular weight of 9,000-10,000, and the biological activity differed from those of other gastrointestinal peptide hormones. The amino acid composition was unique. Chymodenin is the first purified hormone-like substance reported capable of altering the composition of the mixture of secreted digestive enzymes, independent of the stimulation of massive pancreatic protein output.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1986

Molecular forms of gastrin in antrum and duodenum after parietal cell vagotomy.

We examined whether parietal cell vagotomy (PCV) changed the distribution between the different molecular forms of gastrin. Serum, antrum, and duodenum from PCV patients, unoperated duodenal ulcer (DU) patients and control subjects were studied. PCV was followed by a twofold increase in the serum gastrin concentration, while the distribution between small and large gastrins were unaffected. However, sulfation of antral gastrins was reduced from 45 percent in unoperated DU patients to 34 percent in PCV patients (p less than 0.01). We conclude that gastrin sulfation is diminished after PCV. Diminished sulfation seems to be correlated to hypergastrinaemia of antral origin and not to specific diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Arterial submucous plexus of duodenum (1st 2.5 cm): vascular etiology in duodenal ulcers.

The arterial submucous plexus in 5 human duodena (1st 2.5 cm of duodenum) were studied by injecting India-ink. The submucous plexus was richly vascular, which excluded the possibility of the end arteries to be the causative factor in production of ulcers in this region. Perhaps, the ulcers in this region may be due to obstruction of blood flow caused by traction of an over filled stomach.

Arteries↗
PubMed1986

[Variants of the suspensory muscle of the duodenum (Treitz's ligament) and the anatomical basis for its effective dissection in duodenal stasis].

Depending on peculiarities of the duodenum fixation to the posterior abdominal wall, normal (normoduodenum), dolichoduodenum and duodenoptosis variants are distinguished. The m. suspensoris duodeni (ligament of Treits) in each variant has its peculiarities. At the normoduodenum and dolichoduodenum, the ligament of Treitz contains a considerable amount of striated muscle tissue. At the duodenoptosis--it consists of a loose fibrous connective tissue with single smooth (non-striated) muscle fibers. As demonstrate anatomical experiments for dissection of the normal ligament of Treitz and of its two variants, dissection of the ligament of Treitz at duodenoptosis eliminates essential anatomical prerequisites of duodenostasis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Endoscopic evaluation of the involvement of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum in human paracoccidioidomycosis].

The upper gastrointestinal tract was investigated endoscopically in 30 patients with paracoccidioidomycosis. Esophagus, stomach and duodenum showed, respectivelly, 40%, 53% and 43% of endoscopic alterations. The histopathological examination of biopsy tissue revealed no specific lesions in esophagus and stomach, but P. brasiliensis was observed in three cases of duodenal lesions: two cases with mucosal diffuse erosions and one case of duodenal polyp. It is concluded that duodenal paracoccidioidomycosis is not rare and could be revealed by endoscopic examination in patients with disseminated disease.

Adolescent↗