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At least 1,477 records · Page 82Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Determination of ultra-trace rare-earth elements in human plasma by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry].

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), highly sensitive inorgnic analytic technique, fits to determine ultra-trace rare-earth elements in human plasma. Under the optimized conditions detection limits for 15 rare-earth elements are in the range of 0.7 (for Eu)-5.4 (for Gd) ng.L-1. Indium as an internal standard element is used to compensate for matrix suppression effect and sensitivity drift. Three kinds of preparation methods, diluted with 1% HNO3, digested with HNO3-H2O2 and with HNO3-HClO4, are checked and compared, and the former is the simplest way to be measured. The samples diluted with 1% HNO3, stored in 4 degrees C, are very steady for 16 days. With the method, 11 healthy plasma samples in Changchun area of China are analysed.

Europium↗
PubMed1992

[Correlativity of plasma endotoxin, plasma fibronectin and common bile duct pressure in severe acute cholangitis].

On the basis of common bile duct pressure measurement (CBDP) in 18 patients of severe acute cholangitis, plasma endotoxin (ET) was determined by modified synthetic chromogenic limulus amebocyte lysate assay and plasma fibronectin (FN) was detected with Laurell's rocket immunoelectrophoresis. CBDP was 2.23 +/- 0.49 KPa in patient group. There was striking positive correlation between ET and CBDP. Preoperative ET was 202.73 +/- 88.57 ng/L in patient group which was much higher than 15.47 +/- 7.38 ng/L in the control (P less than 0.001). Preoperative FN was 141.77 +/- 82.37 mg/L in the patient group which was lower than 317.21 +/- 12.57 mg/L in the control (p less than 0.001). Statistical differences could be noticed in postoperative ET and FN between the survivor and the dead. The study suggested that plasma ET levels are greatly influenced by pressure gradient of bile duct, dynamic observations of ET and FN levels are helpful to monitor disease course and predict prognosis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2004

The effect of eight weeks of rabeprazole therapy on nitric oxide plasma level and esophageal pH and motility and motility nitric oxide plasma level in patients with erosive esophagitis.

BACKGROUND: Esophageal clearance, an important pathogenetic factor in gastroesophageal reflux disease, depends mainly on motility. Motility disturbances can be secondary to gastric output reflux. Nitric oxide influences esophageal motility. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of eight weeks of gastric acid secretion suppression with rabeprazole (20 mg/day) on esophageal motility. MATERIAL/METHODS: 20 patients with erosive esophagitis were studied. At study start and two weeks after the end of therapy, we recorded the results of interview, endoscopy, gastric and esophageal mucosa biopsy, 24-h esophageal pH-metry and manometry, and NO metabolites plasma concentration, determined spectrophotometrically (OXIS). RESULTS: All patients reported improvement and remained free of symptoms two weeks later. In 60% of cases, improvement of esophageal mucosa appearance was observed in endoscopic and histological examination. In follow-up we found a significantly smaller number of acid gastrooesophageal refluxes (p<0.05), reduced DeMeester score for pH range >7 (p<0.05), and greater % of time within the esophageal pH range 6-7 (p<0.05). Other esophageal pH-metry and 24-h manometry parameters did not change significantly. NO metabolites plasma concentration increased significantly (p=0.039). CONCLUSIONS: Clinical improvement after eight weeks of therapy with rabeprazole was connected with endoscopic changes only in 60% of our patients. Rabeprazole therapy did not influence esophageal motility, despite increased plasma levels of NO metabolites. Patients with erosive esophagitis need maintenance therapy, since as soon as two weeks after the end of treatment the % of monitoring time with esophageal pH<4 was similar to study start.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMed1992

[Plasma viscosity. The effect of plasma proteins].

The authors assessed the plasma viscosity by means of a capillary viscosimeter of their own design and assessed at the same time the concentration of 22 plasma proteins or lipids. Based on the results of these examinations it proved possible to elaborate an original equation which describes the plasma viscosity as a function of the concentration of fibrinogen, alpha-2-globulins (and among them most probably haptoglobin), gammaglobulins, IgA and IgM. The authors discuss in detail the importance of this finding for clinical haemorheology.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1975

Studies on plasma membranes. XXII. Fatty acid profiles of lipid classes in plasma membranes of rat and mouse livers and hepatomas.

