Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Goiter”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,459 records · Page 81Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Physical development of children residing in region of goiter endemia].

Data of anthropometrical research organized in the city of Tver and in Tverskaya oblast is presented. Overall, 2949 children and adolescents aged from 7 to 17 years, were examined by endocrinologist on account of diffuse growth of thyroid gland. It is established that most of children (76%) have normal physical development. Popper index (W/H3) is most informative among "mass-height" indexes applied to assess degree of children physical development. Characteristics of physical development of children and adolescents from general schools and boarding schools are established. Relationship between physical development and endemic goiter is revealed. At that, physical development conditioned on "lower nutrition" is diagnosed more often in school children with increased volume of thyroid gland. Some tension in thyroid status can lead to deviation in physical development in the form of lower body mass or retardation of body mass accrual from body height.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Dynamics of thyrostimulating immunoglobulin levels during treatment of diffuse toxic goiter].

Twenty-five patients with diffuse toxic goiter, investigated at various time of mercazolyl therapy, demonstrated the presence of thyrostimulating immunoglobulins in 100% before treatment, in 91% after 6 months and in 50% after 12 months of treatment. Specific therapy reduced considerably not only the frequency of detection but also the activity of thyrostimulating immunoglobulins. Clinical and hormonal remission of disease did not always coincide with immunological remission.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Postoperative recurrent goiter].

In the clinic of hospital surgery of the St. Petersburg state PMA operations on 19 000 patients with diseases of the thoracic gland were performed during 30 years. More than 1000 of these patients were operated on for recurrences. In most patients the recurrence repeated the primary disease of the thyroid gland. It is necessary to single out new diseases of the thyroid residue which make up 11% of the total number of observations. The causes of appearance of the postoperative recurrent goiter are different, the correct diagnosis can be made but after complex examination of the patients which allows to choose rational medical strategy.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

[Clinical peculiarities of diffuse toxic goiter in males].

A comparative analysis of thyrotoxicosis in 180 males and 121 females has shown that during the recent 15 years the number of males operated upon for diffuse toxic goiter (DTG) has become 2.6 times greater. Thyrotoxicosis in men is characterized by an aggressive course, is followed by cardiac complications, ophthalmopathy, impaired sexual function, appearance of foci of malignant growth, spread of diffuse hyperplasia of the thyroid gland behind the breast bone and trachea. Cessation of thyreostatic therapy resulted in quick recurrence of the disease. Repeated courses of treatment with thyreostatics increased the risk of irreversibility of changes in the heart muscle, impairment of regenerative abilities and massive lymphoid infiltration of the thyroid tissue followed by hypothyrosis. Early surgical treatment of men with DTG facilitated a rapid and reliable restoration of vitally important functions and recovery of most operated men and women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Current technique for resection of mediastinal goiter.

We have developed a combined surgical technique involving traction sutures, the harmonic scalpel, and laryngeal nerve monitoring for the removal of mediastinal goiters. This technique is safe, expeditious, and effective; it minimizes the risk of blood loss or nerve injury; and it obviates the need for sternotomy. During a 4-year period, we performed this operation on 21 patients. We observed only two complications: one patient developed postoperative seroma 1 week after surgery and another experienced vocal fold paralysis after intentional sacrifice of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, which was encompassed by cancer. No other recurrent laryngeal nerve was injured. Operative blood loss was negligible, no systemic infection or permanent hypoparathyroidism was observed, and no patient required a chest tube or chest incision. Almost all patients were discharged home on postoperative day 1.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

[Toxic multinodular goiter].

The prevalence of toxic multinodular goiter (TMNG) is very rare in Japan which iodine intake is sufficient or excessive. It accounts for about < 1.0% of hyperthyroidism. The pathogenesis of TMNG is unknown, especially iodine rich area like in Japan although in iodine-deficient arears iodine insufficiency and TSH stimulating is the major promoting factors in its pathogenesis. Unlike Graves' disease, TMNG is more prevalent among aged patients and its symptoms of hyperthyroidism develops insidiously. Radionuclide imaging and ultrasonography provide very important information about the diagnosis of TMNG in addition to thyroid function tests. The treatments for TMNG are surgery after amelioration of thyroid function with antithyroid drugs, radioiodine treatment and PEIT (percutaneous ethanol injection therapy). We always have to pay attention to the existence of thyroid cancer complicated with TMNG.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Cytologic diagnosis of thyroid gland adenoma and goiter].

Examinations of smear impressions of postoperative biopsy specimens of the thyroid from adenoma patients have revealed among polygonal structures 1 to 20 spherical complexes (per micropreparation) consisting of relatively monomorphic follicular cells with intensively blue cytoplasm. The 'ball' size was 200-900 micron or more. Cellular composition, specific features of cellular structure, and the presence of spherical structures permit differentiating adenoma from goiter.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

Physiopathology of thyroid cysts in euthyroid nodular goiter.

