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At least 1,477 records · Page 82Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

[The development and application of computer assisted photogrammetric-system of facial soft tissue running under multiple facilities for taking image].

The photogrammetric-system was developed by using multimedia computer, colour television camera, SE100 video blaster, Newsketch 1212 HR digitizer and by using Visual Basic language. It ran under Windows 3.1 and Windows 95. The features of this system: 1. It had three kinds of functions: photogrammetric function for frontal and profile facial soft tissue, function for managing file and function for forming dynamic data base. 2. It ran under different facilities for taking image (television camera with video blaster, digitizer, scanner) speedily and specificly, and had very friendly interface, and was of multimedia. The application of this system: 1. assisting diagnosing, making plan for treatment and observing results of treatment in clinic of orthodontics, orthopedics and facial plastics, 2. assisting analysing the features of facial soft tissue about certain people, 3. assisting the multimedia teaching.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Clinical study of preoperative orthodontic treatment for patients with cleft lip and palate].

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the indication and time of preoperative orthodontic treatment for the patients with cleft lip and palate. METHODS: 16 cleft lip and palate patients (BCLP 6, UCLP 10) with severe cross-bite were selected. Edgewise appliance was used for the alignment and upper arch was expanded with quadhelix. RESULTS: After the orthodontic treatment, upper and lower arches were well aligned and the arch form was normal. Decompensation was achieved. Model surgery revealed that the upper and lower arches were harmonious. CONCLUSION: Preoperative orthodontic treatment is the key point to ensure the success of the surgery and to prevent relapse. Orthodontic/surgical approach can improve the patients' profile and function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Comparison of the efficacy and safety of pravastatin and simvastatin in heart transplantation.

AIMS: Data on the safety and efficacy of HMG CoA reductase inhibitors in managing dyslipidemia in heart transplant recipients is inadequate. We undertook this study to evaluate the comparative safety and efficacy of simvastatin and pravastatin in lowering lipids in heart transplant recipients. METHODOLOGY: Forty eight patients (38 males) who received heart transplantation between 1995 and 1997, and who had no contraindications to statin therapy or history of myopathy were randomized to receive either pravastatin (n=24) or simvastatin (n=24) for six months. Detailed fasting lipid profiles, hepatic function tests, and serum creatinine phosphokinase were obtained regularly. Baseline and six month characteristics were compared using the unpaired student t test for continuous variables and Chi-square analysis or Fisher's exact test, as appropriate. RESULTS: Baseline total cholesterol levels, LDL cholesterol levels, HDL cholesterol levels, and triglyceride levels were similar in the two groups. At six months, the total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were greatly reduced in both groups, with greater reductions in the simvastatin group than in the pravastatin group. Only modest increases were noted in HDL cholesterol levels in the two groups. No significant adverse effects were noted, and no complications with drug withdrawals occurred. Patient compliance exceeded 97%. CONCLUSION: Simvastatin and pravastatin are safe and very effective in total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol lowering in heart transplant recipients, with simvastatin being more efficacious than pravastatin in lipid lowering in this group of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Intravascular haemolysis: a potential missed diagnosis.

Raised serum bilirubin is a common finding as part of a routine "liver function test" profile. This case describes a patient with a raised serum bilirubin that was eventually found to be caused by intravascular haemolysis. The tests that confirmed the cause were instigated by clinical biochemistry staff but not before the patient had undergone unnecessary invasive procedures and had the diagnosis delayed by some time. The case is a reminder to biochemistry and haematology laboratories and clinical staff to investigate the possibility of haemolysis as well as hepatitis and Gilbert's disease as a cause of an isolated raised bilirubin.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Local immunological markers of different rate of growth of uterine myoma.

The aim of our work was to establish the peculiarities of phenotype profile and functional activity of peritoneal immunocompetent cells of women with different rate of myoma growth. Forty three women with uterine myoma (main group) and 16 healthy women (control group) were recruited for study. According to the growth rate and tumor's size the main group was divided into two clinical subgroups: (1) women with stable small size of uterine myoma (23 patients), (2) women with large size rapidly growing myoma (20 patients). The expression of CD markers on the surface of peritoneal fluid (PF) lymphocytes and bactericidal and adhesive activity of macrophages were studied. It was found that in women with stable small myomas both lymphocytes and macrophages in PF were activated. In women with rapidly growing large myomas cellular reactions seemed to be inhibited and the impairment of maturation and differentiation of lymphocytes was observed. It can be suggested that local immune response is directly connected with the rate of myoma growth.

Biomarkers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The role of glycemic index in type 2 diabetes.

