Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Conjunctivitis”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,495 records · Page 83Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Use of carbohydrate probes in conjunction with fluorescence-activated cell sorting to select mutant cell lines of Chlamydomonas with defects in cell surface glycoproteins.

Two carbohydrate-binding probes (the lectin concanavalin A and the anti-carbohydrate monoclonal antibody FMG-1) have been utilized in conjunction with fluorescence-activated cell sorting to select cell lines of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii that contain defects in cell surface-exposed glycoproteins. Two very different selection strategies (sorting cells with the lowest binding for the FMG-1 monoclonal antibody or the highest binding of concanavalin A) yield a class of mutant cells that exhibit a total lack of binding of the monoclonal antibody to cell wall and plasma membrane glycoproteins along with an increased affinity for concanavalin A. Detailed characterization of one such mutant cell line, designated L-23, is provided. The subtle glycosylation defect exhibited by this cell line does not alter the ability of the affected glycoproteins to be targeted to the flagellar membrane and does not affect the expression of flagellar surface motility, a phenomenon that appears to involve the major concanavalin A-binding glycoprotein of the flagellar membrane. This approach has general applicability for dissecting the role of carbohydrate epitopes in the targeting and function of any cell surface glycoprotein for which suitable carbohydrate probes are available.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

A report on drug-induced kerato-conjunctivitis sicca in dogs.

Kerato-conjunctivitis sicca is reported in beagle dogs treated with an antispasmodic compound for 26 weeks during a routine toxicity study. There was a deficiency of lachrymal secretion associated with keratitis and corneal vascularization. Histopathologically, the changes were characterized by vascularization, fibroblast proliferation and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the substantia propria. In some cases, the inflammation also occurred in corneal epithelium, ocular conjunctiva and corneal limbi.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Ectopic umbilical liver in conjunction with biliary atresia: uncommon association.

The case of a neonate with an ectopic liver in the umbilicus in conjunction with biliary atresia in the liver proper and an ectopic pancreas in the jejunum is reported. Following excision of the ectopic umbilical liver and Kasai type 1 hepatic portoenterostomy, bile fistula originating in the anterior inferior area of the right lobe of the liver was a complication, and it was successfully treated by construction of hepaticojejunostomy. No similar case has been reported in English language literature. It is of particular interest that the pathological features of the ectopic liver and the liver proper are quite similar.

Biliary Atresia↗
PubMed1988

Ultrastructural observations on myelinated fibres in experimental diabetes: effect of the aldose reductase inhibitor ponalrestat given alone or in conjunction with insulin therapy.

Six groups of rats were studied over a 12-week period: onset and end controls, untreated diabetics, ponalrestat-treated diabetics, insulin-treated diabetics, and diabetics treated with ponalrestat and insulin. The concentrations of glucose, sorbitol and fructose significantly increased and that of myo-inositol significantly decreased in the sciatic nerve of untreated diabetic animals. Ponalrestat administration completely normalized sorbitol levels and partially corrected fructose and myo-inositol concentrations without altering nerve glucose levels. The biochemical abnormalities were also corrected in both the insulin-treated and insulin and ponalrestat-treated diabetic animals. Myelinated fibre cross-sectional areas and axonal areas were significantly less in the tibial nerve of diabetic animals as compared with age-matched controls. Insulin treatment partially corrected the reduction in fibre and axonal area but teased fibre preparations showed an excess of axonal degeneration as compared with controls, untreated diabetics and ponalrestat-treated diabetics. Ponalrestat given alone or in conjunction with insulin therapy did not correct the reduction in fibre or axonal area and single isolated fibres from diabetic animals treated with ponalrestat and insulin showed a marked excess of axonal degeneration, probably related to hypoglycaemia. The study fails to reveal any significant beneficial effect of aldose reductase inhibition on the structural abnormalities in peripheral nerve in experimental diabetes.

Aldehyde Reductase↗
PubMed1985

Comparative usefulness of cytology and peroxidase activity in conjunction with carcinoembryonic antigen levels for the diagnosis of mammary cancer.

Diagnosis of cancer via measurement of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels has been unreliable in early neoplastic stages. In order to improve diagnostic reliability, other cytological parameters were examined with CEA. Fifty specimens of effusion fluid were obtained from 40 hospitalized patients and the levels of CEA determined by radioimmunoassay in conjunction with application of an immunoperoxidase procedure. Simultaneous morphologic assessment was performed without knowledge of the immunoassay findings. In 8 documented cases of mammary cancer, all effusion fluid specimens had CEA levels of 16-1074 ng/ml, 7 cases had morphologically positive cells, but only 3 had a peroxidase positive reaction. Except for one case of ovarian papillary adenocarcinoma, the remaining patients were cancer free, had CEA levels of less than 15 ng/ml and only 2 cases (including the ovarian tumor patient) gave positive peroxidase responses. The presence of mammary metastatic duct carcinoma correlated 88% with CEA measurements but peroxidase response was not diagnostically helpful.

