Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “COMMUNICATION”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,477 records · Page 82Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Experiences of patients who were early adopters of electronic communication with their physician: satisfaction, benefits, and concerns.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the experiences of patients who were early adopters of e-mail communication with their physicians. METHODS: Patients' experiences were assessed with an Internetbased survey of 1881 individuals and in-depth telephone follow-up interviews with 56 individuals who used e-mail to communicate with providers. Two investigators qualitatively coded interview comments independently, with differences adjudicated by group consensus. RESULTS: A total of 311 (16.5%) of the 1881 individuals reported using electronic mail to communicate with their physicians. Compared with the population-based Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey, users of e-mail with physicians were twice as likely to have a college education, were younger, were less frequently ethnic minorities, and more frequently reported fair/poor health. Among the 311 patients who used e-mail with their physicians, the most frequent topics were results of laboratory testing and prescription renewals. However, many of the 311 users (21%) also reported using asynchronous e-mail inappropriately to convey urgent or sensitive issues (suicidality, chest pain, etc). Almost all (95%) perceived that e-mail was more efficient than the telephone. Important benefits uncovered from the interviews were that some patients felt more emboldened to ask questions in e-mail compared with face-to-face communication with doctors, and liked the ability to save the e-mail messages. Users also expressed concerns about privacy. CONCLUSION: Patients that use electronic communication with their physicians find the communication efficient for disease management. Further patient education about inappropriate use of e-mail for urgent issues is needed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Communication and speech disorders and their relationship with psychic development and mental disorders in 8 year old children from the Lódź area].

AIM: The aim of the study was to analyze the occurrence of communication and speech disorders among 8-year-old children in Lódź. The comorbidity of these disorders with mental and somatic disorders was also analysed. We have also studied the correlation between the level of language development and the level of psychic development, and the existence and character of mental disorders. METHOD: The study comprised 7881 children from Lódź, born in 1991. The design of the study was two-stage. Stage I consisted of a screening test, using the Questionnaire of Child-Environment Communication Development, which was sent to the parents of all children. On this basis a group of 58 children with communication disorders was identified, which were further evaluated in the stage II of the study. Stage II consisted of a psychiatric examination, Screening Logopedic Test acc.to Tarkowski, Child Developmental Questionnaire acc. to Rabe-Jabłońska and Gmitrowicz, somatic state evaluation and analysis of the available documentation. RESULTS: In 0.81% of the children communication disorders were found. Speech disorders were present in all cases: in 2/3rds expressive language disorders or mixed receptive-expressive language disorders, in the remaining cases phonological disorders. Estimated frequency of occurrence of specific disorders in the studied population was as follows: specific developmental language disorders 2.9/1000, acquired aphasia with epilepsy 4/10000, autistic disorder 6.4/10000. Over one third of children with a verbal communication disorder suffered also from various neurological and developmental disorders; most of the children showed abnormal mental development (f = 0.86) and mental disorders (f = 0.66). CONCLUSIONS: Poor language development correlated statistically significantly with mental retardation, pervasive developmental disorder and behaviour disorders, caused by brain damage or brain dysfunction. Children with a communication disorder who demonstrated normal language development suffered from social maladaptation or ADHD statistically significantly more frequently.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗
PubMed1978

[Hemodynamics in the anterior part of the circle of Willis in patients with the anterior communicating artery aneurysm--a study by cerebral angiography (author's transl)].

In order to study the cerebral angiographic findings of the hypoplasia of the A1 of the anterior cerebral artery, and the abnormal blood circulation in the anterior part of the circle of Willis, 485 patients who had had at least bilateral carotid angiography and complete data were selected, out of 1,000 patients with cerebral aneurysms to whom intracranial direct surgery had been done from June 1961 to September 1975. Patients with multiple cerebral aneurysms were excluded in this study. Seventy six patients were selected as controls. 1. Cerebral angiography revealed that hypoplasia of the A1 of the anterior cerebral artery is much more frequent in patients with aneurysms of the anterior communicating artery than in those with aneurysms of other intracranial arteries. It was observed in 145 of the 213 patients with aneurysms of the anterior communicating artery (68.1%). As for the hypoplasia of the A1, the angiographic findings corresponded to the surgical findings in 86.9% of all the patients. The incidence of hypoplasia of the left and right A1 portions was higher in patients with aneurysms of the anterior communicating artery than in those with aneurysms of other intracranial arteries. The incidence was about 3 times higher on the right side than on the left side. 2. It was considered that the abnormal blood circulation was observed in the anterior part of the circle of Willis in 155 patients, including 145 with angiographic findings of hypoplasia of a unilateral A1 and 10 with anomalies of the anterior communicating artery or A1 of anterior cerebral artery other than hypoplasia, out of 213 patients with aneurysms of the anterior communicating artery (72.8%). 3. The above findings are considered important for a diagnosis of an aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery and for a surgical approach.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Reverse temporalis muscle flap: treatment of large anterior cranial base defect with direct intracranial-nasopharyngeal communication.

