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At least 1,495 records · Page 83Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Contribution to the question of keratodermia palmo-plantaris insularis et striata. The phenomenon of the focal character of phenotypic expression of the pathological gene (author's transl)].

Two siblings with symptoms of Keratodermia palmo-plantaris areata and striata are described. The late father had some inherited disease of the skin. Neither ophthalmologic system nor a defect of intelligence existed in these cases. In the first case aminoacids in the blood and urine were examined, but neither thyrosinaemia nor thyrosinuria was found. The clinical signs in the siblings differed, and this difference was dependent from environmental factors. The focal character of the phenotypic expression of the pathologic gen of this inherited abnormality as well as other inherited diseases has been stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Correlative changes in the Leydig's cells and male secondary sexual characters (SSC) in a freshwater fish Mystus (M) vittatus.

The study of testicular steroidogenic tissue in the freshwater fish Mystus (M) vittatus has been made by employing histochemical techniques to localize lipids. The Leydig's cells are steroidogenic. Their functional significance has been correlated with secondary sexual characters (SSC). The SSC have been found to follow a clear cut testicular cycle. The development of SSC is reflected by the abundance, numerical variations, size difference, hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the interstitial Leydig's cells. Functional identity of Sertoli cells in the development of SSC seems doubtful.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Sex character of human movement answers in the Rorschach test in transsexual and transvestite patients].

As a complement to a former study on the sexual character of the kinaesthetic human movement responses in the Rorschach tests of healthy and neurotic men and women, the same characteristic was investigated in Rorschach records of transsexuals and transvestites from the Psychiatric Out-Patient Department of the University Hospital of Zurich. In none of these groups was the distribution of masculine, feminine and neuter movement responses congruent with that in one of the preceding groups. The anatomically male transsexuals who desired a change of sex to female (TXmw) gave considerably more interpretations of the opposite or goal sex than did the anatomically female (TXwm). The two transsexual groups TXmw and TXwm do not constitute mirror images of each other. Whereas the mean experience type of most groups was not far from ambiequality, the TXmw and the male transvestites (TVmw) were decidedly introverted. All three of the newly studied groups gave more space responses than would be expected in a "normal" Rorschach record, especially the TXwm and the TVmw. The difference in the frequency of space responses between the TXmw and TXwm was statistically significant.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Proteolytic degradation of native hemoglobin and its constituent parts--isolated subunits and globin. I. Kinetic data and the character of the process of the breakdown of native forms].

The rates of proteolytic breakdown for native human hemoglobin (Hb) in CNmet-and oxy-forms, for isolated native alpha- and beta-chains of human Hb with deprotected SH-groups and for apo-Hb--globin at constant temperature 20 degrees as well as for metHb and globin in the temperature range 4-25 degrees were studied. The proteolysis of oxy-forms of proteins was performed in the presence of CN- to prevent the appearance in solution of quickly splitted aqua and hydroxy met-forms. Pepsin (at pH 5.5), trypsin (at pH 7.0 and 8.5) and protease VI (pronase) (at pH 7.0 and 8.5) were used as proteases. The rate of proteolysis was registered simultaneously by proteolysate precipitation in concentrated salt solutions (to determine the content of the native form), by precipitation in aqueous solution of trichloroacetic or perchloric acid and by colouring the terminal NH2-groups by ninhidrin in the total proteolysate. For most cases the data of all the three independent methods fell on a single kinetic curve, each pair protein--protease being represented by their individual curves. Therefore the breakdown of all the protein studied possesses a burst-like ("one-by-one", "all-or-none") character. The protein resistance to the attack by proteolytic enzymes increases in the following order: globin less than oxy-alpha-chain less than metHb less than oxy-beta-chain less than HbO2 congruent to CNmetHb. The use of control repeated proteolysis has made it possible to prove that differences in the rate of proteolytic degradation are not the consequence of spontaneous denaturation of the least unstable forms of proteins in the course of proteolytic reaction but are predetermined by the conformational state of the native macromolecule.