Body Fluids↗
PubMed1975

Midtrimester abortion induced by serial intravaginal administration of prostaglandin E2 suppositories in conjunction with a contraceptive diaphragm.

Midtrimester abortion was successfully induced in 68 of 69 patients with serial intravaginal administration of prostaglandin E2 suppositories behind a contraceptive diaphragm. The mean abortion time for the successful inductions was 13.07 hours; multiparous patients aborted somewhat faster, mean 12.72 hours, as compared to nulliparous patients, mean 14.22 hours. In 36 patients the PGE2 suppositories were placed behind an intact diaphragm and the mean abortion time was 14.89 hours. In 33 patients the PGE2 suppositories were placed behind a diaphragm modified by having an opening incised in the center, the mean time in these patients was 11.96 hours. Of the 68 successful abortions 59% of the patients aborted in 12 hours or less and 88% aborted within 24 hours. The most frequently encountered side effect was temperature elevation of 2 degrees F or higher which occurred in 68% of the patients. Temperatures returned to normal levels within 4 to 6 hours after the last adminstration of PGE2. Gastrointestinal side effects occurred in 45% of patients, but these side effects were well tolerated and did not require termination of drug administration in any of the patients. Intravaginal administration of PGE2 suppositories is a very effective abortifacient technque during the midtrimester, however the use of PGE2 in conjunction with a diaphragm did not appreciabley improve the technique although the amount of drug administered and the incidence of side effects was somewhat lower than when the PGE2 suppositories are used alone. If a diaphragm is to be used, a modified diaphragm is indicated since it simplifies the clinical management of the abortion, eases administration of the suppositories and permits a more accurate estimation of cervical changes, vaginal bleeding and abortion.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1983

The use of dimenhydrinate in conjunction with dexamethasone for induction of parturition in beef cattle.

Forty-eight crossbred Chianina cows (3 to 5 years of age), with an expected gestation length of 288 days, were randomly divided into four treatment groups to evaluate the use of dimenhydrinate (an antihistamine agent) in conjunction with dexamethasone (DEX) for inducing parturition in beef cattle. Group (A) received a 20 mg dose of DEX (im) on day 282 of gestation and a carrier vehicle (iv) 24 hours later (day 283); Group (B) was given a carrier vehicle (im) on day 282 and 500 mg of dimenhy-drinate (DMH) diluted in 200 ml of 2.5% dextrose-0.9% saline solution given (iv) on day 283 and Group (C) received 20 mg of DEX (im) on day 282 and 500 mg of DMH in solution (iv) on day 283 of gestation. The remaining 12 cows assigned to Group (D) were not handled and were allowed to calve under natural conditions. The number of cows calving and percent calving within 60 hours after the first injection were: 10(91%), none(0%) and 12(100%) for the DEX, DMH and DEX plus DMH groups, respectively. The mean gestation length of the control cows in Group (D) was 288.6 days. Frequency of dystocia was: 18.2, 8.3, 0 and 0% and retained placentae (>/=24 hours) was: 72.8, 16.6, 33.3 and 0% for DEX, DMH, DEX plus DMH and control groups, respectively. In this study, a 20 mg dose of DEX (im) followed 24 hours later with 500 mg of DMH (iv) was more successful for calving induction than when DEX or DMH was used alone. The combination DEX and DMH treatment induced calving in a shorter interval from treatment (P<.05) and decreased the incidence of retained placentae (P<.01) when compared with those induced following DEX treatment.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1996

An investigation into the immunogenicity of a GnRH analogue in male rats: a comparison of the toxicity of various adjuvants used in conjunction with GnRH-glycys.

Immunization of male Copenhagen Fischer rats with a gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue, conjugated to PPD resulted in high levels of antibody being produced which disrupted gonadal function in male rats. The antibody reduced serum testosterone levels and subsequently suppressed spermatogenesis. Alternatives to Freund's adjuvant were tested, namely, aluminium hydroxide and non-ionic surfactant vesicles (NISV). The study showed that aluminium hydroxide was as effective as Freund's adjuvant and less toxic, in both BCG and non-BCG primed animals. However, NISV were completely non-toxic and most effective in conjunction with BCG priming. The data obtained showed that NISV have the potential to be used as an alternative to FCA and aluminium hydroxide-based adjuvants.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1988

Open reduction of condylar fractions of the mandible in conjunction with repair of discal injury: a preliminary report.