Plasma membranes were isolated from rat and mouse livers, a transplanted rat hepatoma, two transplanted mouse hepatomas and spontaneous mouse hepatomas. Phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol, sphingomyelin, lysophosphatidylcholine, free fatty acids and triglycerides were separated and their fatty acid profiles determined. The various lipid classes of rat and mouse liver plasma membranes each demonstrated more or less specific fatty acid profiles. The number of double bonds decreased in the order: phosphatidylserine greater than or equal to phosphatidylethanolamine greater than phosphatidylinositol greater than phosphatidylcholine greater than or equal to sphingomyelin and lysophosphatidylcholine. Small species differences were noted in most lipid classes. A marked sex difference was observed in sphingomyelin of mouse liver membranes but in none of the phospholipids of rat liver membranes. The increased cholesterol content of all hepatoma versus liver plasma membranes was accompanied by a decrease of fatty acyl poly-unsaturation in most lipid classes of the rat hepatoma but not of the mouse hepatoma membranes. The fatty acid profiles of the mouse hepatoma membranes deviated much less from those of mouse liver than did the pattern of rat hepatoma versus rat liver. The results were discussed in relation to lipid fluidity of which fatty acyl unsaturation and cholesterol are the main parameters.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Circadian rhythm of plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone in normal man and in renal allograft recipients.

In normal supine man, a marked circadian rhythm was found in plasma renin activity (PRA) and in plasma aldosterone concentration, with highest levels in the morning and lowest in the evening. Short-term suppression of ACTH by dexamethasone did not eliminate the circadian variation of plasma aldosterone. In patients with a transplanted and thus denervated kidney, no such rhythm of PRA could be observed. From our data it is suggested that the normal circadian rhythm of PRA depends on intact renal innervation and is controlled by the central nervous system.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1992

Unusual biclonal plasma cell dyscrasia with crystallike inclusions producing colonic tumors (plasma cell polyposis) and terminating in T-cell lymphoma.

A 62-year-old man underwent a partial colectomy for persistent rectal bleeding. Multiple submucosal lesions up to 7 cm in diameter were identified and were composed of plasmacytoid and histiocytoid cells with crystallike inclusions. Ultrastructurally, inclusions were bounded by rough endoplasmic reticulum. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated a monoclonal population of IgA kappa-positive plasma cells. Immunofixation using a saline extract of the tumor revealed two distinct bands: one for IgG kappa and another for IgA kappa. Southern blotting revealed a germline configuration for the immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene and the T-cell antigen receptor beta-chain gene. A bone marrow aspirate contained 12% plasma cells, some of which had cytoplasmic inclusions. Eight months after surgery, the patient developed a large mediastinal mass. Histologic and immunohistochemical studies indicated that this mass was an undifferentiated neoplasm. However, gene rearrangement studies indicated a T-cell lymphoma. This patient illustrates a rare association between a plasma cell neoplasm and a T-cell lymphoma.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1990

[Direct injection of plasma to determine famotidine in plasma using HPLC column switching technique].

An automated high performance liquid chromatographic switching system is described for the analysis of famotidine, an H2-receptor antagonist in plasma. The system used YWG-C18 short precolumn for on-line sample clean-up and a Shimpack CLC-ODS analytical column for separation. A solution of 0.2 mol/L acetic acid was used as pretreatment mobile phase and 14% (v/v) methanol in ammonium acetate (0.2 mol/L) was used as analytical mobile phase. The detection was at 267 nm and the detection limit was 12 ng/ml plasma. Plasma sample was diluted with acetic acid (0.2 mol/L) and injected directly on the HPLC system. The procedure of clean-up is simple and automatic. The recovery of clean-up is 84.1%.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Effect of acute water loading on plasma levels of antidiuretic hormone AVP aldosterone, ANP fractional excretion of sodium and plasma and urine osmolalities in myxedema.