Evidence suggests several benefits to consuming carbohydrates with a low glycemic index (GI), Including weight reduction and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. A low-GI diet might alter beta cell function, lipid profile, and hypercoagulability.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed2004

The cancer/testis genes: review, standardization, and commentary.

Cancer/testis (CT) antigens are immunogenic in cancer patients, exhibit highly tissue-restricted expression, and are considered promising target molecules for cancer vaccines. To date, 44 CT gene families have been identified and their expression studied in numerous cancer types. For example, bladder cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, and melanoma are high CT gene expressors, with 11/20 (55%), 17/33 (51%) and 17/32 (53%) of the CT transcripts examined by RT-PCR detected in 20% or more of the specimens examined, respectively. Breast and prostate cancer can be considered moderate CT gene expressors, with 12/32 (37%) and 6/20 (30%) CT transcripts having an expression frequency >20%, respectively, while renal and colon cancer are low CT gene expressors, with only 3/33 (9%) and 4/25 (16%) CT transcripts having an expression frequency >20%, respectively. In normal tissues, standardized RT-PCR experiments showed that 19/43 CT genes were testis-restricted, 10/43 CT genes were tissue-restricted (mRNA detected in 2 or fewer non-gametogenic tissues), 9/43 CT genes were differentially expressed (mRNA detected in 3-6 non-gametogenic tissues), and 5/43 CT genes were ubiquitously expressed. With the exception of testis-restricted CT transcripts, all remaining CT transcripts were expressed in normal pancreas. In terms of immunogenicity, 14/29 testis/tissue-restricted CT gene families have been shown to induce a cellular and/or humoral immune response in humans. In view of the expanding list of CT genes, a CT gene database was created to standardize CT nomenclature and accumulate relevant data regarding their expression profiles, immunogenicity, function (where known), gene structure and location, and orthologous groups.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Modification of clinical profile of stroke in atrial fibrillation patients. Effect of antithrombotic treatment].

BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation is present in 24% of the population over 60 and it increases the risk of stroke by 2,4% 3%/year. Antithrombotic treatment is considered as the treatment of choice for cardioembolic stroke prevention in this patients. As far as we know there are not relevant data about the influence of these treatments on the type of stroke that may develop in these patients. AIM: Analyze whether there are differences in the clinical profile and functional prognosis after stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation depending on the type of treatment they were on at the time of occurrence of the event. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We identified 67 patients who were admitted consecutively to our stroke unit with a stroke and atrial fibrillation over a period of 2 years. Patients were classified according to the type of antithrombotic treatment they were on. Functional prognosis was estimated by Rankin score at discharge. RESULTS: Treated patient showed a non significant tendency to suffer less severe strokes and present a better functional situation at discharge than those who were not on prophylactic treatment. Treated patients had a significant higher prevalence of previous TIA (44,2% vs 9,1%; p= 0,0042) and HBP (81,4% vs 52%; p= 0,041) than non treated patients. Embolic strokes were more frequent in non treated patients. CONCLUSION: Antithrombotic treatment not only prevents strokes but may also contribute to the development of less severe strokes with a better functional prognosis in patients with AF and does not contribute to increase complications in these group of patients.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

A simplified low-cost approach to antibiotic resistance profiling for faecal source tracking.

Antibiotic resistance profiling (ARP) is a potentially useful method for distinguishing faecal bacteria according to host source. This phenotypic approach has cost benefits over genotypic methods, but existing protocols are time-consuming and manual data handling is open to human error. A simplified, low-cost approach to the ARP technique was developed that used automated data recording techniques combined with simple statistical analyses to compare isolates of the genus Enterococcus from various faecal sources. An initial battery of 21 antibiotics (at up to four concentrations) was chosen for source discrimination. Images of growth or non-growth in microplate wells were stored as bitmaps and converted to binary data to form a database of known antibiotic resistance profiles. Discriminant function analysis (DFA) showed that the average rate of isolates correctly classified by the database (wastewater vs non-wastewater) was 86%. Once the more discriminating antibiotics and their concentrations had been identified, it was possible to reduce the number of tests from 80 to 18 whilst increasing the number of correctly classified human isolates. ARP could offer a low-cost and rapid means of identifying sources of faecal pollution. As such, the technique may be of particular benefit to developing countries, where water quality may have a significant impact on health and where cost is a major factor when choosing environmental management technology.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2004

Efficacy and safety of 12-week treatment with fenofibrate 300 mg in Thai dyslipidemic patients.

