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At least 1,477 records · Page 82Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Immunohistochemical studies of bronchial carcinoma using monoclonal antibody A63-C/A3].

An immunohistological study was undertaken, using paraffin sections of 22 cases of lung carcinoma and a number of reference tissue samples, to clear up the reactivity of A63-C/A63 monoclonal antibody (IgM) which was capable of identifying a carcinoma-associated carbohydrate antigen. Following neuraminidase pretreatment of those sections, positive response to the above antigen was produced by more than 90% of all bronchial carcinoma samples, notwithstanding the histological type involved (squamous-cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma). Columnar epithelium of the bronchi, not involved in the neoplastic process gave a positive immunoreaction with the antibody A63-C/A3 in 64% of the cases.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ultrasonics in the diagnosis of stomach tumors].

Proceeding from analysis of over 2000 ultrasound investigations (USI) the role of this method in the diagnosis of stomach tumors was defined (employed during routine investigation of the abdominal cavity and as a procedure with liquid filling of the stomach cavity). Ultrasound semiotics of a neoplastic process of the stomach was described. USI can be used for screening and specification. Various methodological approaches were proposed with regard to purposes to be achieved. Routine methods (x-ray and endoscopy) were shown to remain the chief methods. USI can be used in doubtful cases or for obtaining detailed information. The most valuable are its potentialities in showing details of intraparietal changes in endophytic stomach carcinomas which are difficult for diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Verrucous carcinoma of the penis].

The present work reports one case of penis verruciform carcinoma. Such neoplastic process is considered to be a variation of the scaly carcinoma with specific histopathological features. Clinical and histopathological as well as therapeutic aspects (conservative or radical surgical therapy, depending on the evolutive stage and laser electrocoagulation) were analyzed.

Carcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1991

Neuro-ophthalmic manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus infection.

Both the afferent visual pathways and ocular motor system may be affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Coexisting infections and neoplastic processes in the eye and brain create a diagnostic challenge for the clinician. This article discusses neuroophthalmic manifestations associated with HIV and AIDS, with emphasis on clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Acute attacks in pseudoexfoliative glaucoma].

Clinical picture and the results of treatment of an acute attack in 23 eyes with open-angle pseudoexfoliative glaucoma are presented. A total of 47.9 percent of patients were hospitalized with erroneous diagnoses of neovascular, phacolytic, uveal, phacotopic glaucoma or suspected neoplastic process. Blurred clinical picture of the acute attack could be responsible for the erroneous diagnosis: the painful syndrome was not manifest, the anterior chamber depth and pupil width were normal, the patients presented with insignificant corneal edema and rubeosis, posterior synechia, hyphema, and iridophacodonesis. Gonioscopy showed an open anterior chamber angle with manifest exogenic pigmentation of all the areas and with endogenic pigmentation of Schlemm's canal. Sinuso-trabeculectomy or deep sclerectomy was carried out in 20 eyes, in 8 eyes with cataract extraction. Expulsive hemorrhages occurred in 2 eyes, in 1 case eventuating in enucleation. Primary enucleation was carried out in 3 blind eyes. Surgery resulted in normalization of intraocular pressure in 19 eyes. Vision acuity of 0.1-0.3 diopters was achieved in 6 eyes, 0.02-0.08 in 8 eyes, and remained 0 in 5 eyes. Glaucoma was developing in 3 eyes, far-advanced in 15, and terminal in 1. The authors claim that dystrophic changes of ocular tissues are a characteristic feature associated with acute attacks in pseudoexfoliative glaucoma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of CO2 laser in conservative surgery of glottic tumors].

The present work evaluates the results obtained in a group of 360 patients with laryngeal-glottic tumors (classification T1/T2-N0-M0) who, in the last 10 years, have undergone direct microlaryngoscopy surgery employing a CO2 Laser. In the T1 glottic carcinomas the neoplasm was limited to the vocal cord on one side or it involved the anterior commissure and, most likely, the vocal cord on the opposite side; in T2 glottic tumors the extension reached the hypoglottic region and/or the Morgagni ventricle and the false vocal cords on one or both sides but without compromising laryngeal motility. The five year healing rate for the T1 tumors proved to be 84.7% while it was 74% for the T2 forms. In 36 cases complications were found which can be broken down as follows: - limited local recurrences (13 patients) requiring subsequent direct microlaryngoscopy; - regional lymph node metastases (6 patients) without reproduction of the primary neoplasm; in general (5 of the 6 cases) these patients underwent lateral neck dissection; - spreading of the neoplastic process (17 cases) which made total laryngectomy with lateral neck dissection necessary; this procedure was performed in 15 cases. When these subsequent surgical procedures are also taken into account the percentage healing rises to 94.3% for T1 glottic tumors and to 84.9% for T2. Detailed analysis of the case study, comparison with the data found in the relative literature regarding patients treated with traditional techniques, a series of observations on the advantages and disadvantages inherent to the techniques employed have all led to the conclusion that the use of a CO2 laser in the treatment of laryngeal tumors gives excellent results in terms of prognosis. Moreover, this technique offers significant advantages over the traditional methods and constitutes a reliable technique for partial laryngectomies as long as the indications are accurately applied and the proper techniques used.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Modulation of cell growth and differentiation induced by prostaglandin D2 in the glioma cell line C6.