Inadequately managed frontal sinus fracture or sinusitis can pose a major problem of intracranial-nasopharyngeal communication. Life-threatening ascending infection of the intracranium is inevitable unless the intracranium is separated from the nasopharynx. In five patients with frontal bone defect associated with direct intracranial-nasopharyngeal communication, the authors used reverse temporalis muscle flap based on the superficial temporal vessels to obliterate the nasocranial communication. With the authors' method, the nasocranial communication were sealed off permanently, and the ascending infection from intracranial-nasopharyngeal communication was controlled successfully. The reverse temporalis muscle flap, which survives by reversed arterial flow through the vascular connection, exists between the superficial temporal artery and the deep temporal artery in the region of temporalis muscle origin. The reverse temporalis muscle flap is versatile and is recommended especially when other local flaps are not available to obliterate the nasocranial communication.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Primary aorto-enteric communication].

BACKGROUND: Primary aortoenteric communications are a rare and severe complication of abdominal aortic aneurysms or erosions by neoplastic diseases. Early diagnosis and surgical treatment are crucial. Postoperative morbidity and mortality are high. Diagnosis if often made intraoperatively, because the typical clinical feature (digestive haemorrhage, abdominal aneurysmal mass, abdominal pain) is often incomplete and critically ill patients require quick surgical decision and do not allow the use of sophisticated diagnostic tools. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eight cases, observed through 13 years, are presented: six males and two females. Mean age was 61 years; male to female ratio was 3:1. In four cases (50%) a herald bleeding occurred during the days preceding hospital admission. Presenting symptoms were haematemesis (63%), melaena (87%), abdominal pain (63%); six subjects (75%) presented hemorrhagic shock. Only three patients (37%) were aware to be affected with abdominal aortic aneurysm before admission. Diagnosis was always made by clinical feature and urgent laparotomy: two preoperative duodenoscopies were not diagnostic. Aortoduodenal communication occurred in six cases: one of these was secondary to erosion of the aorta by a carcinoma of the pancreas. Aortogastric communication occurred once; the remainder case was a communication between a hypogastric artery aneurysm and the last ileal loop. RESULTS: Surgical operation was carried out in emergency in seven patients: the eight (tumour of the pancreas and aortoduodenal erosion) died before operation. Enteric defect repair, aneurysmectomy and aortic grafting was performed in six cases. In the last case (hypogastric-ileal communication) ligation of the hypogastric artery and ileal segmental resection was performed. Thirty days operative mortality was 58%. CONCLUSION: Despite early recognition and operation, primary aorto-enteric communication remains a severe life threatening disease, bringing high mortality rates. These are clearly affected by shock condition, but a correct surgical technique and prolonged postoperative antibiotic medication to avoid graft infection are mandatory to minimize mortality.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Anxiety in patients with symptomatic breast disease: effects of immediate versus delayed communication of results.

Immediate reporting of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) specimens has been introduced into many breast clinics; in others, women return to a later clinic to receive the result. This delay in communication of results may lead to elevated anxiety. This study compared anxiety levels in two groups having FNAB. One group received results at the initial clinic visit (n = 51), the other having delayed communication (n = 51). Anxiety was measured using the six-item short form of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-SSF) and was administered before and after each consultation. Initial anxiety was high in both groups. Women with malignant results had higher post-communication anxiety compared with women with benign results. However, within the group with benign results (the vast majority), immediate communication was associated with a significantly greater fall in STAI-SSF scores from before to after the first consultation (U = 587.0; P < 0.02). There was no difference between the immediate and delayed communication among women with a malignant diagnosis (U = 26.0; P = 0.91). These results provide preliminary support for the more widespread introduction of a cytologist into breast clinics to allow immediate communication of results.

Anxiety↗
PubMed1997

Managing and communicating information in a new era.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Academic and community-based family physician faculty must be adept at using technology as an information management tool and a vehicle for written communication. Today's family physicians must apply communication and technology skills in the traditional areas of research and education and in the ever-changing world of managed care, which in turn influences research and education. Written communication and computer competencies are interconnected by the need to collect, manage, and share information. While technology is changing the way family physicians practice, teach, and conduct research, the written word remains one of the most important means for communicating that information to others. This article summarizes the literature on competencies needed, methods used to prepare faculty, evidence of effectiveness of the methods, and recommendations for faculty development activities specific to communication of the written word, emphasizing information technology. We highlight gaps in that literature and offer a revised set of competencies for managing and communicating information in the context of a managed care environment.

