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PubMed1991

Future fear: prenatal duties imposed by private parties.

The national abortion debate, rising drug use and homelessness, and the return to conservatism intersect in the trend which increasingly recognizes fetal rights, often at the expense of women's rights. Pregnant women, as never before, are faced with criminal charges and physical invasions in the name of protection of fetuses. This Note examines the sociological forces creating these situations and suggests better solutions. The Note cautions against the future fear that private parties will claim a legal right to interfere with a pregnant woman's behavior, and illustrates the need to prevent it.

Beginning of Human Life↗
PubMed1991

Disability and social stratification.

This paper suggests that, for a variety of reasons, the sociology of social stratification--and, as a consequence, mainstream sociology more generally--has neglected the topic of disability. Using material drawn from a range of sources, it is argued that disability is related in definite ways to social class. Further, it is also argued that disability must be considered as a factor contributing to the production and reproduction of stratification in its own right, independently of class relations. These arguments are further advanced in the course of a more detailed consideration of research evidence concerned with mental handicap. The paper ends with a consideration of the role of non-class factors--specifically social status and citizenship--in the stratification systems of modern industrial societies.

Persons with Disabilities↗
PubMed1989

The ethics of in utero fetal surgery. A possible threat to the autonomy of pregnant women?

Nurses caring for pregnant women must be aware of the developing capabilities of pediatric surgery to intervene in utero to attempt to correct fetal deformities once thought treatable only after birth. This technology may prove to be a source of ethical dilemmas for families and caretakers if some mothers refuse to consent to such beneficial surgery. Nurses caring for families in such a scenario must be aware not only of the rights and interests of both fetus and mother, but of the responsibilities of all of those interested--the family, the caregivers, and society. Full ethical analysis must include consideration of the effects of any decision on the overall health of the involved clients. While individual nurses will evaluate singular situations using different ethical guidelines, the primary ethical principle to be considered is how the autonomy of the individual pregnant woman is weighted vis a vis the interests of her fetus. Nurses are urged both in clinical practice and in the role of advocate regarding health policy to do their utmost to preserve the status of the individual as a respected, autonomous member of society.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Maternal/fetal rights: two views.

The autonomy of a pregnant woman is seriously compromised if she is pressured, threatened, or forced to submit to medical or surgical treatment to which she does not consent. The missionary zeal of physicians, judges, and society to save the at-risk fetus at times violates the competent woman's right to make decisions about the integrity of her body. All avenues must be explored to preserve the health of the fetus, but at the same time, the mother's need for self-determination must be respected. Inevitably, clinical emergencies requiring a choice between the life of the fetus and that of the mother will arise. In crisis situations the pregnant woman has a right to choose.

Cultural Diversity↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Four-one-four.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Abortion, Legal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A new threat to pregnant women's autonomy.

Courts and legislatures are increasingly being called upon to restrict the autonomy of pregnant women by requiring them to behave in ways that others determine are best for the fetuses they carry. The state should not attempt to transform pregnant women into ideal baby-making machines. Pregnant women make decisions about their behavior in the context of the rest of their lives, with all the attendant complexities and pressures. Our interest in helping future children by improving prenatal care would best be furthered by helping pregnant women to make informed, less constrained choices, not by punishing women or depriving them of choices altogether.

Behavior Control↗