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At least 1,477 records · Page 82Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Effect of truncal vagotomy on electromechanical activity of the gastric antrum and the duodenum in conscious dogs].

Using 5 conscious mongrel dogs, a study was conducted to investigate the vagotomy on gastroduodenal movements. At the first operation, the electrodes and strangage force transducers were attached to the antrum and duodenum; after making an electromyogram and recording contraction waves simultaneously, a transthoracic truncal vagotomy (TV) was performed and similar recordings were done. In order to evaluate the effect of TV on antral motility as well as antroduodenal coordination, the motility of the antrum and average contraction force per time unit were measured before and after TV. Furthermore induced inhibition and propagated excitation were analyzed referring to lag cross correlations before and after TV. The results were as follows: As compared with pre-vagotomy values, the post-vagotomy measured amount of motility as well as the average contraction force were reduced. Before TV in digestive state both propagated excitation and induced inhibition could be recognized. During phase II in digestive state only propagated excitation could be demonstrated, while in phase III both were absent. After TV in digestive state propagated excitation was noted, but the propagating time was shorter than before TV. Induced inhibition could not be demonstrated any longer. Furthermore, during phases II and III in the interdigestive state both were not noted.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1986

[Selectivity of inhibition of enzyme secretion by the pancreas after introduction of amylase into the duodenum].

Intraduodenal administration of both pancreatic and vegetative amylase induces inhibition of pancreatic secretion of the amylase. The secretion activated with intraduodenal administration of oxidized hydrolysine or i.v. administration of secretin, is also inhibited. High doses of intraduodenal amylase inhibit secretion of the juice's other components too. I.v. amylase inhibit secretion of bicarbonates and hydrolases in the pancreas. The selective inhibiting effect of amylase is sharply reduced with starch solution. The duodenum seems to be able to inhibit selectively the pancreatic enzymes secretion, this mechanism participating in urgent adaptations of the pancreatic juice enzyme range to properties of duodenal chyme.

Amylases↗
PubMed1987

[Selectivity of inhibition of pancreatic enzyme secretion after lipase administration into the duodenum].

Administration of lipase into the duodenum inhibits pilase secretion and, to a lesser extent, secretion of proteinases in dogs. The inhibitory effect is prevented by simultaneous administration of cotton oil and hydrolysine acidized up to pH-2. The lipolytic activity of duodenal chyme seems to play a major part in correction of pancreatic juice enzyme range in urgent adaptation of pancreatic secretion to a type of consumed food.

Amylases↗
PubMed1989

[The effects of calcium channel blockers on the frequency and amplitude of the spontaneous contractions and the responses to acetylcholine on isolated rat duodenum].

The effects of calcium channel blockers on the frequency, amplitude of the spontaneous contractions and responses to acetylcholine are investigated in isolated duodenum of rat. Verapamil, diltiazem and nifedipine were used as calcium channel blockers. All the blockers decreased the frequency significantly. When the effects of verapamil, diltiazem and nifedipine were compared with each other, significant difference was not found. Nifedipine, diltiazem and verapamil significantly reduced the amplitude of spontaneous contraction by blocking the influx of calcium ions. On the other hand, they reduced the responses to acetylcholine significantly, comparing with control groups.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1989

Role of acid base balance and mucosal blood flow in alkaline secretion of rabbit duodenum.

Alkaline secretion of the duodenal mucosa is thought to be an important protective mechanism against luminal acid. This study was designed to investigate the role of acid base balance and mucosal blood flow for duodenal alkaline secretion in an in vivo preparation. Segments of proximal duodenum of anaesthetised New Zealand white rabbits were canulated and perfused in situ. Alkaline secretion (pH-stat method), mucosal blood flow, arterial pO2, pCO2 and HCO-3 were measured. We have found that metabolic alkalosis and glucagon led to a significant increase in alkaline secretion, while metabolic acidosis and vasopressin significantly reduced it. Mucosal blood flow was significantly changed under glucagon and vasopressin.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1989

[Gangliocytic paraganglioma of the duodenum].