We monitored the plasma and urine osmolalities, fractional excretion of sodium, fractional excretion of chloride, plasma levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH, AVP), aldosterone and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) before and after acute water ingestion in 12 patients with overt hypothyroidism. The ability of the patients to dilute and concentrate urine was found impaired and the ability of excretion of water load decreased and delayed. Acute water load test was proved to be effective in evaluating the urinary excreting function for the patients. We hypothesize that inappropriate secretion of anti-diuretic hormone and elevated plasma ANP may be homeostatic factors for abnormal urinary excretion in patients with hypothyroidism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Relationship of human urinary and plasma kinins to sodium-retaining steroids and plasma renin activity.

In these studies we have shown that: 1. urinary kallikrein is an index of sodium-retaining steroid activity and may participate in the anti-natriuretic and kaliuretic effects of these hormones; 2. urinary kinin excretion is independent of changes in urinary kallikrein excretion; 3. levels of plasma bradykinin are highly correlated with levels of plasma renin activity probably because both respond to changes in extracellular fluid volume; and, 4. plasma bradykinin may act to antagonize angiotensin II to maintain normal blood pressure in hyper-reninemic states.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Blood and plasma substitutes--plasma expansion and oxygen transport properties.

Because of the risks and costs of blood and blood product infusion, developing blood and plasma substitutes is of significance. Two currently utilized substances, dextran and hydroxyethyl starch, are effective colloid plasma expanders. The dextrans have properties that improve microcirculatory blood flow but are associated with several possible adverse effects. Hydroxyethyl starch is a well-tolerated agent that has efficacy similar to albumin but at a lower cost. Two newer substances, perfluorocarbons and stroma-free hemoglobin, are being developed to improve oxygen transport as well as plasma expansion.

Blood Substitutes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of nifedipine on effective renal plasma flow, plasma renin activity and serum aldosterone, noradrenaline and adrenaline levels in healthy persons and in patients with primary moderate arterial hypertension].

Blood pressure, plasma renin activity, and serum aldosterone, adrenaline and noradrenaline were investigated in healthy individuals and patients with the primary moderate hypertension following a single oral dose of 10 mg nifedipine. It was found that the drug is hypotensive in both healthy individuals and hypertensive patients. It does not affect the effective plasma flow throughout the kidneys as well as serum aldosterone and adrenaline whereas serum noradrenaline and plasma renin activity are increased.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Human plasma extrinsic pathway inhibitor activity: II. Plasma levels in disseminated intravascular coagulation and hepatocellular disease.

Plasma or serum extrinsic pathway inhibitor (EPI) activity was measured in 24 patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and in 23 patients with severe hepatocellular disease. EPI was measured as activity in a test sample that inhibited factor VIIa/tissue factor (TF)-catalyzed activation of 3H-factor IX (activation peptide release) in the presence of factor X. Of the 24 patients with DIC, 13 had sepsis and five had metastatic carcinoma, disorders in which tissue factor is believed to initiate DIC. EPI activity ranged from 68% to 300% (mean 134% +/- 50%). Serial measurements in nine patients failed to show depletion of EPI activity coincident with worsening DIC. DIC induced by tissue factor or other activating materials may progress despite normal EPI levels. In the patients with liver disease, of whom 15 had decompensated chronic hepatocellular disease (two fatal cases) and eight had acute fulminant liver failure (seven fatal cases), plasma or serum EPI activity varied from less than 20% to 194%. Values were distributed in a bimodal fashion. EPI activity could not be correlated with either the etiology of the liver disease or the degree of prolongation of the prothrombin time. Patients with chronic hepatocellular disease who survived had normal or elevated EPI activity. Patients with fatal hepatic dysfunction had low, normal, or high values for EPI activity. This must mean that secretion of EPI from cells other than hepatocytes can maintain normal plasma EPI levels.

Acinetobacter Infections↗
PubMed1989

Additional electrophoretic components of cholinesterase in plasma: a phenomenon of no importance to the total plasma cholinesterase activity.