Fractures of the condylar process of the mandible may require open reduction and internal fixation in some instances. In previous reports on the management of such cases, no discussion has focused on the associated soft tissue injuries of the temporomandibular joint. In this article, the authors review their experiences with open reduction of condylar fractures in conjunction with soft tissue reconstruction of the disc and associated structures.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Long-lasting depression of parallel fiber-Purkinje cell transmission induced by conjunctive stimulation of parallel fibers and climbing fibers in the cerebellar cortex.

In rabbit cerebellar cortex, local stimulation of parallel fibers induced field potentials with two negative peaks, n1 representing conducting spikes of parallel fibers and n2 postsynaptic excitation in dendrites of Purkinje cells and other cortical cells. Conjunctive stimulation of parallel fibers and climbing fibers at 4 Hz for 30-120 sec caused a significant depression of n2 potential which lasted for at least 1 h. Such an effect could not be produced by stimulation of climbing fibers or parallel fibers alone. These observations support the plasticity assumption in the Marr-Albus model of the cerebellum.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Determination of the muscarinic agent [(3-(3-1-butylthio)-1,2,5-thiadiazol-4-yl)-1-azabicyclo-2.2.2-oct ane], in rat, rabbit, and monkey plasma, using high-performance liquid chromatography in conjunction with tandem mass spectrometry.

A method for determining a selective muscarinic agent, LY297802 (compound I), [(3-(3-1-butylthio)-1,2,5-thiadiazol-4-yl)-1-azabicyclo-2.2.2-octa ne], indicated in the treatment of pain, in rat, rabbit, and monkey plasma is described. The analytes, including an internal standard, were extracted from plasma at basic pH with hexane. The organic fraction was evaporated to dryness and the residue reconstituted with mobile phase. The analytes were detected utilizing HPLC in conjunction with electrospray (ES) tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS). The limit of quantitation was 0.25 ng/ml, and the response was linear to at least 100 ng/ml.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Development and application of a calibration regression routine in conjunction with linear and non-linear chromatographic detector responses.

Linear regression is widely used in the calibration of chromatographic assays even in conjunction with some chromatographic detectors which show significant non-linearity in their response characteristics. A calibration routine, based upon the curve y = axlnx+bx+c is presented which describes the non-linear behaviour of some chromatographic systems, including electron capture, nitrogen-phosphorus and UV photometric detectors, and gives comparable results to weighted linear regression with assays showing linear concentration versus response relationships. The ratio of the coefficients a and b in the equation allows quantification of the deviation from linearity and provides a more sensitive indicator of linearity than the correlation coefficient often quoted with linear regression.

Blood Chemical Analysis↗
PubMed1987

Detection of Mycobacterium avium-Mycobacterium intracellulare in blood cultures using concentrated and unconcentrated blood in conjunction with a radiometric detection system.

Studies were performed in order to determine optimal methods for isolating mycobacteria from blood. The combined use of a lysis-centrifugation (Isolator) system and a radiometric-detection system (Bactec) was compared to the use of either unconcentrated blood or centrifuged blood pellet in conjunction with the Bactec mycobacterial system. Results showed that for cultures with greater than 10 colony forming units (CFU) per ml of blood, the use of unconcentrated blood and centrifuged blood pellet was as sensitive as use of the Isolator concentrate. For cultures with lower colony counts (less than 10 CFU/ml), however, Isolator concentrate was consistently better than either centrifuged or unconcentrated blood. Since over half of our positive cultures had low colony counts, the use of Isolator concentrate inoculated into either a Bactec mycobacterial culture vial or onto Middlebrook agar slants is recommended over the use of either centrifuged blood pellet or unconcentrated blood inoculated into a Bactec mycobacterial culture vial.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1994

Induction of NF-AT in normal B lymphocytes by anti-immunoglobulin or CD40 ligand in conjunction with IL-4.

