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At least 1,477 records · Page 82Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Microarray DNA chip in analyzing the association between HLA-DRB and advanced hepatosplenic schistosomiasis].

OBJECTIVE: To explore possible associations between host polymorphism of HLA class II genotypes and advanced hepatosplenic schistosomiasis japonica. METHODS: 45 advanced schistosomiasis patients (experimental group) and 44 age- and sex-matched patients with chronic schistosomiasis (control group) from the same area were investigated for their HLA class II gene DRB genotypes by genotyping the alleles using microarray DNA chip. The correlation of allele frequencies to advanced hepatosplenic schistosomiasis was compared for the two groups. RESULTS: HLA-DRB1*04x exhibited markedly higher frequency in advanced patients than that in control group (P < 0.01, RR = 3.928). In contrast, the frequency of HLA-DRB1*15x in advanced patients was much lower when compared with that in control group (P < 0.01, RR = 0.050). Besides, the significant allele HLA-DRB1*15x displayed concurrence with allele DRB5*010x/020x. The linked gene haplotype DRB1*15x-DRB5*010x/020x showed significantly higher incidence in control group than in experimental group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Allele HLA-DRB1*04x is positively, while HLA-DRB1*15x is negatively, correlated with advanced hepatosplenic schistosomiasis.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Role of CC chemokines and their receptors in multiple aspects of mast cell biology: comparative protein profiling of FcepsilonRI- and/or CCR1-engaged mast cells using protein chip technology.

Apart from the FcepsilonRI-mediated mechanism, mast cells are activated by chemokines. Evidence has accumulated indicating that there is cross-talk between the FcepsilonRI-mediated signalling pathway and CC chemokine receptor (CCR)-mediated signalling pathways in mast cells. We have found that costimulation with IgE/antigen and CC chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3) enhances degranulation but inhibits chemotaxis of rat basophilic leukaemia (RBL)-2H3 cells expressing human CCR1 (RBL-CCR1 cells). We hypothesize that this signalling cross-talk in mast cells may play important roles in the orchestration and focusing of the allergic response. In this study, we have sought information about global protein networks either enhanced or inhibited following cross-talk between the FcepsilonRI-mediated and CCR-mediated signalling pathways in mast cells. We believe this information may be useful for providing an understanding of mast cell function and in the establishment of new anti-inflammatory drugs for allergic diseases. Proteomics is a promising tool for studying protein profiles within biological samples and facilitates an understanding of the complex responses of an organism to a stimulus. Here, we show comparative data of protein profiles derived from FcepsilonRI-engaged and/or CCR1-engaged RBL-CCR1 cells using protein chip array technology, a proteomic technology. We also discuss our view of the role of CC chemokines and CCRs in regulating multiple aspects of mast cell biology.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Gene chip analyses reveal differential genetic responses to iron deficiency in rat duodenum and jejunum.

Previous studies revealed novel genetic changes in the duodenal mucosa of iron-deprived rats during postnatal development. These observations are now extended to compare the genetic response to iron deficiency in the duodenum versus jejunum of 12-wk-old rats. cRNA samples were prepared from the duodenal and jejunal mucosa of three groups each of control and iron-deficient rats and hybridized with RAE 230A and 230B gene chips (Affymetrix). Stringent data reduction strategies were employed. Results showed that several genes were similarly induced in both gut segments, including DMT1, Dcytb, transferrin receptor 1, heme oxygenase 1, metallothionein, the Menkes copper ATPase (ATP7A), tripartitie motif protein 27, and the sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter. However, a subset of genes showed regulation in only one or the other gut segment. In duodenum only, gastrokine 1, trefoil factor 1 and claudin 2 were induced by iron-deficiency. Other genes previously identified were only regulated in the duodenum. Overall, these studies demonstrate similarities and distinct differences in the genetic response to iron deprivation in the duodenum versus jejunum and provide evidence that more distal gut segments also may play a role in increasing iron absorption in iron-deficiency anemia.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[Application research on the flow-through hybridization and gene chip in human papillomavirus detection].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of flow-through hybridization and gene chip (HybriMax) on female low genital human papillomavirus (HPV) detection and to identify the most common HPV genotypes. METHODS: Five hundred and ninety-one of 7520 women who received cervical cancer screening in China-Japan Friendship Hospital during Jun 2004 to May 2005 were selected for 21 genotypes HPV detecting by HybriMax, including 138 women with normal cytological diagnosis and 453 women with abnormal cytological diagnosis. The abnormal patients were classified into groups according to their histological diagnosis as chronic cervicitis, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) I, II, III, cervical cancer and condyloma acuminata. Among them 413 women were tested with HC-II for 13 types of high-risk HPV, and 101 paraffin-embedded specimens from these 453 patients were detected for HPV16, 18 with in situ hybridization (ISH). The accordance of the results was compared. The infection rates of each HPV type for each group were calculated. RESULTS: The total accordant rate of HybriMax and HC-II on 13 types of high-risk HPV detecting was 92.5% (382/413) and was 100.0% in group of cancer. The accordance was good, and the Kappa index (KI) was as below: overall 0.814, in normal group 0.750, in chronic cervicitis 0.781, in CIN I 0.755, in CIN II 0.619, in CIN III 0.548, in condyloma acuminata 0.800. The accordant rate of HybriMax and ISH was 89.1% (90/101), and KI was 0.766. The 10 most common genotypes were (in descending sequences): in normal group 16, 68, 18, 52, 58, 11, 53, 31, 39, 33; in abnormal group 16, 52, 58, 18, 33, 31, 81, 53, 68, 66, in cervical cancer 16, 18, 52, 58, 33, 66, 68, 31, 51, 53. CONCLUSIONS: HybriMax has good accordance to HC-II and ISH for HPV detection. It provides useful information on viral genotype and is more suitable for clinical use. The 6 most common genotypes in abnormal cytological group are 16, 18, 52, 58, 33, 31.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