Total plasma cholinesterase and cholinesterase isozyme components were studied in 193 healthy subjects without occupational exposure to known cholinesterase inhibitors. The study showed that the four additional isozyme components, C5, C1', C6, and C7 occurred in plasma independently of each other, and that the total plasma cholinesterase activity was completely uninfluenced by the presence of any of the four components.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Terbutaline sustained-release treatment during one week 5 mg b.i.d. compared to one week placebo: terbutaline plasma levels, c-AMP plasma levels, lung function and tremor measurement.

In a group of ten patients with chronic asthmatic bronchitis, a good improvement of the lung function was achieved by a sustained-release terbutaline preparation (Bricanyl Retard) in a dosage of 5 mg twice daily. Tremor measurements and c-AMP plasma level showed a statistically significant increase. A good patient compliance was achieved with this dosage of terbutaline two times daily. The sustained-release preparation caused a rather constant and low terbutaline plasma level. We think that this relative low terbutaline plasma level is the most important reason for the lack of side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Cardiovascular reactivity, plasma markers of endothelial and platelet activity and plasma renin activity after mental stress in normals and hypertensives.

Endothelial injury and platelet activation, mechanisms known to be involved in vascular lesions, may promote the development of cardiovascular disorders possibly associated with mental stress. Plasma markers of platelet activation (beta-thromboglobulin, BTG) and of endothelium activity (factor VIII/von Willebrand factor, FVIII/vWf) and plasma renin activity (PRA) were determined in 17 healthy normotensive volunteers and in 21 hypertensives without target-organ damage before and after mental stress (a colour-word conflict test). The aim of the study was to compare cardiovascular reactivity with the stress-induced changes in platelet and endothelium activity. Individual responses in BTG and factor FVIII/vWf after the colour-word conflict test were markedly different, but significant mean increases were observed in both groups with no difference in the degree of response and in the percentage of responders. No correlations were found among the changes in plasma variables or between cardiovascular reactivity (systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate) and the changes in BTG, FVIII/vWf and PRA. These findings suggest that hypertensive patients do not have an abnormal platelet or endothelium reactivity to mental stress, at least when the disease is free of vascular complications. This dissociation of stress-induced variability in BTG and FVIII/vWf and cardiovascular reactivity indicates that these indices could be used as independent markers of mental stress.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Relationships between blood pressure, heart rate and plasma epinephrine, norepinephrine, angiotensin II concentrations, plasma renin activity during chronic guanfacine therapy in patients with essential arterial hypertension.

The evolution of blood pressure, heart rate, epinephrine, norepinephrine, angiotensin II and plasma renin activity has been studied in 10 patients with essential arterial hypertension before and during a two months period of treatment with guanfacine, a new centrally acting hypotensive drug. Guanfacine was proven effective in lowering both systolic and diastolic supine and standing blood pressure. A decrease in supine and standing norepinephrine plasma concentrations and plasma renin activity was observed. No change was seen in epinephrine or angiotensin II. The fall in supine blood pressure observed during the treatment period was positively correlated with the change in norepinephrine.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1972

Plasma free fatty acid transport during prolonged glucose consumption and its relationship to plasma triglyceride fatty acids in man.

Plasma free fatty acid (FFA) transport in human subjects has been studied during the course of prolonged ingestion of different amounts of glucose. Compared with the fasting state, hypocaloric glucose intake resulted in marked suppression of net transport of FFA with no change in (fractional) turnover rate. There was no further suppression of net transport of FFA when the intake was increased to isocaloric or hypercaloric levels, but there was a significant increase in the (fractional) turnover rate, indicating an enhancement of clearance mechanisms. During the 20-24-hr period of fasting after isocaloric glucose consumption, the (fractional) turnover rate quickly fell to that found in the fasting individual, whereas net transport remained suppressed for much longer. This suggested that ingestion of glucose maintains an influence on lipolysis longer than on esterification. During this period of fasting after glucose administration, the contribution of plasma FFA to circulating triglyceride fatty acids increased with time and was positively and significantly correlated with the changes in the net transport of plasma FFA.

Adolescent↗