BACKGROUND: High levels of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is a known major factor in atherosclerosis. In addition to LDL-cholesterol, an increase in the triglycerides-rich lipoprotein and a decrease in HDL-cholesterol increase the risk of coronary artery disease. Fenofibrate, a fibric acid derivative, is highly effective in reducing serum triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol and produces a modest increase in HDL-cholesterol. The present study was done to evaluate the efficacy of fenofibrate at 300 mg daily on serum lipid profiles and to study the drug safety and tolerability of fenofibrate in Thai patients. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Forty patients with elevated serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol were recruited for 12 weeks of 300 mg per day of fenofibrate therapy. Blood analysis for lipid profiles, liver function test, creatinine and muscle enzyme were done at the begining and end of the study. RESULTS: The mean baseline total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol were 249 mg/dl, 160 mg/dl, 325 mg/dl and 43 mg/dl respectively. Significant changes of all lipid parameters from baseline were observed after 12 weeks of treatment. Reduction of serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides were 16, 23, and 41 percent respectively. Increased serum HDL-cholesterol of 14 percent was also observed. One patient withdrew from the trial due to chest pain. Two asymptomatic elevated transaminase were detected during the study. CONCLUSION: Fenofibrate at 300 mg per day is effective and safe in treating Thai patients with dyslipidemia.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Gait characteristics after gait-oriented rehabilitation in chronic stroke.

PURPOSE: To assess the effects of rehabilitation in thirty-seven ambulatory patients with chronic stroke during three weeks in-patient rehabilitation period. METHODS: In the intervention group, each patient received 75 min physiotherapy daily every workday including 20 minutes in the electromechanical gait trainer with body-weight support (BWS). In the control group, each patient participated in 45 min conventional physiotherapy daily. Motor ability was assessed with the first five items of the Modified Motor Assessment Scale (MMAS1-5) and ten meters walking speed. Spatio-temporal gait characteristics were recorded with an electrical walkway. RESULTS: The MMAS1-5 (p<0.0005 and p=0.005) and ten meters walking time (p<0.0005 and p=0.006) improved in both groups. The improvements in MMAS1-5 and ten meters walking time did not differ between the groups (p=0.217 and p=0.195). Specific gait characteristics improved only in the intervention group, as seen in increased Functional Ambulation Profile score (p=0.023), velocity (p=0.023), the step lengths (affected side, p=0.011, non-affected side p=0.040), the stride lengths (p=0.018, p=0.006) and decreased step-time differential (p=0.043). Furthermore, all gait characteristics and other motor abilities remained in the discharge level at the six months in the intervention group. CONCLUSIONS: It appears that BWS training gives a long-lasting benefit in gait qualities even in chronic stroke patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[The protective effect of low molecular weight heparin on early nephropathy in diabetic rats].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective effect of low molecular heparin on early nephropathy in diabetic rats and to explore its possible mechanism. METHODS: The rats were randomly divided into following groups: normal control rats, streptozotocin (STZ, 65 mg/kg)-induced diabetic rats and diabetic rats treated with low molecular weight heparin (Fraxiparine, Nadroparin calcium 205 AXaIU/kg). The activity of anti-Xa factor and the activated partial thromboplastin time (APIT) in plasma were assayed, the renal function and profile of kidney hypertrophy were measured, and the renal tissue were observed by light microscopy after 1, 2, 4 weeks of the treatment respectively. RESULTS: Compared with the untreated diabetic group, except for higher kidney hypertrophy index, LMWH treated diabetic rats presented less urinary albumin excretion, lower creatinine clearance rate (Ccr) and longer APTT than diabetic group without any treatment. Meanwhile, renal pathologic changes in LMWH treated group were improved. CONCLUSION: Low molecular weight heparin possesses a renal protective effect on early diabetic nephropathy and its possible mechanism may be associated with the beneficial effect of LMWH on regulating abnormal diabetic renal hemodynamics.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Volume flow estimation in the precapillary mesenteric microvasculature in vivo and the principle of constant pressure gradient.

Volume flow was estimated from axial erythrocyte velocity measurements in 30 mesenteric microvessels of 6 rabbits and was compared to Murray's law predictions. The diameters of capillaries and precapillary arterioles ranged between 5.6 and 12 microm. The significant pulsating flow component existing in these microvessels was taken into account by measuring instantaneous axial blood velocity throughout the course of a cardiac cycle and then averaging over the period. In addition, the effect of the velocity profile variation with diameter was taken into account, for the first time, by using a profile factor function. According to Murray's law, the relation between blood volume flow and diameter is governed by a 'cube' law. Curve fitting to volume flow and diameter data pairs for rabbits, showed a dependence of volume flow on diameter raised to the 4th power (with a correlation coefficient equal to 0.97). The above result supports the hypothesis that, in the precapillary part of microvasculature, the principle of constant longitudinal pressure gradient rather than the principle of minimum work may be valid.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Integrating neurobiology and psychopathology into evidence-based treatment of social anxiety disorder.