In a 49-year-old patient who was investigated because of abdominal complaints we found a polypoid tumor in duodenum near the papilla of Vater. The histological investigation after endoscopical polypectomy showed the rare case of a gangliocytic paraganglioma. After complete endoscopical removal no further intervention is necessary.

Duodenal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

The role of Brunner's glands in the mucosal protection of the proximal part of duodenum.

In the course of a prospective study authors examined the role of the hyperplasia of Brunner's glands in the mucosal protection of proximal part of duodenum in patients with peptic ulcer, chronic pancreatitis and chronic renal insufficiency. Their method for this study was the histological examination of the endoscopic biopsy specimens. The hyperplasia of Brunner's glands occurs with significant frequency in all the three examined groups of patients, while we found it less frequently in the controls. Hyperplasia of Brunner's glands is one of the protective mechanisms of the organism, which serves the protection of the duodenal mucosa between the pyloric ring and the papilla of Vater, against the damaging effect of the hydrochloric acid.

Brunner Glands↗
PubMed1989

[Mechanical anastomosis on the second duodenum. Value, technics and indications].

The authors present 50 anastomoses on the second part of duodenum after gastrectomy, that were done for gastro-duodenal ulcer in 24 patients, gastric carcinoma for 20 patients and post-gastrectomy syndromes in 5 patients. The mechanical procedure provide excellent security (without leakage) and was easy to perform. When it is necessary to make the restoration of duodenal continuity, this device is a good technical solution.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Subcutaneous rupture of the duodenum].

The results of the treatment of 7 patients with subcutaneous rupture of the duodenum are analysed. The correct diagnosis before the operation was established in 1 case only. At operation, a retroperitoneal hematoma with a dash of bile, and a retroperitoneal emphysema as well were revealed in all the patients. The closure of the rupture, drainage of the subhepatic and retroperitoneal space, duodenal decompression in 3 patients by means of intubation with the two-lumen probe, in 2--creation of gastroduodenoanastomosis were performed. One patient underwent Roux-en-Y duodenostomy. Two patients died.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1989

[Tubulo-villous adenoma of the duodenum: case report and review of the literature].

In the literature only 123 cases of tubulovillous adenoma of the duodenum have so far been reported. This rare tumor can be readily diagnosed by endoscopy or hypotonic duodenography. Complete surgical or endoscopic removal is necessary in view of cancerous degeneration in 53% of cases. Depending on the localization, extension and size of the tumor, duodenal segment resection, duodenotomy and submucosal excision or duodenopancreatectomy is the best surgical procedure.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Echography of the stomach and duodenum in children in health and disease].

The paper is concerned with the results of echography of the stomach and duodenum in 100 healthy children aged 1 month to 15 years and in 141 children with different types of gastritis, duodenitis and peptic ulcer. Echographic investigation of these hollow organs was made possible after their acoustic filling with 5% glucose solution. Echography permitted fast and reliable differentiation of the type and site of stomach and duodenal lesions, determining the presence of a gastroduodenal reflux and sizes of an ulcerative defect of the duodenal wall.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Morphofunctional characteristics of the duodenum in the early stages of experimental escherichiosis].

Using the model of experimental colibacillosis in mice morphological, immunomorphological and morphometrical studies of duodenum 1 to 24 hours after inoculation were performed. Typical dynamics of cellular composition in the intestinal wall, accompanied with increased lymphoplasmacellular infiltration, and dystrophic changes in cells of submucosal and intermuscular neuroplexuses were found. The data obtained testify, that the infectious process at the acute state of experimental colibacillosis has an immune character (immediate hypersensitivity of local type), characterised by increasing in immunoglobulin-containing cells and including in this process of mast and endocrine cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[An unusual complication after the partial resection of the ascending duodenum of a cow].