Computer Literacy↗
PubMed2005

Is there a cost to poor communication in cancer care?: a critical review of the literature.

In this paper, the authors engage in a critical analysis of the existing empirical literature which addresses the impact of ineffective communication between cancer patients and clinicians. It is increasingly accepted that communication plays a significant role in many aspects of the care experience, and that poor communication can have a significantly negative influence on the patient's psychosocial experience, symptom management, treatment decisions, and quality of life. However, scant attention has been given to the idea that poor communication may also have an economic impact worthy of attention. This area has not been the focus of systematic inquiry or substantive critical consideration. On the basis of critical analysis of the limited empirical evidence that exists across a wide range of studies in related areas, the authors propose that the existential and material costs associated with poor communication in cancer care may well be considerable, and conclude with a call to mobilize a heightened enthusiasm for addressing the research challenges in this field.

Communication↗
PubMed2005

The communication goals and needs of cancer patients: a review.

The aim of this review paper is to critique the empirical literature pertaining to the communication needs and goals of cancer patients, and to provide direction for research in this area. According to the conceptual framework of Feldman-Stewart et al., patient-physician communication occurs for the fundamental purpose of addressing each participant's goal(s). This review is divided into two categories of goals: (a) optimal medical management of the cancer, and (b) optimal attention to the patient's psychosocial response to cancer. Optimal medical management includes discussions about disease status and the treatment plan, and the effectiveness of these discussions is frequently determined by assessing patient understanding, satisfaction, and well-being. The literature suggests that cancer patients continue to have unmet communication needs, and communication outcomes are enhanced when physicians attend to the emotional needs of patients. Research gaps in communication research are highlighted, including the need for additional study of several external factors affecting the patient and provider.

Communication↗
PubMed1998

First sexual intercourse: anticipation and communication. Interviews with young people in England.

This study investigated anticipation and communication around first sexual intercourse through semi-structured interviews with young people (aged 16 to 29) in England. Ranging from surprise to pre-planning, several different levels of anticipation are explored. The main findings are as follows: communication plays a central role, mediating between the degree of anticipation and the degree to which first intercourse is wanted, protected and enjoyed. First intercourse tends to be characterized by silence, especially during early, spontaneous encounters. Silence does not imply lack of communication-non-verbal communication plays an important role. Where young people are ambivalent, verbal and non-verbal communication may send contradictory messages. The implications of the results for future safer sex campaigns are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Visual and acoustic communication in non-human animals: a comparison.

The visual and auditory systems are two major sensory modalities employed in communication. Although communication in these two sensory modalities can serve analogous functions and evolve in response to similar selection forces, the two systems also operate under different constraints imposed by the environment and the degree to which these sensory modalities are recruited for non-communication functions. Also, the research traditions in each tend to differ, with studies of mechanisms of acoustic communication tending to take a more reductionist tack often concentrating on single signal parameters, and studies of visual communication tending to be more concerned with multivariate signal arrays in natural environments and higher level processing of such signals. Each research tradition would benefit by being more expansive in its approach.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1996

Organizational structure and communication strategies of the bypass angioplasty revascularization investigation: a multicenter clinical trial.

Efficient communication is a challenge for the many operating components of a multicenter randomized clinical trial. Traditional management theory states that communications generally flow along a path established by a hierarchical organizational structure. A multicenter clinical trial does not fit traditional organizational models well and requires modification of traditional communication techniques. While the scientific community typically views a clinical trial as one large and cohesive enterprise, at each site the trial may actually be conducted as a small project related to the medical specialty of the investigator. Therefore overall trial management must be accomplished through collaboration rather than through direct management. In the Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation (BARI), the BARI clinical coordinating center has designed and utilized several mechanisms that facilitate effective communication and administrative control of a multicenter clinical trial. These mechanisms provide a framework of communication techniques that accommodate the specific needs of a complex organization.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗
PubMed1994

Sexual communication is associated with condom use by sexually active incarcerated adolescents.

PURPOSE: Incarcerated adolescents are at increased risk for infection by sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Moreover, condom use by this population is extremely low. Although interpersonal variables such as sexual communication have been found to be associated with condom use in other populations, few researchers have investigated this relationship among adolescents requiring detention in juvenile facilities. The present study investigated the relationship between communication about sexual history and incarcerated adolescents' condom use. METHODS: We used multivariate logistic regression techniques to analyze interview data from a predominantly Latino sample of 2,132 sexually active adolescents detained in Los Angeles County Juvenile Hall. RESULTS: Despite high numbers of lifetime sexual partners, a substantial majority of respondents (67%) reported that they never used condoms during sexual intercourse. Respondents who communicated with their sex partner(s) about each others' sexual history were significantly more likely to use condoms during sexual intercourse. Adolescents who reported that they knew someone with AIDS were also more likely to use condoms. CONCLUSIONS: Interventions designed to increase condom use among sexually active incarcerated adolescents should include a component addressing sexual communication practices. More research is needed on the ways in which adolescents learn to communicate about sex.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intelligibility of speech produced during simultaneous communication.

