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At least 1,459 records · Page 81Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Onychomycosis and AIDS. Clinical and laboratory findings in 62 patients.

The results of a study on onychomycosis in AIDS related complex and AIDS patients presenting for dermatology consultation at an infectious diseases department are reported. The clinical results showed that most patients presented a proximal white superficial onychomycosis. The association with a clinical interdigital involvement was rare, but the association with a mycotic plantar keratoderma was more frequent. The laboratory results showed that dermatophytes were the most frequent etiologic agents, especially Trichophyton rubrum (58%). Although most of these patients presented an oral candidiasis, Candida albicans was isolated only in seven patients' nails. Surprisingly, Pityrosporum ovale was the only etiologic organism that was found in two patients. This result was confirmed with a histologic examination.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

Occupational dermatoses in farmers growing okra (Hibiscus esculentus L.).

By questionnaire survey, 32 out of 52 workers (61.5%) reported previous or current skin diseases from okra cultivation. The sites of skin lesions were mainly the arms, fingers and fingertips. Positive patch test reactions with preparations of okra leaves or immature pods in 111 workers, compared to 63 control subjects, were significantly higher in okra workers than in controls (p less than 0.01), ranging from 9.8 to 30.0%. 37 out of 111 workers (33.3%) were diagnosed as having allergic contact dermatitis (n = 17; 15.3%) and irritant contact dermatitis (n = 18; 16.2%) from okra cultivation.

Agriculture↗
PubMed1998

Formaldehyde concentration in diagnostic patch testing: comparison of 1% with 2%.

Exposure to formaldehyde is common from both consumer products and industry. The reliability of the patch test is essential for the diagnosis of formaldehyde allergy as it is difficult to suspect from the patient's history. The recommended formaldehyde patch test concentration has been reduced over the last decades from 4-5% to 2% and is currently 1%. The changes have not been based upon formal studies, but driven by an intention to reduce irritancy and false-positive results. The aim of the present study was prospectively to compare the outcome of simultaneous testing with formaldehyde 1% and 2% in consecutively patch-tested patients, with respect to frequency of positive patch test reactions, strength of patch test reactions to different formaldehyde test concentrations, irritancy and relevance. The study included 3734 consecutively patch tested patients. 121 gave a positive reaction to 1% and/or 2% formaldehyde in water. There was no statistically significant difference between 1 and 2% with respect to allergic reactions, but 2% gave significantly more irritant reactions. Doubtful, positive and follicular reactions at day (D) 2 frequently developed into true positive reactions at D 3 to 4. Reading at D 7 gave few additional positive cases compared to D 3/4. Problems related to relevance are discussed. Based on present knowledge, a 1% patch test concentration for formaldehyde is recommended.

Allergens↗
PubMed2006

[Causative agents of onychomycosis--a retrospective study].

BACKGROUND: Dermatophytes, yeasts and moulds all are potential causative agents of onychomycosis. The aim of this study was to determine the percentage of cases of onychomycoses caused by each group. In addition, the responsible genus and species was identified for each nail infection. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a retrospective study performed at the Department of Dermatology of the Leipzig University, 5,077 nail samples from 4,177 patients--2,240 women and 1,937 men--with a variety of nail changes--not just onychomycosis--were investigated. 75% were toenails, 23% fingernails, and 2% from both sites. RESULTS: Both microscopic and/or cultural detection of fungi (dermatophytes, yeasts and moulds) were successful in 54% of samples. Causative fungal agents were: 68% dermatophytes, 29% yeast, and 3% moulds. The most frequently detected dermatophyte species were T. rubrum (91%), and T. mentagrophytes (7.7%). Among yeasts, C. parapsilosis (42%) was most common,followed by C. guilliermondii (20.1%), C. albicans (14.2%), and Trichosporon spp. (10%). Scopulariopsis brevicaularis (43%) was the most frequent mould. The percentage of mixed fungal infections was 22%. CONCLUSIONS: Dermatophytes, in particular T.rubrum, but also T. mentagrophytes, are the most frequently isolated causative agents in onychomycosis. In addition, yeasts may be isolated relatively frequently, while moulds are uncommon.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Syphilis in adults.