In a heifer portions of the ascending duodenum, which had been perforated by an obstructing phytobezoar, were resected. This resulted in an unexpected complication. The shortened ligamentum duodenocolicum exerted steady traction on the descending colon. This traction caused a kink and finally resulted in a total obstruction of the colon. The pathogenesis of this complication is illustrated. Surgical--possibly preventive--procedures are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[The role of the duodenojejunal flexure in regulating the motor evacuatory function of the duodenum].

The authors studied the macro- and microstructure of the Treitz ligament and duodenojejunal flexure in 92 cadavers. The variants of the Treitz ligament diversion from the duodenojejunal flexure, its topographic anatomy are described. The effect of the Treitz ligament transection on evacuatory function of the duodenum in 3 dogs was studied. The authors consider the Treitz ligament and duodenojejunal flexure as a valve, which regulates the duodenal content emptying. The possible mechanisms of the duodenojejunal valve functioning are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

The duodenum. Part 3: Pathology.

Duodenal pathology includes various developmental malformations and acquired lesions. This report provides brief descriptions of various congenital anomalies of the duodenum, including stenosis and atresia, annular pancreas and ectopic duodenal pancreatic tissue, megaduodenum, duodenal diverticula, preduodenal portal vein, and paraduodenal fossae. Acquired lesions, such as duodenal ulcer, tumors, vascular compression, and duodenal trauma are also described.

Duodenal Diseases↗
PubMed1989

Injuries of the duodenum.

The incidence of duodenal injury in patients operated on for abdominal injury by the Accident Service of Johannesburg Hospital was 2.71%. A study was made of 33 patients. From the results of treatment it is concluded that minor injuries of the duodenum are adequately treated by suturing and nasogastric suction, but more severe injuries require resection and additional decompression with a jejunostomy or gastrostomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Pathological features and treatment of ulcerative lesions of the duodenum associated with Crohn's disease].

Among a total of 22 patients with Crohn's disease, eight patients with duodenal ulcerative lesions were investigated for pathological features and treatment. All duodenal ulcerative lesions of the eight patients were difficult to be distinguished morphologically from peptic duodenal ulcers at the beginning. But during the course of observation six of eight lesions revealed different pathological features from peptic duodenal ulcers: One showed highly edematous mucosa. Four granular mucosa, and another one longitudinal ulcers and cobblestone appearance. Gastric analysis of these patients showed 6.6 +/- 4.0 mEq/L of BAO and 21.3 +/- 3.4 mEq/L of MAO which was comparable to high acidity of peptic duodenal ulcers. Effectiveness of administration of anti-peptic ulcer drugs only and both anti-peptic ulcer drugs plus drugs against Crohn's disease were 40.0% and 57.1%, respectively. Two patients underwent distal partial gastrectomy. Recurrence was not observed. In conclusion, high acidity would be a cause of duodenal ulcerative lesions associated with Crohn's disease, and the pathological features of them would be affected by Crohn's disease itself. Anti-peptic ulcer drugs should to be administered as well as drugs against Crohn's disease. The method which has hypoacidity effect should be selected in operative therapy to such patients as to have stenosis of the duodenum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Differentiation of the effects of antispasmodic agents on the electromyogram of the sphincter of Oddi and the duodenum of the alert rabbit].

The electrical activity of the sphincter of Oddi and gastro-intestinal tract had been recorded on 21 negative atropineesterase conscious rabbits by means of chronically implanted electrodes located in the digestive wall. An analysis of the action of different spasmolytic and analgesic drugs was realized. Electromyograms of the sphincter of Oddi presented (a) isolated or in series spike potentials occurring independently of electrical activities of the duodenum (b) recurring spike potentials correlated with intestine spikes. The independent activity of the sphincter of Oddi was not controlled by the cholinergic system, contrary to the intestine-dependent activity (effect of the fempiverinium, atropine like drug). The pitofenone had inhibited the spike potentials of both the sphincter and intestine because its papaverinic effect. The noramidopyrine, analgesic drug without morphine-like effects, had induced activation and inhibition at low and high posology respectively.

Ampulla of Vater↗