Globins↗
PubMed1983

Energy and nutrient calculations using an Optical Character Reader system.

A new application of the Optical Character Reader (OCR) system for dietary data tabulation has been presented. Comparison of the reproducibility of energy and nutrient values, when hand calculation, on-line computer, and OCR methods of calculation are used, revealed no significant differences. The OCR system increased turn-around time for obtaining results, but use of a clinician's time was greatly reduced in comparison to either the hand calculation or the on-line computer method. Once the initial investment for an OCR system had been made, a significant reduction was realized in the cost of a clinician's time used for energy and nutrient calculations. When the factors of reproducibility, time, and cost were considered, this study found the OCR method for dietary calculations as acceptable as either hand calculation or on-line computer methods. Clinicans using the OCR or hand calculation method did not need computer facilities, but computer keyboard terminals were required for the on-line method.

Computers↗
PubMed1981

Leptospira parva sp.npv.: some morphological and biological characters.

Two lines of a spirochete were isolated as contaminants in a culture of a leptospire and from a bottle of uninoculated medium. Studies on morphological and biological characters led to the conclusion that these lines represent a new species of the genes Leptospira, Leptospira parva sp. nov. The morphology of the cells was rather similar to that of previously examined leptospires, but the cells were shorter and had a shorter wavelength (more tightly wound). Furthermore, the surface layer of cells of L. parva formed numerous small blebs with no apparent substructure when detached during preparation for negative staining, while the surface layer of previously studied leptospires formed cross-striated tubules under similar conditions. L. parva shows biological characteristics of both parasitic and saprophytic leptospires. The deoxyribonucleic acid base composition of cells of this organism differed from that found in leptospires, as well as from that found in cells of Leptonema illini.

Base Composition↗
PubMed1981

Character of mitral valve flow in left atrial tumor.

The pulsed Doppler echocardiography (PDE) was used to evaluate the character of mitral valve flow in a large atrial tumor. The tumor obstructed the mitral orifice during diastole. PDE findings, however, showed normal triphasic diastolic flow within the actual mitral orifice and no changes typical for mitral stenosis. The same turbulence pattern as in mitral stenosis was detected in the left ventricle. In addition, PDE revealed the presence of mild mitral regurgitation in agreement with angiography.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

[The application of a numerical method to the taxonomy of the genus Leishmania Ross, 1903,--The recognition of 146 original lines in the Old World. Use of allozymic characters. Epidemiological and phyletic significance (author's transl)].

Using enzyme characters determined by starch gel electrophoresis, the authors have applied the method of Numerical Taxonomy to the genus Leishmania Ross, 1903. Eight isoenzymes (PGI, ME, PGM, GOT, G-6-PDH, 6-PGDH, MDH and IDH) of 146 Old World strains are examined. 35 electromorphs, corresponding to equivalent number of isoenzymes, are identified by this method, and then grouped into 14 zymodemes. These zymodemes were used as Operational Taxonomy Units (OTU) and pairs were compared, using Jaccard's index of similarity. A matrix of association was constructed using these indices and it forms the basis for the taxonomic scheme elaborated. The final relationships are exhibited in the agglomerative dendrogram, constructed using complete linkage. The separation into phylons is confirmed by correspondence analysis. It is concluded that the original lines fall into five groups corresponding to the complexes Leishmania donovani, Leishmania tropica, Leishmania major, Leishmania aethiopica and cf. Leishmania tarentolae. The phylons as recognised by Numerical Taxonomy, can be equated with the taxa of traditional systematics. The phyletic significance of the individualized phylons is then provided by a genetic approach. Thus, it is possible to compute the genetic distances of Nei with allozyme frequency values of 0,0.5 and 1. The new dendrogram is similar to the previous one: Leishmania major constitutes an homogeneous taxon, long isolated from the others. Leishmania donovani and Leishmania tropica have retained a nonnegligible amount of genetic similarity, attesting both a common origin and a more recent evolutionary divergence.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Multiphasic character of the kinetics of cytochrome P-450 destruction in microsomal LM2- and LM4-forms in the reaction with cumene hydroperoxide].