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease with protean manifestations resulting from infection by Treponema pallidum. It is systemic early from the outset, the primary pathology being vasculitis. Acquired syphilis can be divided into primary, secondary, latent, and tertiary stages. The infection can also be transmitted vertically resulting in congenital syphilis, and occasionally by blood transfusion and non-sexual contact. Diagnosis is mainly by dark field microscopy in early syphilis and by serological tests. The management in the tropics depends on the diagnostic facilities available: in resource poor countries, primary syphilis is managed syndromically as for anogenital ulcer. The introduction of rapid "desktop" serological tests may simplify and promote widespread screening for syphilis. The mainstay of treatment is with long acting penicillin. Syphilis promotes the transmission of HIV and both infections can simulate and interact with each other. Treponemes may persist despite effective treatment and may have a role in reactivation in immunosuppressed patients. Partner notification, health education, and screening in high risk populations and pregnant women to prevent congenital syphilis are essential aspects in controlling the infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Scalp psoriasis, clinical presentations and therapeutic management.

BACKGROUND: The scalp is a well-known predilection site for psoriasis. Many patients indicate that scalp psoriasis is both psychologically and socially distressing. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present investigation is to provide epidemiological data on the various manifestations of scalp psoriasis, as well as on its therapeutic management. METHODS: A questionnaire, targeted on scalp psoriasis, was mailed to patient subscribers of a Dutch journal on psoriasis. In total 1,023 forms were returned and evaluated. RESULTS: Remarkably, a relatively high occurrence of facial psoriasis (25%) and nail psoriasis (40%) was recorded. The dynamics of scalp psoriasis were rather similar to psoriasis at other sites with respect to the total duration of the disease and exacerbations/remissions. In 57% of the patients, psoriasis was psychologically and socially distressing, at least occasionally. Itch and scaling proved to be the leading symptoms, in terms of frequency of occurrence as well as in terms of distress. Therefore, these parameters should be regarded as primary efficacy criteria in the treatment of scalp psoriasis. On average, most patients were seen by the dermatologist 5 times a year. The majority of prescriptions (76%) was given by the dermatologist. The application of topical corticosteroids was by far the most frequent treatment modality. To our surprise, calcipotriol was used by 28% of patients. At the time of investigation calcipotriol was only available as ointment. Tar shampoos were used by 51% of the patients, although the clinical efficacy of such a shampoo has never been demonstrated in a controlled study. A remarkable observation was the lack of instruction on the duration of treatment and the frequency of applications. In fact, 72% of the patients used topical treatments, including topical corticosteroids, for more than 8 weeks, and 42% of the patients used an intermittent schedule of a few applications per week. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the present survey, the following profile for an optimal treatment of scalp psoriasis can be constructed: (1) effective applications a few times per week; (2) either a lotion or an emulsion, and (3) safety for long-term use.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1997

Eccrine syringofibroadenoma in a patient with erosive palmoplantar lichen planus.

We report the case of an 82-year-old woman with a 6-year history of erosive palmoplantar lichen planus associated with eccrine syringofibroadenoma (ESFA). Examination revealed a well-demarcated patche writish of reticulated whitish papular lesions in skin of otherwise normal appearance at the border of erosive lichen planus plaques. These lesions had the histological appearance of ESFA. We suggest that these lesions are induced by the inflammatory remodelling associated with erosive lichen planus and propose to consider ESFA in the context of skin tissue remodelling as a new subtype of ESFA.

Adenoma, Sweat Gland↗
PubMed1977

HL-A antigens in pustular psoriasis.

HL-A typing was performed on 97 patients with pustular psoriasis. HLA-B27 was found increased for the combined three subgroups: localized psoriasis of palms and soles, acrodermatitis continua and generalized pustular psoriasis, who were associated with a high incidence of arthritis. These subgroups have this in common with Reiter's disease indicating a link between the entities. In persistent palmo-plantar pustulosis an increased incidence of HLA-Bw35 was found. HLA-B13, HLA-B17 and HLA-Bw37 which are found markedly increased in psoriasis vulgaris were in acrodermatitis continua, generalized pustular psoriasis and persistent palmo-plantar pustulosis either absent or not increased as compared with the control population. 7 of 30 patients with localized psoriasis of palms and soles had one of these antigens. Our findings confirm that psoriasis vulgaris and pustular psoriasis as such, seem to be different aetiological entities. Some patients with localized psoriasis of palms and soles may be true psoriatics which besides their psoriasis have a tendency to develop a pustular reaction in their palms and soles similar to persistent palmo-plantar pustulosis.

Arthritis↗