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At least 1,477 records · Page 82Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Effects of legislation on motor vehicle injuries to children.

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of a child passenger safety law on pediatric motor vehicle trauma, as seen from the perspective of a hospital emergency room setting. The data were obtained from an ongoing monitoring system consisting of nine hospital emergency rooms in Orange County, California, and the county coroner's office. All children under the age of 15 years evaluated in the monitored emergency rooms after involvement in a motor vehicle crash were included. The years 1981 and 1982 constituted the prelaw period; 1983 and 1984, the postlaw period. Those children 4 years of age or older, namely, those who were not covered by the child safety law, were the control population. The major findings for children less than 4 years of age were that (1) restraint use increased from 26% in the prelaw period to 50% in the postlaw period; (2) a significant decrease in the number of injured was documented; (3) head injuries decreased by 17%; and (4) hospital emergency room utilization did not decrease.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1976

Nutrition and flavour-legislation.

Our food laws have to provide for safety of food and to ensure that the consumer is not misled. We are no longer in a position to manufacture food without additives and especially without flavours. For physiological reasons, our food should be offered in a wide variety; an increasing number of food preparations has no natural flavour at all and needs to be flavoured and the industrial manufacture of food requires the flavours to be properly developed in order to withstand the sometimes rather drastic conditions of manufacture. The safety of flavours and flavouring substances is discussed. It is shown that the class of nature-identical flavouring substances has to be treated separately for practical purposes of food control and because the substances of this group offer more certainty with regard to their safety. Some suggestions are made regarding the proper labelling of food which contains flavours. The IOFI (International Organization of the Flavour Industry) model law is discussed which should serve as a basic proposal for the international harmonisation of national food laws.

Europe↗
PubMed1977

The effect of recent FDA legislation on contraceptive development and safety.

By law, medical devices with a potential hazard to health or safety are not subject to the same premarket approval and scientific review processes as drugs. Manufacturers of intrauterine contraceptive devices and new instruments or devices for surgical sterilization will be required to present evidence of their products' effectiveness and safety to a United States Food and drug Administration advisory panel made up of physicians and scientists from outside the agency. Hazards previously experienced with contraceptive devices and requirements for testing new devices are described.

Female↗