Prostaglandins are produced mainly from arachidonic in various normal and neoplastic tissues and are well-known to be involved in the regulation of tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and metastasis. Prostaglandin D2 is cytotoxic to several human tumor cell lines, has antitumoral activity in vitro and is reported to be antimetastatic. However, the effects of prostaglandin D2 on tumoral cell differentiation have not been clarified. This paper studies the effects of prostaglandin D2 on C6 rat glioma cell differentiation and proliferation. Prostaglandin D2 administration in the culture medium is observed to alter cell morphology and cytoskeleton filament patterns. These alterations suggest a cell maturation, and correlate with a drop in proliferating capacity. The antitumoral activity of prostaglandin D2 involves a biomodulation of cell parameters which would affect neoplastic processes.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

The postmenopausal palpable ovary syndrome. A retrospective review with histopathologic correlates.

Since its introduction in 1971 and based on experience with three patients, the postmenopausal palpable ovary (PMPO) syndrome has been widely accepted as appropriate justification for exploratory celiotomy to rule out ovarian malignancy. However, reports on only two small series have been published that address the incidence of malignancy in these patients. From March 1982 to June 1986, 20 patients underwent surgical exploration at the Naval Hospital, Bethesda, to evaluate an asymptomatic PMPO. Thirteen patients (60%) were found to have an ovarian neoplastic process. Three of the neoplasms were malignant or of borderline malignant potential, resulting in an overall malignancy rate of 15% for the PMPO syndrome. In comparing the PMPO groups, patients in the malignancy group had a statistically significant lower mean parity and greater mean number of postmenopausal years (P = .02 and .03, respectively). When the PMPO group was compared to patients with adnexal masses larger than 5 cm, there were no significant differences in the malignancy rates (15% versus 25%, P = .26), but the power was low. The data suggest that the PMPO syndrome may be clinically important. Additional studies to compare ultrasound, CA-125 and pelvic examination are indicated.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Ovarian teratoma and granulosa cell tumor in two mares.

Simultaneous and successive occurrence of ovarian teratoma and granulosa cell tumor is reported in 2 mares. Simultaneous occurrence of the tumors may obscure clinical diagnosis. Whereas size, unilaterality, and the cystic nature of each may be similar, differentiating features include the potentially palpable presence of bone, cartilage, or teeth in teratoma, and the hormone-induced behavioral and reproductive effects of granulosa cell tumors. Thorough examination of surgical specimens may reveal the existence of a neoplastic process, previously obscured by the more obvious presence of another.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of an infiltrative lesion of the anterior visual pathways.

Infiltrative lesions of the optic chiasm and optic nerves are uncommon. The authors report such a case and discuss the differential diagnosis, paying particular attention to imaging. In the reported case high-resolution computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed thickening of the optic chiasm and intracranial optic nerves, a pattern characteristic of an inflammatory or neoplastic process.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1991

DNA analysis of neoplasia: an introduction for the family physician.

Pathologic evaluation of a neoplastic process has traditionally consisted of microscopic examination of a stained section of tissue. Although this method is generally reliable when performed by an experienced pathologist, the morphologic features of a lesion may not consistently predict biologic behavior. The DNA content of tumors can be studied with a flow cytometer to help determine the prognosis and risk of tumor recurrence. DNA analysis of a neoplasm may provide the clinician with important prognostic information and, at some future date, may help direct chemotherapy or other treatment protocols.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[CT guided stereotaxic biopsy in the treatment of solitary brain abscesses].

CT guided stereotaxic biopsy (aspiration) has been proved as a procedure of choice in the assessment and treatment of a deep-seated sinusogenic, brain abscess in a 54-year old man. The clinical features were atypical; massive neurological deficits (left-side spastic hemiplegia, dysarthria, urinary incontinence) without signs and symptoms of infectious disease. The clinical course and CT finding primarily showed a metastatic neoplastic process surrounded by a large edema in the right fronto-parietal parts so that an abscess or less probably glioma were also considered. From the neurosurgeon's point of view the process was inoperable because of the localization and unknown etiology. Due to recent studies, CT-guided stereotaxic biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of the brain abscess, even when the pus was evacuated by aspiration. CT-guided stereotaxic aspiration together with anti-edematose and target antibiotic therapy, has made possible impressive, complete recovery within ten days. It has been achieved by intravenous administration of Penicillin G (24 million UI per day) during 3 months. The control CT findings and the following clinical course confirmed the resolution of the abscess. The aim was to show a case of a successfully treated brain abscess with CT- guided stereotaxic biopsy (aspiration) and to present great advantages of this method primarily as a safe and effective technique which makes possible minimal traumatization of a patient and fast recovery with minimal risk of invalidity.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Oncostatic effects of the pineal gland.