UNLABELLED: This study investigated the overall intelligibility of speech produced during simultaneous communication (SC). Four hearing, experienced sign language users were recorded under SC and speech alone (SA) conditions speaking Boothroyd's (1985) forced-choice phonetic contrast material designed for measurement of speech intelligibility. Twelve hearing-impaired listeners participated, with three of them randomly assigned to audit the speech sample provided by each one of the four speakers under the SC and SA conditions. Although results indicated longer sentence durations for SC than SA, results showed no difference in the overall intelligibility of speech produced during SC versus speech produced during SA, nor any difference in pattern of phonetic contrast recognition errors during SC. This conclusion is consistent with previous research indicating that temporal alterations produced by SC do not produce degradation of temporal or spectral cues in speech or disruption of the perception of specific English phoneme segments. LEARNING OUTCOMES: As a result of this activity, the participant will be able to (1) describe simultaneous communication; (2) explain the role of simultaneous communication in communication with children who are deaf; (3) discuss methods of measuring speech intelligibility; and (4) specify the ability of listeners to perceive speech produced during simultaneous communication.

Communication↗
PubMed1993

Communicating effectively with elderly surgical patients.

Effective communication promotes trusting, productive nurse/patient relationships. It is the perioperative nurse's responsibility to establish effective communication with each patient. Perioperative nurses strive to provide quality care to all patients, including the elderly. Communication barriers often do exist, however, between nurses and elderly patients. Perioperative nurses are challenged, therefore, to recognize potential communication barriers and to manage each nurse/patient relationship accordingly. Clear communication between nurse and patient enhances the elderly patient's ability to progress smoothly through surgery and recovery.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Gender differences in health care provider-patient communication: are they due to style, stereotypes, or accommodation?

This article examines gender differences in health care provider-patient communication within the framework of an ecological model of communication in the medical encounter. The ecological perspective posits that, although health care provider-patient interactions are situated within a number of contexts (e.g. organizational, political, cultural), the interpersonal domain is the primary context within which these interactions unfold. Hence, gender may influence provider-patient interaction to the extent that it can be linked to the interactants' goals, skills, perceptions, emotions, and the way the participants adapt to their partner's communication. The evidence reviewed in this essay indicates that gender differences in medical encounters may come from several sources including differences in men's and women's communicative styles, perceptions of their partners, and in the way they accommodate their partner's behavior during the interaction. However, because gender is but one of many personal and partner variables (e.g. age, ethnicity, personal experiences) that can influence these processes, gender differences are often quite modest (if apparent at all) when examined across a population of health care providers and patients. Implications for future research and communicative skill training are discussed.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2001

Self-initiation of EEG-based communication in paralyzed patients.

OBJECTIVES: Severely paralyzed patients could learn to voluntarily generate slow cortical potential (SCP) shifts in their electroencephalogram and to use these signals to operate a communication device. To enhance the patients' autonomy, the present study describes the development of a permanently available communication system that can be turned on and off by locked-in patients without external assistance. A skill necessary for turning the system on is the ability to regulate one's slow potentials in the absence of continuous feedback. METHODS: A stepwise learning approach was employed to train two paralyzed patients to regulate their SCPs without continuous feedback. Elements of the original communication system were gradually removed and elements of the new stand-by mode were introduced. RESULTS: At the end of the learning procedure, both patients achieved correct response rates of above 84% in training sessions without continuous feedback. This skill enabled them to turn the communication device on and off without assistance from others. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that severely paralyzed individuals can learn to operate an EEG-based communication device autonomously.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Talking nets: a multiagent connectionist approach to communication and trust between individuals.

A multiagent connectionist model is proposed that consists of a collection of individual recurrent networks that communicate with each other and, as such, is a network of networks. The individual recurrent networks simulate the process of information uptake, integration, and memorization within individual agents, and the communication of beliefs and opinions between agents is propagated along connections between the individual networks. A crucial aspect in belief updating based on information from other agents is the trust in the information provided. In the model, trust is determined by the consistency with the receiving agents' existing beliefs and results in changes of the connections between individual networks, called trust weights. These weights lead to a selective propagation and thus to the filtering out of less reliable information, and they implement H. P. Grice's (1975) maxims of quality and quantity in communication. The unique contribution of communicative mechanisms beyond intrapersonal processing of individual networks was explored in simulations of key phenomena involving persuasive communication and polarization, lexical acquisition, spreading of stereotypes and rumors, and a lack of sharing unique information in group decisions.

Communication↗