Following the introduction of echography it has became evident that a large proportion of nodules (15-37%) in euthyroid nodular goiter is entirely or partially cystic (20% in the A. experience). It is thought that cystic areas are subsequent to hemorrhagic necrosis occurring during goitrogenesis and therefore the term "pseudocysts" seems to be preferred. The article summarizes some hypothetical mechanisms of pseudocyst formation. In pseudocysts of recent onset a direct or indirect viral or bacterial etiology is suggested; in longstanding pseudocysts a deficient angiogenesis or immunotoxic mechanisms are proposed.

Cysts↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Respiratory complications in compressive goiters].

Authors' experience in respiratory complications of compressive goiter is reviewed. Three cases with typical symptoms, relative therapy and outcome are reported. Appearance of respiratory distress should urge to avoid delay in elective surgery performing. In case of acute respiratory failure, immediate emergency tracheostomy is mandatory, subsequently followed by elective intervention. In case of malignancy, if radical surgery is not possible, tracheostomy is the short and medium-term palliative surgical treatment of choice.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Total thyroidectomy to prevent recurrence of benign thyroid goiter].

Surgical approach of benign nodules and goiters in euthyroid patients is not yet well definite concerning the latent of the resection: has it to be large (for avoiding recurrence) of thrifty (in the aim of decreasing the necessity of postoperative thyroid replacement therapy)? We reviewed the results of 338 surgical thyroidectomies in patients followed at least 7 years. 87.36% of them had diffuse pathological abnormalities. Recurrence level was 1.68% in this group, occurring in an average delay of 10 years after the first thyroidectomy. Another study group concerned 47 patients operated for a recurrence in an average of 13.9 years after the first thyroidectomy (mean age at the first thyroidectomy: 35 years). Post operative sequellae after one thyroidectomy or after a second for recurrence seemed not statistically different. Recurrence rate is not important, but it is probably underevaluated by the frequent absence of long-term follow-up. Total thyroidectomy avoids it, and its sequellae are comparable with those observed after reoperation for recurrence. The surgical choice is between the acceptation of a possible recurrence and the necessity of an indefinite thyroid replacement therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Relative number of B-lymphocytes in endocrine opthalmopathy in patients with diffuse toxic goiter].

The number of B-lymphocytes was counted in 69 patients with diffuse toxic goiter (DTG) using a new method. The relative number of B-lymphocytes was investigated before therapy, one year and 2 years after it. The patients were divided into 2 groups (48 patients with endocrine ophthalmopathy and 39 patients without it). The investigation has shown that in the patients without endocrine ophthalmopathy the relative number of B-lymphocytes did not differ from control values, whereas in the patients with endocrine ophthalmopathy their number was elevated. These differences suggested an idea of the involvement of B-lymphocytes in the process of endocrine ophthalmopathy, that was confirmed by positive correlation (r = 0.38, p less than 0.001) between the relative number of B-lymphocytes before therapy and a degree of endocrine ophthalmopathy in one year. Thus, the relative number of B-lymphocytes before therapy can serve a marker of an outcome of endocrine ophthalmopathy.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Recent findings on the etiopathogenesis of multinodular goiter. II. Thyroid growth factors].

In the last ten years several experimental data have suggested that growth factors may play an important role in modulating thyroid growth and function. Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) is present in large quantities in thyroid tissue, where it appears to stimulate DNA synthesis and inhibit cellular function. Insulin-like Growth Factors (IGFs), Interleukin I (IL-I) and Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) show the same stimulation on cell proliferation. On the contrary Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-beta) and somatostatin display inhibitory effects on follicular growth. Therefore it is likely that growth factors' altered production and/or their receptors abnormal expression on the thyroid cells surface might be involved in the development of multinodular goiter and some thyroid neoplasms.

Epidermal Growth Factor↗
PubMed1991

[The surgical treatment of patients with thyrotoxic goiter].

The results of operative treatment of 1247 patients with thyrotoxic goiter are presented. Thyrotoxic crisis occurred in 0.9%, paresis of the inferior laryngeal nerve--in 1.0%, parathyroid insufficiency--in 0.8%, hypothyrosis--in 2.3% of the patients operated on. The postoperative lethality was 0.2%.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pattern of thyroid hormones in mildly protein-deficient women in area endemic for goiter.