Cytochrome P-450 destruction kinetics by cumene hydroperoxide has been studied in LM2 and LM4 microsomal and purified forms. Three destruction phases of cytochrome P-450 were shown to be observed irrespective of the source and integration degree, cytochrome P-450 pseudomonomolecular consumption rate constants being dependent in a complex way upon the cumene hydroperoxide initial concentration. The radical character of cytochrome P-450 destruction was proved by experiments with 1-naphtol. The mechanism of radicals formation is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Use of morphological characters in the study of Simulium damnosum s.l. populations in West Africa.

Morphological characters were tested which could be used to compare and to associate Stimulium damnosum s.l. populations reinvading the area of the Onchocerciasis Control Programme in the Volta River basin with those of potential source areas. The savanna cytospecies S. damnosum s.str. and S. sirbanum could be distinguished from the forest species S. sanctipauli, S. soubrense and S. yahense by the size and shape of the antennae and the colour of the basal wing tufts. Wing tufts of S. squamosum were of variable colour. Results did not confirm morphological keys for the complex which used counts of maxiillary teeth to separate S. damnosum s.str. and S. sirbanum, and numbers of spinules on the radial vein of the wings to separate S. yahense and S. squamosum. Populations of the S. damnosum complex could be characterised by morphometric methods. Measurements of the length of the thorax provided a rapid and easy means to distinguish different populations. The length of the thorax was positively correlated with the length of the wings. By using several measurements in combination populations could be more clearly characterised.

Africa, Western↗
PubMed1980

Papaverine-induced changes in physiological characters of Ehrlich ascites tumor cell membranes.

Physiological characters of Ehrlich ascites tumor cell membranes were altered by papaverine. The agent induced changes in membrane potential as monitored by cyanine dye (diS-C3-(5)) technique. Papaverine also strongly inhibited increase in membrane permeability to K+ ion induced by lysolecithin. In addition, papaverine inhibited oxygen uptake of the tumor cells and oxidative phosphorylation of their mitochondria, and slightly increased membrane fluidity. The results suggest that papaverine maintains compartmentation of K+ ion, energy metabolism, and membrane fluidity by regulating intracellular mitochondrial metabolism of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The throat musculature of Sphenodon, with comments on the primitive character states of the throat muscles in lizards.

The throat musculature of Sphenodon is described and figured, and compared with that of lizards. In many features of its throat musculature, Sphenodon may well represent a primitive lepidosaurian pattern, comparable to some extent to the chelonian structure of throat musculature. To infer primitive character states within extant lizards, one cannot simply extrapolate from the condition observed in Sphenodon. In fact, it must be assumed that a rapid change of many features of the throat muscles occurred during the early evolution of lizards in order to provide the basis for further differentiation with extant lacertilian infraorders.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Population relationships among historical and modern indigenous Siberians based on anthropometric characters.

A comparison of anthropometric data recently collected from a modern population of Evenki and data collected from a group of Evenki at the turn of the century by the Jesup expedition (Boas 1903) reveals a pattern of significant changes over this time period. The modern Evenki exhibit larger sitting height and biacromial breadth but smaller bizygomatic and nasal breadth and a shorter face. Although the differences in the postcranial characters might be attributable to improvements in health and nutrition over time, those of the head and face might also indicate increased gene flow, perhaps from European populations. The comparative analysis of the anthropometric data was expanded to a multivariate approach by use of canonical variate analysis. This analysis was performed using data from the 10 populations sampled during the Jesup expedition along with the data from a sample of modern Evenki. In general, a pattern of relationships emerged, reflecting known population interactions and linguistic affiliations to a certain extent. However, the sample of modern Evenki differed substantially from all the other samples in the analysis. Although such a separation of the modern Evenki from this set of historical Siberian populations may be the result of a secular trend; it is also highly probable that it reflects new patterns of gene flow resulting from interactions and events associated with Russian colonial expansion and in this century the establishment of the Soviet state.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

The character of endogenous retrovirus in pancreatic beta-cells of NOD mice.