The evolution of lab-on-A-chip: the Micro-Tele-BioChip.

The vision of multianalyte point-of-care diagnostics (POCT) is a handheld device that every patient can use easily for continuous monitoring of, for example, drug efficiency in the treatment of chronic diseases. Technologies are needed to realise this vision. Some are described here in the prototyping and industrial production of a disposable chip for the Micro-Tele-BioChip (muTBC) platform. muTBC is a technology platform that can be customised to meet specific requirements in drug safety and POCT.

Drug Therapy↗
PubMed2006

Multiparametric sensor-chip based technology for monitoring metabolic activity: A proof-of-principle study with live tissue.

The recent development of an electronic test system based on silicon sensor-chips allows the continuous parallel recording of relative changes in extracellular acidification, oxygen consumption and electric impedance in living cells. The objective of this proof-of-principle study therefore, was to clarify whether this system can also be applied to live tissue slices thus providing a device for an ultimately envisioned chemosensitivity testing apparatus for individualized treatment schemes in cancer therapy. A prototype of the testing apparatus equipped with six individual measuring devices has been used to simultaneously analyze changes in extracellular acidification, oxygen consumption and electronic impedance in live liver tissue and compared to data obtained from a tumor cell line. In contrast to tumor cells, tissue slices showed low rates of extracellular acidification but high rates of oxygen consumption. Monitoring of electrical impedance values, reflecting cellular morphology, revealed that the compact cell structure of the tissue slices was able to function as electric insulator and actively change the impedance values of the system. Exposure of tumor cells to 1 microM cytochalasin B, a fungal metabolite known to interact with the cytoskeleton and influence glucose metabolism, resulted in the rapid decline of extracellular acidification, increased oxygen consumption rates and increased values in capacitance. In tissue slices upon addition of 1 microM cytochalasin B, a decline of both extracellular acidification and electrical impedance was observed within 1 h. Determination of ATP content in the tissue slices revealed that decreasing ATP content paralleled diminishing oxygen consumption. This new technique offers the possibility of generating metabolic profiles for cells and tissues by studying oxygen consumption, extracellular acidification and electrical impedance.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1991

Real-time biospecific interaction analysis using surface plasmon resonance and a sensor chip technology.

We report here the development and application of a biosensor-based technology that employs surface plasmon resonance for label-free studies of molecular interactions in real time. The sensor chip interface, comprising a thin layer of gold deposited on a glass support, is derivatized with a flexible hydrophilic polymer to facilitate the attachment of specific ligands to the surface and to increase the dynamic range for surface concentration measurements. The sensor can be used to measure surface concentrations down to 10 pg/mm2. Typical coefficients of variation are from two to five percent. We anticipate that the ability to monitor multi-molecular complexes as they form will greatly contribute to the understanding of biorecognition and the structural basis of molecular function.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

[The use of homologous spongiosa chips in the treatment of juvenile bone cysts].

