Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Formaldehyde”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,459 records · Page 81Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Enzymatic synthesis of C-11 formaldehyde: concise communication.

We present an enzymatic synthesis of C-11 formaldehyde from C-11 methanol, with immobilized alcohol oxidase and catalase: a rapid, simple procedure, with a high and reproducible yield. Carbon-11 methanol is oxidized to C-11 formaldehyde by passage over a column on which the enzymes alcohol oxidase and catalase are immobilized. The catalase increases reaction velocity by recycling the oxygen, and prevents destruction of the alcohol oxidase by eliminating the excess of hydrogen peroxide. The yield of the enzyme-catalyzed oxidation was 80-95%. A specific activity of 400-450 mCi/mumole was obtained at EOB + 20 min. Various immobilization techniques and the optimal reaction conditions of the immobilized enzymes are investigated.

Alcohol Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1983

[Effect of the addition of DMSO and EDTA on the activity of formaldehyde and hydrogen peroxide against Bacillus cereus spores].

The question was investigated if DMSO in concentrations between 1 and 6% and 0.1% EDTA could improve the effect of the sporocidal disinfectants formaldehyde and hydrogen-peroxide. In suspension-tests with spores of Bac. cereus it was found, that the sporocidal activity of a 1.2 and 3% formaldehyde solution did not increase, in contrary it decreased significantly if EDTA or DMSO were present in the solution. The same effect could be found with 0.8-5% hydrogenperoxide in combination with the above mentioned substances. These results are not in agreement with the observations of other authors working with vegetative bacteria. It is supposed that DMSO rather reactivates injured spores than that it acts as a carrier for the respective disinfectant. This effect seems to mask a relatively faint increase of the permeability for the disinfectants. Concerning EDTA it could be possible, that it did not succeed in removing the Ca++ from the cortex, in contrary it seems, that it binds itself to the calciumdipicolinate thus stabilizing the spore structure.

Bacillus cereus↗
PubMed1984

Some effects of formaldehyde on the upper respiratory tract.

Being highly soluble in water gaseous formaldehyde (HCHO) is virtually completely removed by the nose during nasal respiration so that nasal disease may follow. This report is a review of pertinent information that is known about the effect of formaldehyde on the nose both in animals and humans. It is evident from the literature that rats develop nasal carcinoma at ambient levels of HCHO occasionally encountered by humans and it is hoped that this report will elucidate the possible threat HCHO presents to humans.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1983

[Critical approach to technics for the disinfection of respirators with formaldehyde].

Method of artificial respirators desinfection by Formaldehyde is studied. Formaldehyde and ammoniac quantitative analysis are performed. Air samples are taken by dry process and by wet process. Two concentrations are in ceiling values for exposure of workers and exceed irritant concentrations during chronic exposition. Particular attention should be paid to perform measurement: air samples must be taken by wet process as artificial ventilation circumstances: indeed in this case air is humidified; potential toxicity is unappreciated in this use. Complementary studies are required.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1984

Formaldehyde toxicity. Part I. Occupational exposure and a report of 5 cases.

Formaldehyde is ubiquitous in the occupational, domestic and general environment, and in manufactured and consumer goods. The clinical and radiological findings in 5 shop employees exposed to formaldhyde are presented. Two features are of interest: (i) 1 of the workers developed vomiting, a symptom previously unreported in adults exposed to formaldehyde; and (ii) all 5 victims developed turbinate swelling, apparent clinically and radiologically. The swelling was marked, causing obstruction of the nasal passages, and persisted for some time after most of the sources of exposure had been dealt with. This phenomenon is also previously undocumented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Somatic mosaicism frequency in the combined action of ethyleneimine and formaldehyde on Drosophila larvae].

The frequencies of somatic mosiacs has been analysed among heterozygotic (w+/w) females, which were treated by ethylene imine (EI) and formaldehyde (F) upon larvae (at the age of 20--24 hours from the moment of eggs laying). It has been shown that EI is much more effective than F in the induction of mosaics. Formaldehyde blocks the development of the larvae at the first age and, influencing either before or after EI, decreases the efficiency of the latter in the induction of somatic mosaics. Similar results (the decrease of the frequency of the EI induced mosaics) is observed in the case when larvae are placed on the non-yeast raisin-sugar medium after the EI treatment for their further development. The data are discussed with respect to repair processes in imaginal disc cells which are more efficient after proliferation blocks in both cases.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Spontaneous N epsilon-methylation of L-lysine by formaldehyde.

It has been found that the conversion of L-lysine (1) into its corresponding N epsilon-methylated derivatives, mainly N epsilon-mono-methyl-L-lysine (5; MML), but also N epsilon, N epsilon-dimethyl-L-lysine (DML) and N epsilon, N epsilon, N epsilon-trimethyl-L-lisine (TML) takes place by treatment with formaldehyde in spontaneous reaction. The identification of N epsilon-methylated lysines was carried out by different chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. This spontaneous N epsilon-methylation of L-lysine by formaldehyde may also play an important role in living organisms.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1983

[Accidental fatal formaldehyde poisoning].

