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[The extraction of the 6-year molars in orthodontic practice].

There is no orthodontic indication for the extraction of sixth-year molars. Nevertheless, one-third of all permanent teeth extracted by us in orthodontic cases terminated within one year were first molars. The indication for the extraction of these permanent first molars was based exclusively on caries incidence. The resultant disadvantages to the course of treatment are discussed from medical and economic aspects.

Bicuspid↗

[Guided tooth eruption via serial extraction].

Crowding of teeth is the result of arch length discrepancy (ALD). Minimal crowding can be solved with slice-technique, more severe crowding (ALD > or = 5 mm) can be intercepted with a serial extraction procedure. In this paper a sequence of serial extraction will be explained and illustrated with case reports.

Child↗

[Sectional arches in Begg technique].

The aim of this article is to imply that sectional arches which are frequently used in Edgewise technique whereas not in Begg Technique, can also be used in Begg technique. Sectional arches are mostly used in distalisation of canins. Besides, according to the tooth extracted, e.g. premolars 1, 2 it is also possible to retract the teeth by using sectional arches. In Begg technique, by means of elastics attached to helix on the mesial side of the canins, it is not possible to give the canins a unique movement, instead all of the anterior tooth from canin to canin are extracted. Therefore, this condition in this article, the feasibility of sectional arches in Begg technique has been discussed together with its advantages.

Humans↗

Predictable peri-implant gingival aesthetics: surgical and prosthodontic rationales.

Bone resorption following maxillary anterior tooth extraction is common and often compromises gingival tissue levels for the implant restoration. The creation of predictable peri-implant aesthetics requires proper understanding and preservation of the osseous and gingival tissue surrounding the failing tooth. This article addresses the various factors that affect the predictability of peri-implant gingival aesthetics in anterior single-tooth replacement. The surgical and prosthodontic procedures for maintenance of peri-implant aesthetics are also presented using an ovate pontic tooth on a removable partial denture following immediate extraction and implant placement.

Adult↗

Calcium and phosphorus content of roots exposed to the oral environment.

This study analyzed the calcium and phosphorus content of extracted tooth roots exposed to the in vivo oral environment. 20 teeth were obtained from 16 patients and divided into two groups of 10 teeth each. In group 1, the teeth had gingival probing depths of 5 mm or more, and teeth of group 2 had gingival recessions of 3 mm or more. Prior to extraction, the gingival margin location was recorded by placing a groove on the tooth surface. After extraction, the teeth were sectioned coronal-apically, air dried and coated with carbon. Energy dispersive X-ray spectra, excited in a scanning electron microscope, were analyzed to measure relative calcium and phosphorus contents and for calculation of their ratios. X-rays were collected from two positions on the sectioned root. Experimental positions were selected within the exposed portion of the roots of groups 1 and 2, and unexposed positions were selected from that portion of the same root with attached periodontal membrane. At each position, calcium and phosphorus content was measured at 4 depths into the root surface: in cementum, in dentin three-quarters of the distance to the pulp chamber, and at 2 locations in between on either side of the cemento-dentinal junction. Analysis of data demonstrated large variations in calcium and phosphorus content from surface to surface of individual teeth and from tooth to tooth in a subject. No statistically significant differences were found between experimental and unexposed locations. Calcium and phosphorus contents were greater in roots exposed to pockets when compared to roots exposed by recession at both experimental and unexposed locations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

A simple method for single anterior tooth replacement.

PURPOSE: This article reports a case in which a recently extracted tooth was used as a natural tooth pontic bonded to the teeth on either side of the missing tooth using a Ribbond ribbon. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A bondable, reinforcing polyethylene ribbon was used to bond a natural tooth pontic to adjacent teeth. RESULTS: Acceptable esthetics were obtained and the result was satisfactory for the patient. CONCLUSION: After one year of clinical use, direct construction of a single-tooth replacement using the natural tooth pontic still provided satisfactory esthetics and function. The technology which makes this adhesive restoration possible is the development of a high strength, high molecular weight, biocompatible polyethylene fiber. This easily handled material must be evaluated in long-term clinical studies.

Acid Etching, Dental↗

Localized alveolar bone necrosis following the use of an arsenical paste: a case report.

AIM: To describe some toxic effects of arsenic trioxide in the mouth, to condemn its continued use, and present a case in which a tooth was preserved despite significant bony destruction. SUMMARY: A case is presented in which severe alveolar bone necrosis resulted from leak-age of an arsenical devitalization paste into the periodontium. The tooth was root canal treated before root amputation, and restored with a cuspal coverage restoration. The tooth was observed to be symptomless and functional at the one-year follow-up. KEY LEARNING POINTS: * Arsenic and its compounds have no place in contemporary endodontics. * Dentists should protect their patients by avoiding the use of arsenic-containing materials and refusing to use products whose constituents are not known. * Localized bone necrosis may not require tooth extraction. Depending on the severity of the case, the tooth may be preserved by a combination of endodontic, periodontal,prosthodontic and maintenance therapies.

Adolescent↗