Juvenile bone cysts are characterized by trials of hypothetic interpretations in case of aetiology and general disagreement in relation to indicated therapy. The therapeutic spectrum is ranging from primary conservative treatment till subtotal e.g. total cyst resections. Because in juveniles a quantitative limitation for gathering of autogenous material exists the use of allogenous cancellous bone chips has a definitive place in treatment strategy.

Bone Cysts↗
PubMed1990

Effects of five platinum complexes (cis-DDP, trans-DDP, CHIP IV, CBDCA, oxo-Pt) on the induction of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and chromosomal aberrations in Vicia faba root-tip cells.

In a population of plant meristematic cells of Vicia faba the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), incidence of chromosomal aberrations and mitotic activity of cells was evaluated after short-term treatment (1 h) with antitumour active platinum complexes cis-DDP, CHIP IV, CBDCA, oxo-Pt and antitumour inactive trans-DDP. It was found that the action of platinum compounds in equimolar concentration 3.33 microM increases the level of SCEs 1.3 to 6.4-fold. The maximum effect in terms of SCE formation was observed after cis-DDP. Comparison of the incidence of SCEs and chromosomal aberrations in plant cells demonstrated that the tested drugs had a greater effect on SCE formation than on chromosomal aberration induction. Inhibition of mitotic activity correlated with the total cytogenetic damage to chromosomes of Vicia faba cells.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1989

[Cosmetic cranioplasty using the bone chips and Biobond (EDH-adhesive): technical note].

A new and simple cosmetic procedure for the prevention of skin depression produced by burr-holes was presented. A mixture of the bone chips obtained at craniotomy and Biobond in a volume ratio of 7:3 was used to fill the bone defect of the burr-holes in 65 cases. The postoperative appearance was excellent cosmetically. This mixture had good plasticity, and could be formed into any irregular shape desired, and there was no increase in the incidence of infectious complications.

Bone Transplantation↗
PubMed1986

Vestibular morphological analysis of the effects of cisplatin vs. platinum analogs, CBDCA (JM-8) and CHIP (JM-9).

Synthetic second generation chemotherapeutic platinum analogs are presently being tested to identify an analog with greater antitumor activity, but less ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity than cisplatin. The objective of this study was to analyze potential vestibular effects of cisplatin and of the two platinum analogs, CBDCA (cis-diammine 1,1-cyclobutane dicarboxylato [2]-0,0(1) platinum or JM-8) and CHIP (cis-dichlorotrans-dihydroxy-bis(isopropylamine) platinum [IV] or JM-9) using scanning and transmission electron microscopy of vestibular neuroepithelium from the albino guinea pig. Vestibular neuroepithelial damage was not demonstrated in either cisplatin- or the analog-treated animals when administered at equitoxic doses.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Arthroscopic surgery for the treatment of osteochondral chip fractures in the equine carpus.

The technique and results of arthroscopic surgery for the removal of osteochondral fragments from 1,000 carpal joints in 591 horses are reported. Of the 591 horses, 580 were racehorses (including 349 Quarter Horses and 220 Thoroughbreds). The distal aspect of the radial carpal bone was the most commonly affected site, followed by the proximal aspect of the intermediate carpal bone and distolateral aspect of the radius. More than one carpal joint was simultaneously operated on in 58.9% of the Quarter Horses and in 37.4% of the Thoroughbreds. Marked differences in the amount of damage were noted at arthroscopy, compared with what was observed on radiography. Arthroscopic surgery was an effective technique for removing the osteochondral fragments as well as for treating other lesions. The overall functional ability as well as cosmetic appearance of the limbs were excellent. There was no postoperative intra-articular infection. Postsurgical follow-up information was obtained for 445 racehorses. After surgery, 303 (68.1%) raced at a level equal to or better than their preinjury level, 49 (11.0%) had decreased performance or still had problems referable to the carpus, 23 (5.2%) were retired without returning to training, 28 (6.3%) sustained another chip fracture, 32 (7.2%) developed other problems, and 10 (2.2%) sustained collapsing slab fractures while racing. When horses were separated into 4 categories of articular damage, the performance in the 2 most severely affected groups was significantly inferior. One hundred thirty-three of 187 horses with grade-1 damage (71.1%), 108 of 144 with grade-2 damage (75.0%), 41 of 77 with grade-3 damage (53.2%), and 20 of 37 horses with grade-4 damage (54.1%) returned to racing at a level equal to or better than their preinjury level. In examining the prognosis relative to site of the fracture, the prognosis for both breeds was worst with lesions of the third carpal bone.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Clinical development of iproplatin (CHIP).