The character of retrovirus type C in NOD mouse pancreatic-beta-cells was investigated. First, the in vitro response of retrovirus type C to glucose stimulation was examined. When the pancreatic islets of control NON mice were observed with an electron microscopy retrovirus types C could not be detected in the beta-cells with or without glucose stimulation. Retrovirus type C particles and intracisternal type A particles (IAPs) in NOD mouse pancreatic beta-cells increased by glucose stimulation, but the increase in retrovirus type C differed from that of IAPs. The clusters of retrovirus type C were found in some beta-cells, whereas IAPs were scattered in beta-cells. Next, we investigated the expression of retrovirus type C transcript in NOD mouse pancreatic islets. From polymerase chain reaction analysis using two primers of retrovirus type C designed from a conserved U3 region, a major product was found to be endogenous polytropic retrovirus (Pmv). The subcloned PCR probe and oligonucleotide probes specific for Pmv and modified polytropic retrovirus were used for Northern blot analysis. Pancreatic islets from NOD and NON mice (control mice) contained 8.4-kb and 3.0-kb Pmv transcripts. The quantity of transcripts of Pmv in NOD mouse pancreatic beta-cells were the same as that in NON mice. The transcript level of islets was much higher than those of thymus and liver. The appearance of retrovirus type C particles in beta-cells of NOD mice may involve the mechanisms by which diabetes is generated in NOD mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Sublateral hypodermal chords in Haemonchus (Nematoda: Trichostrongyloidea): description and potential as a systematic character.

Prominent sublateral hypodermal chords (SHC) are described in Haemonchus spp. Four large SHC are located 1 muscle cell away from the lateral chords from the level of the middle of the esophagus to midbody. The SHC are largest in midbody and merge with the lateral chords at about 65% of the body length from the anterior end. With the aid of transmission electron microscopy, a band of nerve tissue was located parallel and medial to the SHC. Haemonchus spp. and Mecistocirrus digitatus have SHC that are so large they can be identified in thick freehand midbody cross sections cut with a cataract knife. Because SHC have not been described in other Trichostrongylidae, their presence in members of the Haemonchinae may have value as a systematic character.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Incidence of breast cancer in the Rhône area--influence of urban or rural character of the communities and of the population density].

The specific breast cancer register created in 1988 in the Rhône department demonstrated a high incidence of breast cancer among the women who live in this department (world standardised incidence rate = 79.4). This report presents the results according to two geographical aspects: the urban or rural structure of the area of residence and the population density. These analysis demonstrated an association between the high incidence of female breast cancer and the urban character of the department. However the results of incidence in the urban and rural zone were heterogeneous. The high incidence of breast cancer in the North of the department corresponding to a vineyard region confirmed this association.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Genetic analysis of a polygenic system of a quantitative character after negative and positive selection. I. General characteristics of the polygenic system].

Genetic analysis of phenotypic expression of the quantitative character controlled by an oligogenic mutation radius incompletus (ri) and a polygenic system in Drosophila melanogaster was carried out. Flies from the control line riC and two contrasting selection lines, riSR (positive selection) and riSN (negative selection) were crossed to the wild-type line riN. Proximal and distal segments of the longitudinal wing vein were measured in F2 ri/ri homozygotes. RiC and riN lines were shown to carry sets of polygenes with equivalent phenotypic contribution while selection lines (riSP and riSN) had an excess of polygenes of positive and negative effect, respectively. Striking similarity in some features of the polygenic system and localization of mobile genetic elements in the chromosomes of the lines was demonstrated.

Animals↗