This study refers to 23 nonpregnant and 5 pregnant Ethiopian women living in a severely iodine-deficient area exposed to marginal chronic protein malnutrition. About half the study group exhibited goiter. The components of retinol circulating complex have been measured: transthyretin, retinol, and retinol-binding protein were 31 +/- 8 mg/dl, 36 +/- 6 micrograms/dl, and 3.1 +/- 0.6 mg/dl, respectively. No differences in circulating thyroid hormone pattern were found among goitrous and nongoitrous subjects. In nonpregnant women, the circulating thyroid hormone pattern was characterized by a low total T4 (TT4, 53 ng/ml), whereas free T4 (FT4, 0.5 ng/dl) was below the lower level of the range. Thyroid-stimulating hormone and FT3 were in the normal range, and TT3 was at the upper level of the range. The pregnant women exhibited the expected increase in total thyroid hormones (TT3 3.0 ng/ml, TT4 96 ng/ml), whereas the free fractions were equal to those of the nonpregnant subjects (FT3 2.5 pg/ml, FT4 0.6 ng/dl). In the whole group, the T3-T4 ratio was 3.4 x 10(-2), i.e., twice the normal ratio. No antibodies against thyroid structures were detected. These results indicate that the circulating thyroid hormone pattern of these marginally malnourished women differs from that reported for subjects with pure protein-calorie malnutrition or exposed to chronic iodine deficiency only. The main difference is that, even in the presence of low TT4 and FT4, the hypophysis-thyroid axis has apparently remained unchanged. The normal levels of TT3 and FT3, may account for the normal thyroid-hypophysis feedback.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Hormone profile of hypothyroidism in an area of the Central African Republic with endemic goiter].

In the Ouham region of Centro African Republic, one of the present Authors (B.P.) described a severe goiter endemia due to marked iodine deficiency and high daily intake of manioc as staple food. In the present study serum TSH, T3 and T4 of 233 subjects were determined; 150 of them lived in rural villages (Group 1) and 83 lived in Bocaranga, chief town of the province (Group 2). The blood samples done contemporaneously to the epidemiological survey, were strictly randomized in the population examined. The subjects of each group were divided in 4 sub-groups: A) with TSH, T3 and T4 in normal range; B) with elevated TSH; C) with elevated TSH and sub-normal T4; D) with elevated TSH and sub-normal T3 and T4. An apparently euthyroid pattern of TSH, T3 and T4 was evident in only 60 subjects (19.3% from group 1; 37.35% from group 2); the remaining 173 (80.67% from group 1; 62.65% from group 2) were hypothyroid (subclinical in the sub-group B; mild in the sub-group C; overt in the sub-group D). The mean hormonal values of the apparently euthyroid subjects (sub-group A) in the villages and in the chief town, were significantly different (p less than 0.05) from the control values of our laboratory. More significant differences were clearly evident between the control values and the mean values of sub-groups B, C and D in each of the two groups (1 villages; 2 chief town).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Central African Republic↗
PubMed1991

[Therapeutic efficiency of iodine 131 in autonomous thyroid adenoma and toxic multinodular goiter. Apropos of 59 cases].

Our study dealt with 81 patients treated by iodine 131 for autonomous goiter. We have followed 59 patients during about a year. The global therapeutic efficiency is of 73% and the risk of hypothyroidism is very weak. The administration of a high activity (greater than 15 mCi) of iodine allows to get a faster recovery, a better therapeutic efficiency and permits to reduce the number of cures (therefore, to reduce the irradiation of the patient), nevertheless, the risk of hypothyroidism is very slight. The advantages of metabolic radiotherapy (low cost, facility of administration, efficiency) make it preferable to surgery, above all with patients that are more than 40 years old, for whom the radiation risk is practically null (hereditary diseases, cancer).

Adenoma↗
PubMed1991

[Shortened preoperative preparation in diffuse hyperthyroid goiter: experience in 34 patients].

Conventional preparation of goitrous hyperthyroid patients using lugol and propranolol may take 2 weeks. This period may be shortened using sodium iopodate and dexamethasone. We used 500 mg of sodium iopodate and 1 mg dexamethasone for 4 days in 34 hyperthyroid patients. Surgical indication derived from failure to medical treatment (68%), large goiter (27%) or adverse reaction to PTU (6%). Clinical euthyroidism was achieved after 4 days in all patients. T3 levels decreased from 482 +/- 26.2 to 137.6 +/- 3.7 ng/dl and T4 from 20.6 +/- 1.04 to 15.2 +/- 0.5 micrograms/dl (p < 0.005). Surgery was uneventful in 33 patients, one subject developed supraventricular tachycardia responsive to verapamil. Electron microscopy of the removed thyroid tissue revealed marked decrease of superficial villi and large phagosomes. Thus, sodium iopodate and dexamethasone are effective and safe for preoperative preparation of hyperthyroid patients.

Adolescent↗