The clinical development of the second generation platinum complex iproplatin (CHIP) is reviewed. The compound was virtually non-nephrotoxic in preclinical toxicology studies and had myelosuppression as its dose-limiting toxicity in rats and dogs. A phase I study of 20-350 mg/m2 given every 3-4 weeks showed the compound to have myelosuppression as its dose-limiting toxicity in humans, with thrombocytopenia being the most prominent feature. Nausea and vomiting were almost universal, but were less severe than with cisplatin. Diarrhoea and skin rash were also noted but nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity and ototoxicity were not seen. The maximum tolerated dose was 350 mg/m2, with or without pretreatment hydration. In pharmacokinetic studies three platinum-containing species were measured: total Pt, non-protein bound Pt and unchanged iproplatin. Plasma decay of total Pt was biphasic with a beta-phase half-life of 69.3 h. Plasma decay of unchanged iproplatin was monophasic with a half-life of about 1.17 h. Plasma decay of filterable Pt followed a monophasic pattern at low doses and a biphasic pattern at high doses. Urinary excretion of Pt was widely variable and incomplete. Early data from phase II studies indicate a high degree of activity in small-cell lung cancer; high activity in ovarian carcinoma has been reported by others.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1986

Electronic endoscopy--fibres or chips?

The video endoscope represents a new generation of endoscopic instruments. The main feature is an intragastric CCD-chip transforming the optical impulses into electronic signals. The latter are transmitted without any optical fibre bundle, transformed by a video processor and visualized on a television screen. The present experience show drawbacks in respect to mechanical properties of the endoscopes, to reproduction of colors (esp. red) and photographic documentation. On the other hand the excellent image quality guarantees convenient handling for investigator, information for attending persons (doctors, nurses, students), improved conditions for documentation and control of quality. Although the video-endoscope is not replacing fibre endoscopes at present, further improvement will promote its general acceptance.

Endoscopes↗
PubMed1977

[Biomechanical studies on the stabilization effect of cortico-spongiosa chips in imperfect osteosynthesis].

Stability and plate strain of internally fixed femoral shaft fractures at different sites were tested under bending and compression loads. Stability of osteosynthesis with compression plate was not acutely affected by stresses encountered when standing on one leg. When fractures with a bone defect were treated by plate fixation stability was improved significantly when lateral support was preserved or when a medial cortico-spongious bone chip was used.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Phase I clinical trial of cis-dichloro-trans-dihydroxy-bis-isopropylamine platinum(IV) (CHIP).

cis-Dichloro-trans-dihydroxy-bis-isopropylamine platinum(IV) (CHIP), a second-generation platinum complex with little or no nephrotoxicity in preclinical studies, has undergone phase I clinical testing and initial pharmacokinetic evaluation in 26 patients with solid tumors who received 40 courses of treatment. Doses of 20-350 mg/m2 were evaluated as single 2-hr infusions given every 3 weeks for two doses, with 2 L of pretreatment hydration (but no diuretics) in all but five patients. Nausea and vomiting was almost universal but was severe in only three courses. The dose-limiting toxic effect was myelosuppression, with a median wbc count nadir of 2500/mm3 and a median platelet count nadir of 32,000/mm3 at the maximum tolerated dose of 350 mg/m2. No increase in serum creatinine or decrease in creatinine clearance was seen. No pretreatment hydration was given in five of the seven patients treated at 350 mg/m2. Two cases of hypersensitivity were seen. No hearing loss was observed and no other toxic effects were noted. Plasma decay of total platinum was biexponential with a prolonged beta phase. Recovery of platinum in the urine was rapid up to 8-10 hrs and slow thereafter. Recoveries were incomplete and variable (16.5%-62% of the dose at 48 hrs).

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The CHIPS project: a health information network to serve the consumer.

CHIPS (Consumer Health Information Program and Services/Salud y Bienestar) is a Library Services and Construction Act Title I-funded project that has as its major goal the formation of a health information network to serve the consumer, the public library client, and the hospital patient. Funded for two years, 1976-1978, this bilingual project coordinates efforts of the Los Angeles County Harbor General Hospital Regional Medical Library and the Los Angeles County Carson Regional Public Library to provide health information resources and services to the public. The target population is over two million people of diverse ethnic backgrounds. This paper discusses the project's objectives and encourages an active role for all libraries in the consumer health education movement.

California↗