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At least 1,495 records · Page 83Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Redefining AIDS: towards a modification of the current AIDS case definition.

AIDS is defined by the occurrence of an opportunistic infection or tumor considered indicative of advanced infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Even though recent modifications have improved the widely used AIDS case definition issued by the World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the modified version has fallen short of generating a globally functional instrument for the surveillance of HIV-related infections. The clinical AIDS case definition should be as comprehensive as possible. In many countries, only the diagnosis of an AIDS-defining illness will grant the affected patient social benefits or access to medical care. An expanded AIDS case definition is also likely to improve surveillance of HIV-associated morbidity and mortality; increase the awareness of emerging infections; increase the number of clinical endpoints in clinical trials; and facilitate the introduction of diagnostic tests, screening programs, and preventive measures. Examples of opportunistic infections and tumors that could be considered in future modifications of the AIDS case definition are discussed in detail.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1996

Bacillary angiomatosis in an immunocompetent child.

Bacillary angiomatosis (BA) is a pathological process characterized by prominent vascular proliferation secondary to organisms of the genus Rochalimaea. BA has been most commonly associated with HIV-1+ patients, but has also been reported rarely in other immune-suppressed patients and in a small group of patients with no demonstrated immune suppression. Even in immune-suppressed children, BA is extremely rare. We report a 5-year-old girl with no apparent immune suppression and no risk factors for HIV-1+ disease, who presented with a skin lesion that histopathologically was diagnostic of BA.

Abscess↗
PubMed1994

Detection of Rochalimaea henselae DNA by polymerase chain reaction from suppurative nodes of children with cat-scratch disease.

A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was designed to amplify DNA from Rochalimaea henselae, Rochalimaea quintana and Afipia felis in the purulent material from lymph nodes in three patients with clinical cat-scratch disease (CSD) and two patients with lymphadenitis from other causes. All of the patients with CSD had positive immunofluorescent antibody serology for R. henselae, while none of the controls was positive. PCR amplification confirmed the presence of R. henselae DNA and the absence of R. quintana and A. felis DNA in the purulent material from CSD patients. PCR samples from control patients were negative. The PCR amplification of R. henselae DNA was performed quickly and with great sensitivity and specificity. It confirmed the presence of R. henselae in the CSD patients and eliminated the need for more extensive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.

Bartonella henselae↗
PubMed1998

Prospective randomized double blind placebo-controlled evaluation of azithromycin for treatment of cat-scratch disease.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of azithromycin in the treatment of patients with typical cat-scratch disease. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. SETTING: Large military medical center and its referring clinics. PATIENTS: Active duty military members and their dependents with laboratory-confirmed, clinically typical cat-scratch disease. INTERVENTION: Study participants assigned by randomization to treatment with oral azithromycin or placebo for 5 days. OUTCOME MEASURES: Lymph node volume was calculated using three dimensional ultrasonography at entry and at weekly intervals. The ultrasonographer was blinded to the treatment groups. Endpoint evaluations were predetermined as time in days to 80% resolution of the initial total lymph node volume. RESULTS: Demographic and clinical data showed that the azithromycin and placebo treatment groups were comparable at entry although the placebo group tended to be older. Eighty percent decrease of initial lymph node volume was documented in 7 of 14 azithromycin-treated patients compared with 1 of 15 placebo-treated controls during the first 30 days of observation (P = 0.026). After 30 days there was no significant difference in rate or degree of resolution between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of patients with typical cat-scratch disease with oral azithromycin for five days affords significant clinical benefit as measured by total decrease in lymph node volume within the first month of treatment.

Adolescent↗