Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Deinstitutionalization”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,495 records · Page 83Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Social disability in the young adult mentally ill.

The social functioning of young mentally ill adults was assessed in relationship to that of older mentally ill adults. In terms of family and friends, the younger and older groups were found to experience similar social withdrawal, although the younger group was more likely to be employed. It is suggested that such withdrawal may be typical of young mentally ill adults not enrolled in programs emphasizing social involvement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

The inter-rater reliability of Hall and Baker's REHAB scale: a cross-validation study.

The impending closure of many large psychiatric hospitals has led to the involvement of clinical psychologists in surveys of whole hospital populations. REHAB is a recent addition to the range of behaviour-rating scales. In a test of the inter-rater reliability of this scale, we have assessed the ratings from an initial sample of 50 patients. We obtained higher correlation co-efficients than expected given the larger number of raters used in our study. Some implications for the general use of rating scales in reprovision are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Planning for community care: the Community Placement Questionnaire.

The article reviews methodological issues relating to planning surveys of long-stay populations and describes the development of an assessment instrument, the Community Placement Questionnaire, designed to aid planning for long-stay patients resident in hospitals scheduled for rundown or closure. Reliability and validity data are presented and the advantages and limitations of the instrument are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Does community residence mean more community contact for people with severe, long-term psychiatric disabilities?

The focus of the debate over hospital versus community care for those with severe and enduring mental health problems has shifted somewhat towards ensuring the quality of care provided by services regardless of their location. One factor that is generally assumed to be an important indicator of quality of care is the opportunity for community contact that users of a residential service have. This is illustrated by its inclusion in most instruments designed to assess quality of care in psychiatric services. The present study set out to examine the amount of community contact made by residents of three units of a London psychiatric rehabilitation service. Level of community contact was indeed found to be unrelated to the location of these facilities on a hospital site or in the community. However, interesting differences did emerge across units in the type of community contact made by residents and in the identity of residents' companions on community trips.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1997

The experience of caring for former long-stay psychiatric patients.

This study investigated the experiences and the mental health status of the informal carers (usually relatives) of 38 former long-stay psychiatric patients. According to the GHQ-12, 45 per cent of carers were classified as minor psychiatric 'cases'. Women were significantly more likely than men to experience poor mental health. Most carers reported personal and social restrictions, but cases were significantly more likely than non-cases to report personal, physical and financial burden.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

A three- to six-year follow-up of former long-stay residents of mental handicap hospitals in Northern Ireland.

OBJECTIVES: Little is known about the first cohorts of long-stay hospital residents with learning disabilities who moved to the community. This study describes the pattern of residential reprovision for all former long-stay residents discharged from the three mental handicap hospitals in Northern Ireland between 1987 and 1990 (N = 283) as well as describing aspects of quality of life for a smaller sample of people. METHOD: The study employs a retrospective survey design and the method and findings are discussed within a quality of life framework. Information about destinational outcomes between 1987 and 1993 was collected for each former resident. Several instruments were also used to assess material, emotional and social well-being and development and activity for a 40 per cent sample of people (114/283) discharged from hospital during 1987-1990 and followed up in 1993. RESULTS: Approximately 70 per cent of residents were discharged to, and subsequently remained in, highly supported settings such as residential and nursing homes. Only 3 per cent were discharged to 'independent living' with their own families or foster families. Few of the sample had 'major' problems with daily living skills and serious behavioural problems were uncommon. Former patients were also more satisfied with their new homes and reported feeling happier, healthier and more independent since discharge. However, social networks were poor and there was no evidence to suggest that people were undertaking new or 'ordinary' daytime activities. CONCLUSION: Although the material needs of former hospital residents (many of whom may have been 'cream skimmed' from the long-stay population) appeared to be met and they were content with their new homes in the community, they had a limited choice of mainly private sector accommodation and few opportunities for personal and social development.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1988

Psychiatric morbidity of a long stay hospital population with chronic schizophrenia and implications for future community care.

In the United Kingdom there are plans to close most mental hospitals over the next 10 years. There is continuing uncertainty about the effectiveness of community psychiatric services that will be expected to cope with mental hospital inpatients after discharge, most of whom have schizophrenia. A survey was conducted to assess the severity of illness among such patients and implications for their future care. All 222 patients in non-psychogeriatric long stay wards of a mental hospital who met research diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia were interviewed by two psychiatrists with the comprehensive psychopathological rating scale to establish the prevalence of psychiatric symptomatology. A complete interview was not possible for 28 patients, mainly for reasons related to their schizophrenia. Despite energetic pharmacological and social treatments almost half of the 194 patients interviewed had enduring florid psychotic symptoms that presented as one or more delusions or auditory hallucinations, or both, and a sizable proportion showed behaviour that would set them apart in a community setting. The results illustrate a problem that is still imperfectly understood by policy makers and administrators in central and local government and in health authorities who are responsible for planning and implementing services for psychiatric care in the community.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Collected and neglected: are Oxford hostels for the homeless filling up with disabled psychiatric patients?

OBJECTIVE: To assess the severity of psychiatric symptoms among residents of hostels for homeless people. DESIGN: Survey of residents in two hostels in Oxford, comprising three weeks of background fieldwork, a demographic questionnaire, and rating behaviour over two weeks with a behavioural rating scale (REHAB) and mental state with the brief psychiatric rating scale. SETTING: Two hostels for homeless people in Oxford. SUBJECTS: 146 Medium to long term residents, of whom 48 were selected by hostel workers by the following criteria: continuous residence for at least two months, signs of persistent severe mental disability, and difficulty in coping independently in the community. Two subjects died during the study; three (previously long term psychiatric inpatients) declined to be assessed on the psychiatric scale. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Behavioural disturbance and mental state. RESULTS: Only a third of the total sample had been born in Oxfordshire. Subjects had been accepted into the hostel either by arrangement with the local psychiatric service (22) or straight off the streets (26); 43 had had a previous (non-drug related) psychiatric admission. Subjects were significantly more likely than other residents to have spent longer (greater than 80 weeks) in a hostel in the past three years (p less than 0.02). With reference to norms for deviant behaviour, the 46 subjects assessed showed considerable deviant behaviour (average weekly scores: 0 (11 subjects), 1 (14), 2-3 (16), and greater than or equal to 4 (5] not significantly different from that expected in moderately to severely handicapped psychiatric inpatients (chi 2 = 1.3, df = 3, p greater than 0.7); 22 had scores equivalent to those in most severely handicapped inpatients. Of the 43 subjects assessed with the psychiatric rating scale, 16 had symptoms of neurosis, 29 of florid psychosis, and 32 of a deficit state. Symptoms of deficit state were positively correlated with ratings of low social activity on the behavioural scale (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient 0.30, p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Hostels are having to care for long term severely affected psychiatric patients discharged into the community. The suitability of the services offered to such subjects should be assessed.

Deinstitutionalization↗