We show here that ligation of surface immunoglobulin or CD40 receptors in conjunction with interleukin-4 induces the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NF-AT) in normal murine B cells, which is inhibited by cyclosporin (CsA). Lipopolysaccharide, which activates B cells by a Ca(2+)-independent, CsA-resistant pathway, does not induce NF-AT. The NF-AT complex in T cells and B cells appears to be identical, comprising both Fos and Jun proteins and the 120 kDa cytosolic component of NF-AT (NF-ATp). Our transfection experiments using a trimerized NF-AT site linked to the minimal IL-2 promoter driving luciferase activity demonstrate that NF-AT is functional in A20 B-lymphoma cells. These results therefore suggest that the induction of NF-AT forms part of the B cell response to both cross-linking antigens and T cell-generated signals.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Ultrasound detection of fetal anomalies in conjunction with first-trimester nuchal translucency screening: a feasibility study.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a fetal anatomy survey in conjunction with first-trimester nuchal translucency (NT) screening ultrasound in an unselected pregnant population performed by sonographers. STUDY DESIGN: This was a prospective observational study of women presenting for NT screening for chromosomal defects. An anatomic survey was performed after a standardized protocol with a maximum scan time of 30 minutes. RESULTS: Three hundred twenty-five singleton fetuses (11+0 to 13+6 weeks) were examined and pregnancy outcome was available for 300 (92.3%) of cases. In 89 (24.6%) cases, transvaginal ultrasound was performed. The following fetal structures were seen in 95% of cases: cranium and intracranial anatomy, face, cord insertion, stomach, and all 4 limbs. The bladder was visualized in 89.5% of cases, the cardiac 4 chamber view in 84%, and the spine in only 45% of cases. Complete anatomy was seen in 109 (33%). Crown rump length greater than 55 mm and sonographer experience were important factors contributing to anatomic visibility. Of a total of 6 congenital defects in this cohort, 1 was detected in the first trimester (neural tube defect), 4 at the 18- to 20-week anatomic scan, and 1 postnatally. CONCLUSION: A complete anatomy survey was successful in 33% of first-trimester fetuses in a time-limited sonographer based screening program. Since some anomalies are not evident in the first trimester, the 18- to 20-week scan remains the gold standard.

Congenital Abnormalities↗
PubMed2005

Reliability of ventricular remodeling as a surrogate for use in conjunction with clinical outcomes in heart failure.

As the number of treatments for heart failure (HF) increases and mortality decreases in the setting of clinical trials, the size of the study population required to demonstrate an incremental difference in survival with each new agent may become prohibitive. There has been increasing interest in identifying and validating surrogate end points for assessing HF treatments. The strong association between ventricular remodeling and clinical outcomes supports the incorporation of measures of ventricular volumes into clinical trials of new therapies for HF. A finding of reduced left ventricular volumes renders a particular survival signal more credible. It is therefore appropriate to consider ventricular remodeling in conjunction with outcome events in the construct of clinical trials in HF.

Heart Failure↗
PubMed2003

Measurement of plasma hydroperoxide concentration by FOX-1 assay in conjunction with triphenylphosphine.

INTRODUCTION: Hydroperoxides are well-recognized reactive oxygen species which are associated with oxidative stress, a phenomenon of current clinical interest as oxidative stress is associated with a number of disease condition. Ferrous ion oxidation xylenol orange (FOX) methods of hydroperoxide estimation has outdated other methods available for hydroperoxide estimation. Two versions FOX assays are described in the literature, FOX-1 and FOX-2, in which FOX-1 is more sensitive. METHODS: we increased the sensitivity of FOX-1 assay by stabilizing the reagent pH 1.7-1.8. Analogous to FOX-2 assay, we have modified FOX-1 assay by using it in conjunction with triphenylphosphine and butylated hydroxytoluene, thus increasing the specificity of FOX-1 assay for hydroperoxide. By modified FOX-1 method, we estimated plasma hydroperoxide concentration of normal human subjects and of diabetic patients and compared with FOX-2 method. RESULTS: The FOX-1 method showed a significant high value of plasma hydroperoxide concentration compared to FOX-2 method both in normal subjects and diabetic patients with a significant correlation. By modified FOX-1 method, the recovery percentage of cumene hydroperoxide was better in biological samples when compared to FOX-2 method. CONCLUSION: The modified FOX-1 method is equally specific for hydroperoxide determination when compared to FOX-2 but is more sensitive.

Ascitic Fluid↗
PubMed2005

Identification of two proteins required for conjunction and regular segregation of achiasmate homologs in Drosophila male meiosis.

In Drosophila males, homologous chromosomes segregate by an unusual process involving physical connections not dependent on recombination. We have identified two meiotic proteins specifically required for this process. Stromalin in Meiosis (SNM) is a divergent member of the SCC3/SA/STAG family of cohesin proteins, and Modifier of Mdg4 in Meiosis (MNM) is one of many BTB-domain proteins expressed from the mod(mdg4) locus. SNM and MNM colocalize along with a repetitive rDNA sequence known to function as an X-Y pairing site to nucleolar foci during meiotic prophase and to a compact structure associated with the X-Y bivalent during prometaphase I and metaphase I. Additionally, MNM localizes to autosomal foci throughout meiosis I. These proteins are mutually dependent for their colocalization, and at least MNM requires the function of teflon, another meiotic gene. SNM and MNM do not colocalize with SMC1, suggesting that the homolog conjunction mechanism is independent of cohesin.

Animals↗