There is increasing evidence that the pineal gland has a role in the control of neoplastic processes. Kerenyi found hyperplasia of the pineal gland in patients with widely disseminated malignant melanoma. Feuer and Kerenyi reported significantly higher serum melatonin levels with malignant melanoma. Beral et al. found 2.1 times increased risks of melanoma and Pasternak et al. described a relative risk of 1.87, related to exposure to fluorescent light. In our study, white New Zealand rabbits were exposed for 12 months to fluorescent light. The serum melatonin levels of the control group were significantly higher, p less than 0.005. According to Cohen, the pineal gland has a role in the etiology of breast cancer. Melatonin inhibits MCF-7 human breast cancer cell growth in culture. In our study of 500 surgically removed breast tumors, 254 were melatonin receptor positive, 246 negative. Most melatonin receptor positive breast cancer occurred between 60-65 years of age, receptor negative breast cancer peaked between 40-45 years. Benign breast tumors were almost invariably melatonin receptor positive. It is proposed that melatonin may have a direct effect on breast tumors, the melatonin receptors being the probable sites of interaction between melatonin and the tumor cell.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Percutaneous transthoracic aspiration biopsy guided by computer tomography].

CT-guided percutaneous transthoracic aspiration biopsy presenting one of interventional radiologic procedures, has enabled the sample providing for cytologic analysis. It has been frequently used with the aim of confirmation or elimination of malignant neoplastic process. The main advantages of CT over fluoroscopy are precise needle visualization, documentation of needle tip in the lesion, puncture of small, for fluoroscopy unreachable lesions, as well as the adequate presentation of eventual complications. The authors have analysed, retrospectively, 195 findings of patients, who underwent CT-guided Chiba needle percutaneous transthoracic aspiration biopsy. The finding was cytologically representative in 85.64% of cases, unrepresentative in 14.36%. Out of all complications, pneumothorax (9.74%) and perifocal hematom (9.23%) were most frequent. Contraindications, complications and safety of this very useful method in definitive diagnosing and planning of the adequate therapy have been discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Primary tumors of the stomach in childhood].

Two cases of primary tumors of the stomach in children (7 and 10 years of age) are reported. One of them had non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and the other hamartoma, both radically operated. In the former case subtotal resection of the stomach was made followed by polychemotherapy. For an observation period of one year there was no evidence of recurrence or metastases of the neoplastic process. The incidence, histologic characteristics, clinical course, diagnostic and therapeutic problems in tumors of the stomach in children, with special reference to non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and hamartoma, are discussed.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The intraoperative use of an ultrasonic Doppler detector of linear blood flow in parasagittal meningiomas].

The authors suggest a noninvasive method for determining the linear blood flow in the superior sagittal sinus (SSS) and in the veins of the parasagittal region directly during the operation. The results of intraoperative study of the blood flow in 41 patients show that the linear blood flow rate ranges from 0 to 5 cm/sec, depending on the functional condition of the SSS and the veins connected with it. The use of an ultrasonic blood flow detector on an open brain allows the functioning paths of venous drainage to be preserved to maximum and makes it possible to determine authentically the optimum boundaries of the future resection of the SSS area involved in the neoplastic process.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Human papillomavirus. A sexually transmitted disease with carcinogenic potential.

Over the last decade, human papillomavirus (HPV) has been linked with a spectrum of genital disease ranging from latent infection or benign warty growths to neoplasia and carcinoma. The increasing prevalence of HPV and the potential for neoplastic progression mandates that health care providers identify and screen those at high risk for HPV infection and teach strategies for preventing the transmission of this disease. Strategies for diagnosis and treatment vary depending on the anatomic location and/or degree of cellular change provoked by the virus. Although eradication of the virus is not possible, treatment modalities that eradicate abnormal squamous cells have been shown to halt the progression of the neoplastic process. Nursing care of patients with HPV is challenging because of the complex physiological and psychosexual impact of the disease on the patient and on sexual partners. This article discusses the incidence, viral characteristics, oncogenic potential, and treatment strategies for HPV infection as well as associated nursing strategies.

Female↗
PubMed1990

[Etiopathogenetic considerations on local recurrence after excision of rectal carcinoma].

A series of 77 cases of rectum carcinoma observed in a six year period, is presented. Sixty-one patients underwent radical operation and 57 of them have been regularly followed up. The incidence of local relapses has been 12.28%, with a majority of perianastomotic forms. It turned out to be proportional to the aboral distance and to primitive neoplasm staging, but not to histologic differentiation degree. Staplers were used and therefore the choice between resection or amputation was determined by the degree of loco-regional infiltration of the neoplasm. The frequency of local relapses turned out not to be related to the type of operation, but the impossibility to the exeresis of perirectal tissues involved by neoplastic process.

Adult↗