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At least 1,477 records · Page 82Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Binding of 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea to L1210 cell nuclear proteins.

The binding of 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-(cyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) to the proteins of the L1210 cell nucleus has been studied using both [cyclohexyl-14C]CCNU and [chloroethyl-14C]CCNU. Most of the bound [cyclohexyl-14C] moiety of CCNU was found to exist in a form that was stable in acid solution but labile and dialyzable in alkaline solution. A small amount of the cyclohexyl moiety was bound to histones in a stable, nondialyzable form. The drug/protein ratio for the H1 histone was about 0.01 to 0.02 mole/mole. No binding of the cyclohexyl group to acidic proteins or of the chloroethyl group to either histones or acidic proteins was observed. Thus, the interaction of CCNU with the proteins of the cell nucleus can be defined in terms of the modification of histones by the cyclohexyl moiety.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Delayed response to brain tumor chemotherapy.

Five cases of recurrent malignant gliomas are reported. They showed unequivocal and long-lasting improvement of the clinical status and brain scintigram after progressive clinical and scintigraphic deterioration occurred during the initial courses of chemotherapy. The differential diagnosis of tumor regrowth and this unusual delayed response are discussed. Swelling of dead tumor cells and a secondary inflammatory reaction could explain the initial clinical deterioration. The delayed response may be consistent with the slow removal of dead cells from the brain. This has been observed experimentally. Evaluation of the response of a malignant glioma to chemotherapy should be made by serial observations during a sufficiently long period of time.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Effects of CCNU on hematopoiesis in rats.

The effect of orally administered CCNU on proliferating and cytokinetically "resting" bone marrow cells was studied in rats. The resting bone marrow cells were selectively labeled with 3H-thymidine by the "complete 3H-thymidine labeling method." The results show a reduction in the number of absolute bone marrow cells to about 40% of the original value in 3 days. Regeneration was completed only after 22 days. No difference was found in the destructive or the regenerative pattern of CFU-C, myelopoietic, erythropoietic, lymphatic, or megakaryocytic cells. Resting and proliferating cells of the bone marrow were equally affected by CCNU.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Response of exponentially growing, stationary-phase, and synchronized cultured human colon carcinoma cells to treatment with nitrosourea derivatives.

The lethal effects of two nitrosourea derivatives, 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea and 4-[3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureido]-cis-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, on a continuous line of human colon carcinoma cells (LoVo cells) were investigated. The survival response of exponentially growing and stationary-phase LoVo cells to both drugs were of the threshold exponential type. Survival was identical whether drugs were dissolved in medium or in Hanks' balanced salt solution. In contrast to previous results obtained for human lymphoma cells, 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea exerted a progressively greater killing effect on LoVo cells as the incubation time was prolonged, while 4-[3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureido]-cis-cyclohexane-carboxylic acid, under similar circumstances presented decreased lethality in comparison to both 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea and the effect previously observed for the lymphoma cells. Although no recovery from potentially lethal damage was noted for both exponentially growing and stationary-phase cells treated with each agent, in split-dose experiments, LoVo cells were able to recover from sublethal damage. No significant cell cycle stage dependent differences in killing ability were observed for the two agents.

Carmustine↗
PubMed1979

Combination chemotherapy with VM 26 and CCNU in primary malignant brain tumors.

Twenty-seven patients with inoperable or recurrent primary malignant brain tumors after previous resection and/or radiotherapy, were treated with corticosteroids and a combination chemotherapy consisting of VM 26 and CCNU. There were 15 (55%) patients that responded, three with a complete and 12 with a partial response with a mean duration of response of 13.4 months. Toxicity was mainly hematological and of acceptable degree. Combination chemotherapy with VM 26 and CCNU is well tolerated and can be administered on an out-patient basis. In our experience it is better than single agent chemotherapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Morphological responses of benign human prostatic hypertrophic tissue to chemotherapeutic agents in an in vitro culture system.

The in vitro maintenance of hypertrophic tissue with fluid containing cytotoxic drugs showed more degenerative changes in prostatic epithelium and stroma of the tissue compared with concurrently cultured aliquots of control tissue. It is suggested that theses morphological changes can be related with functional activity of the tissue. The mechanism of such an action is at present unsettled, but an interference on known enzymatic systems regulating prostatic growth seems likely. This system provides an added technique for the evaluation of drugs considered for possible therapeutic testing in human prostatic cancer states.

Aged↗