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a common, chronic psychiatric disorder characterized by a persistent fear of social or performance situations in which embarrassment can occur. This disorder typically appears during the mid-adolescent years and is unremitting throughout life if not properly treated. SAD presents as two subtypes: the more common and debilitating generalized form, and the nongeneralized form, which consists predominantly of performance anxiety. The majority of patients with SAD have comorbid mental disorders, including mood, anxiety, and substance abuse. No single development theory has been proposed to account for the origins of SAD, although current understanding of the etiology of SAD posits an interaction between psychological and biological factors. Risk factors include environmental and parenting influences and dysfunctional cognitive and conditioning events in early childhood. The neurobiology of SAD appears to involve neurochemical dysfunction, as evidenced by studies of neuroreceptor imaging, neuroendocrine function, and profiles of response to specific medications. Clinical trials have demonstrated that benzodiazepines and antidepressants are effective in the treatment of SAD. The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are emerging as the first-line treatment for SAD, based on their proven safety, tolerability, and efficacy. Goals for ongoing future research include development of approaches to achieve remission, to convert nonresponders and partial responders to full responders, and to prevent relapse and maintain long-term efficacy. This monograph explores the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and differential diagnosis of SAD, with a focus on neural circuitry of social relationships and neurochemical dysfunction. The prevalence, rates of recognition and treatment, patterns of comorbidity, quality-of-life issues, and natural history of SAD are discussed as well as pharmacologic and psychosocial treatment strategies for SAD.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Orthognathic surgery of dentofacial deformities post surgerical repairing of cleft palate and lip.].

10 cases with maxillary development limited post surgical repairing of cleft palate and lip were undergone modified Le Fort I segmental osteotomy,that is,put the maxilla forward without velopharyngeal function change and oro-nasal fistula.By Computer Aided Simulation System for orthognathic surgery(CASSOS),analysis of dental pulp,evaluation of velopharyngeal function,compacting profile pre-to-post operation, authors described that surgical procedure has the satisfactory effectiveness.

English Abstract↗
PubMed1990

Heterogeneity of helper/inducer T lymphocytes. III. Responses of IL-2- and IL-4-producing (Th1 and Th2) clones to antigens presented by different accessory cells.

Murine CD4+ T cell clones have been classified into at least two subsets, Th1 and Th2, on the basis of their distinct lymphokine secretion profiles and functions. In the present study, we compared the functional responses of Th1 and Th2 clones to Ag presentation by splenic B cells and peritoneal macrophages. Th2 clones secreted IL-4 in response to Ag presented by resting B cells, but their optimal proliferation required the addition of IL-1 or a source of IL-1. The degree of IL-1 dependence varied among the four Th2 clones examined. In contrast, Th1 clones secreted IL-2 and proliferated in response to Ag presented by both B cells and macrophages, without any requirement for exogenous IL-1. Furthermore, the proliferation of Th2 clones in response to Ag presented by splenocytes or macrophages was inhibited by an IL-1R antagonist. These results indicate that IL-1 is an important costimulator for the expansion of the Th2 subset of CD4+ T cells. The different requirements for the proliferation of Th1 and Th2 cells may be responsible for the preferential expansion of one or the other subset under different conditions of immunization.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Evaluation of autotransfusion in elective aortic reconstruction.

A new intraoperative autotransfusion system was prospectively evaluated in 30 major aortic reconstructions. After systemic heparinization of the patient, blood is collected in a cardiotomy reservoir and immediately reinfused (up to 500 ml/min). The amount of autotransfused or banked blood necessary to maintain the hemoglobin at 100 g/L during and for 24 hours after surgery was monitored and coagulation profiles, renal function and complications were recorded. The amount of autotransfused blood averaged 1414 ml and the number of packed red blood cells transfused over 24 hours averaged 1.9 units. Of the 30 patients, 24 required 2 units of homologous blood or less over 24 hours; 8 patients received no homologous transfusions and another 8 only 1 unit. There was no significant change postoperatively in serum creatinine or fibrinogen levels or in the prothrombin and partial thromboplastin times; the platelet count fell from 264 x 10(9)/L preoperatively to 182 x 10(9)/L postoperatively (p less than 0.05), but this was not clinically relevant. The free plasma hemoglobin level rose substantially, but perioperative urine output was good. There were no complications attributable to autotransfusion. The use of the autotransfuser during major vascular surgery provides a safe, effective means to minimize the loss of clotting factors, preserve blood-bank resources and eliminate the risk of disease transmission from homologous blood. By allowing rapid reinfusion when blood loss is excessive, this system can prevent prolonged hypotension in patients at increased cardiac risk.

Aortic Diseases↗