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Applying composite luting agent ultrasonically: a successful alternative.

The authors conducted research to determine if sonic vibration affected the viscosity of a composite luting agent. They found that using either an ultrasonic or a sonic scaler can thin composite resin. The thickness of the lute is similar to that resulting from manual loading methods, but it is obtained in much shorter time periods and with lower loads.

Composite Resins↗

Influence of stone mixing agents, impression materials and lubricants on surface hardness and dimension of a dental stone die material.

The influence of different stone mixing agents, impression materials and lubrication methods on the surface hardness of a stone die material has been evaluated. For one impression material the dimensional effect of the mixing agents and lubrication on the dies was also studied. The stone die material was mixed with water or a gypsum hardener and allowed to set on surfaces of glass, agar-agar, polyether, polysulfide and silicone impression materials. The lubrication methods for the stone were mineral oil, water soluble lubricant and mineral oil followed by water soluble lubricant. The surface hardness was measured according to the Brinell test. The Brinell test was chosen after a comparative study of the Brinell, Vickers and Knoop hardness test methods. The results showed that gypsum hardener was preferable to distilled water. The impression materials appear to have influence on the surface hardness of stone. The effect differed on water mixed and hardener mixed stone which emphasizes the importance of the mixing agent. All lubrication decreased the surface hardness of stone. With hardener mixed stone the combination of mineral oil followed by water soluble lubricant seemed preferable. Neither the gypsum hardener nor the lubrication influenced the dimension of the stone die material.

Dental Impression Materials↗

Facet pattern in intact and restored dentitions of young adults. A comparative study.

The attritional dental pattern was studied clinically and on plaster casts in a group of individuals, 17-22 years old, with intact teeth and in a control group with a 'normal' distribution of dental restorations. The following observations were made: 1) all contact areas between occluding teeth exhibited facets; 2) most facets were located on inclines; 3) facets in the fossa bottom occurred oftenest in the control group and often involved fillings; 4) attritional facets on the distal marginal crest of the lower second molars were oftenest found in the control group; 5) denuded dentin in facets occurred oftenest in the control group; and 6) the number of facets and the worn areas were on an average largest in the control group. The findings in this study indicate a difference in the functional activity between the groups and support the hypothesis that dental fillings can induce changes in the neuromuscular pattern of the masticatory system.

Adolescent↗

Determination of the fabricating conditions for the preferable marginal and internal adaptation of the mica crystal castable ceramic crown.

This study was performed to find an acceptable internal adaptation of castable ceramics containing mica and beta-spodumene crystals. The influences of factors, expansion rate of phosphate-bonded investment (A), anisotropic expansion (B), diecoating (C), shrinkage during crystallization (D), and interaction (A x B), and (A x C) were tested by twice repeated experiments under block design according to L8(2)(7) orthogonal array. Estimated mean ranges under the conditions combined with significant factors were judged by considering the criteria of the ideal internal gap (about 50 microm). The ideal marginal fit of less than 50 microm and uniform cement space about 50 microm around the axial wall could be achieved by a combination of optimum levels of A1B1C2D2. However, the estimated mean gap at the cusp tip and central fossa of occlusal inside by this combination were about 120 microm. The near intolerable gaps could not be reduced.

Aluminum Silicates↗

[Reproduction of interocclusal relationship on stone casts].

We fabricate a prosthesis by the indirect method. To fabricate a prosthesis functionally harmonized with the stomatognathic system, the interocclusal relationship must be reproduced on stone casts as accurately as possible. In this study, two subjects (one male, age 28; one female, age 31) were selected, and the occlusal contacts of complete arch stone casts made by three different impression methods were observed and compared with the true occlusal contacts in the intercuspal position in the mouth. To take the interocclusal records, we used a silicone bite checker. The following results were obtained. The occlusal contact points reproduced on the stone casts made by a conventional custom tray and a stock tray were rather low; that is, the number of occlusal contact points was less, and the size of the occlusal contact area was smaller, than in vivo. The states of the occlusal contact on the casts made by the same method differed from each other. On the bite-impression technique, the reproduction of occlusal contact was superior to that of the others. The shape, area, and number of contact regions under 60 micrometers were similar to contact regions under 30 micrometers in the mouth. There was no significant difference in reproduction between the custom tray and the stock tray. It is likely that the results were due to the distortion of the jaws and periodontal tissue during clenching at the intercuspal position, which could not be reproduced on the stone casts made by both the conventional custom and stock trays.

Adult↗

Cast appeal.

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Dental Occlusion↗

[Is the testing for changes in shape of denture base materials meaningful].

The results obtained in measurements of the dimensional behavior of U-shaped specimens correspond to the dimensional behavior of dentures. Part of the dimensional changes found in U-shaped specimens are not observed to the same extent in dentures, but produce interior tension in the denture. The bigger the dimensional changes in the U-shaped specimen, the bigger the dimensional changes in the denture or the tensions in its interior. Thus, the results of the measurements of U-shaped specimens demonstrate the behavior of a clinically used denture. Corresponding guidelines for testing purposes are proposed.

Dental Materials↗

Predictable elastomeric impressions in advanced fixed prosthodontics: a comprehensive review.

Despite advances in dental material technology, the predictable procurement of accurate impressions for the fabrication of complex fixed prosthodontic restorations remains an elusive objective. The technical challenges and potential negative sequelae are exponentially magnified in advanced applications that involve multiple abutments and preparatory phases. A protocol for consistently achieving accurate impressions with the use of polyether impression materials and automatic instrumentation is presented and illustrated with multiple clinical examples. The technique is capable of yielding reliable results in extensive cases and requires minimal support from auxiliary personnel.

Alginates↗