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Results for “DEPERSONALIZATION”

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PubMed1993

[Cotard's syndrome in chronic schizophrenia].

A middle-aged woman who developed Cotard's syndrome after suffering from chronic schizophrenia is described. She had the delusion of negation believing that she had no possessions, but also her lung, heart, and intestines were gone. She also considered herself immortal. Medication was not useful in removing her delusions of negation and immortality.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1993

The perverse attitude toward reality.

Freud's (1940a) tentative distinction between the defensive maneuvers in neurosis and those in perversion can be extended to good clinical effect. In general, neurotic defenses may be thought of as directed against wishes, whereas perverse defenses are directed against perceived reality. It is suggested that the perverse approach to reality is not limited to frank sexual perversions; it defines a class of operations that involve taking certain liberties with reality. Clinical material is used to demonstrate the perverse attitude and some of its implications for technique. The role of the superego is considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The impact of technology on patients and families.

The continuing evolution of the highly specialized, technologic manner in which we provide care in critical care units has potentially hazardous effects on the physical and psychological well-being of patients and family members. Although the ICU environment possesses characteristics that make patients and families prone to undesirable sequelae, critical care nurses can employ creative strategies to minimize the impact of bedside technology that is so important for the survival and recovery of the critically ill patient. Strategies to reduce the psychological impact of the ICU environment begin with a psychosocial assessment of the meaning patients and families attach to bedside technology. This assessment will strengthen nurse, patient, and family interactions, as well as guide patient and family education and sensory information to reduce fear and anxiety often associated with threatening procedures. Facilitating touch and family involvement in the patient's care during visitation is another strategy to humanize the technologic environment. Managing the environment is essential to reduce the physical impact of the ICU environment. Nurses can manipulate the use of equipment to reduce crowding and noise at the bedside, foster familiar activities to stimulate the patient's other senses, and facilitate sleep patterns by structuring nursing activities and providing comfort measures. These nursing interventions will reduce the effects of sensory overload/deprivation and sleep deprivation and, it is hoped, prevent ICU psychosis.

Anxiety↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Experience of a double or heautoscopy. Psychopathological review and case report].

OBJECTIVE: According to Jaspers, the experience of the double is on of the darkest, heterogeneous and worst studied psychopathological concepts. This research intends to contribute to its clarification and delimitation. METHOD: We present a clinical case that presented the experience of the double associated to despersonalization, nontypical somatizations, eating disorders and a serious suicidal behaviour. The concept of experience of the double is revised following the clinical description and the psychopathological contributions of different authors. RESULTS: Nowadays, the most accepted term to refer to the experience of the double is "autoscopyc"--to watch oneself--although it would be more correct, etymologicaly, to talk about "beautoscopic" since what it really happens is a deceptive perception of oneself. DISCUSSION: We agree with recent authors in restricting the concept of "beautoscopyc" to those cases in which the own image is visualized. Furthermore, it is necessary to make an effort to clarify if it deals with a specific disorder or a non-specific phenomenon associated to different medical or psychiatric disorders.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Validation study of the dissociative experiences scale in Spanish population sample].

Bernstein and Putnam's Dissociative Experiences Scale is a standarized, often validated instrument, useful in the screening of dissociative symptoms. We applied the scale in a Spenish population sample in order to obtain baseline data regarding dissociative experiences in our country. On the other hand, we persued a transcultural validation of the scale. We found in our sample similar data as those obtained in other American and European studies, although Spanish psychiatric patients seem to have a notable difficulty in handling with the concept of "amount of time" used in the scale as a cuantification of the different dissociative experiences.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Phenomenologic analysis of somatic symptoms in melancholia].

Our presentation is exclusively concerning << somatic >> symptoms, for which non organic basis has been found as yet, which therefore are pure symptoms of bodily experience. As localised disturbances of bodily sensations (cenestopathies) of melancholics they are not only differentiated from somatic symptoms in the above mentioned narrow sense but also from the somatizing syndrom as well as from hypochondria. They can also be differentiated from disturbances of bodily sensations of schizophrenics. Our phenomenological analysis does not only ask for the descriptive phenomenology of these symptoms but also for the << logos >>, i.e. the essence of these phenomena. With the aid of this phenomeno-<< logical >> analysis these disturbances of bodily sensations are seen as a special kind of depersonalisation what we call a melancholic depersonalisation.

Depersonalization↗
PubMed1997

[Significance of membership in new religious movements for regulation of self concept exemplified by the Hare Krischna movement].

222 members of the Hare-Krishna-Movement were investigated with the Narcissism Inventory by Deneke and Hilgenstock (1989). The results show that life in the Hare-Krishna-Movement makes certain defensive functions possible. The Hare Krishnas seem to reach a stabilization of their self experience through idealizing transferences and overemphasizing their value-system. High scores on the scale derealisation/depersonalisation hint at an ego-weakness of the members.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Burnout and issues of the work environment reported by general dental practitioners in the United Kingdom.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate causes of burnout among general dental practitioners. DESIGN: A cross-sectional investigation. SETTING: General dental practices in two areas of the UK and a group of continuing education sessions. SUBJECTS: 325 general dental practitioners, composed of two random samples recruited from two areas of the United Kingdom and an opportunistic sample, recruited from continuing education sessions. OUTCOME MEASURES: Levels of burnout, as measured by scores on one of the three burnout sub-scales--emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and personal accomplishment. RESULTS: Respondents were more likely to report high levels of emotional exhaustion and low levels of personal accomplishment if they worked in practices with few other dentists. Those respondents reporting high levels of depersonalisation were more likely to provide a greater proportion of care through the National Health Service. CONCLUSIONS: Burnout in this sample of general dental practitioners was related to features of their work organisation structure rather than necessarily due to an involvement with patients or the respondents' personal characteristics. Levels of social support in the workplace, measured here by the number of dentists in a practice, appear to have a protective effect against some aspects of burnout.

Adult↗