A previously healthy man accidentally swallowed 20 to 50 ml of Formalin (25%). Relevant clinical findings after the accident were: severe metabolic acidosis, severe disseminated intravascular coagulation and renal failure. He died 7 hours after formaldehyde ingestion-presumably from toxic pulmonary oedema. Relevant post-mortem findings were: massive pulmonary damage (toxic oedema), leather-like thickening of the gastric wall and multiple subendocardial haemorrhages. The treatment of formaldehyde poisoning is briefly discussed.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1980

Identification of mononuclear cells in human blood. I. Qualitative and quantitative data on surface markers after formaldehyde fixation of the cells.

The technical details of a fixation procedure with formaldehyde which was applied in a direct membrane immunofluorescence technique to mononuclear cells from normal human blood are described. After separation of the cells with Ficoll--Isopaque according to Böyum (1963) they were washed and fixed with 0 . 04% formaldehyde in PBS for 10 min and washed again. This cell suspension can be stored at 4 degrees C for at least 24 hr and the slides prepared from them at -20 degrees C for at least some months. In practice, this fixation procedure not only appeared to be effective in the preservation of cells but also showed a number of additional advantages, such as the short handling period, including the fixation procedure and the avoidance of loss of cells. Moreover, true B lymphocytes, as defined by the synthesis of immunoglobulins and the incorporation of these molecules into their cell membrane, are recognized convincingly.

Blood Preservation↗
PubMed1981

Combined autoradiography and formaldehyde-induced fluorescence methods for localization of radioactively labeled substances in relation to monoamine neurons.

A combined technique of formaldehyde-induced fluorescence (FIF) and autoradiography is described for the localization of radioactively labeled substances in relation to monoamine neurons. This method permits the simultaneous visualization of 3H-labeled steroid hormone or drug uptake sites and fluorescing monoamine neural elements (cell bodies, fiber projections, terminals) in the same tissue section. Thin frozen sections cut in a cryostat are freeze-dried, exposed to formaldehyde vapor at 80 degrees C, and carried through dry-mount autoradiography processing steps before fluorescence microscopy screening. Subsequent histological staining of sections and light microscopy are employed for conventional autoradiogram screening. With this procedure, 3H-estradiol and 3H-dihydrotestosterone are localized in various catecholamine (CA) neurons in the diencephalon and lower brain stem of the rat. Also, catecholaminergic as well as noncatecholaminergic sex steroid target neurons are seen to be innervated by CA terminals in various rat brain regions.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Immediate sunburn-like reaction in a patient with formaldehyde photosensitivity.

A 78-year-old man experienced pruritus, burning, and redness within minutes of exposure to sunlight. The immediacy as well as the temporary nature of the response was similar to that seen in solar urticaria, but in sharp contrast to the delayed reactions associated with sunburn and photocontact dermatitis. Photo-patch tests revealed a specific photosensitivity to formaldehyde. Despite its ubiquitous presence and its capacity to produce allergic contact dermatitis, formaldehyde, to my knowledge, has not been previously found to be a photosensitizer.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Purification and properties of a transketolase responsible for formaldehyde fixation in a methanol-utilizing yeast, candida boidinii (Kloeckera sp.) No. 2201.

Dihydroxyacetone synthase, present in methanol-grown Candida boidinii (Kloeckera sp.) No. 2201, catalyzes the transfer of the glycolaldehyde group from xylulose 5-phosphate to formaldehyde to form glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone. This enzyme was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity and found to be a new type of transketolase. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 190,000 by gel filtration. The enzyme appeared to be composed of four identical subunits (Mr, 55,000). Thiamin pyrophosphate and Mg2+ were required for the activity. The optimum pH was found to be 7.0. With xylulose 5-phosphate as the ketol-donor, aliphatic aldehydes (C1-C7), glycolaldehyde and glyceraldehyde were better acceptors than ribose 5-phosphate. The kinetic data were consistent with a ping-pong bi-bi mechanism. The Km values obtained were as follows: xylulose 5-phosphate, 1.0 mM; formaldehyde, 0.43 mM; glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, 0.42 mM; and dihydroxyacetone, 0.52 mM.

Candida↗
PubMed1982

[Effects on the process of DNA transcription in vitro of formaldehyde and the products of its reaction with amines].

When transcription of DNA treated with aminomethylol compounds (products of formaldehyde reaction with amines) was studied, aminomethylol produced a marked inhibition of the template activity of double-stranded DNA (up to 85%). Formaldehyde suppressed the transcription of native DNA as well, however, only when taken at concentrations exceeding those of the aminomethylol compounds 20-fold.

Amines↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tubular necrosis complicating intravesical formaldehyde treatment.

Intravesical formaldehyde instillation for the treatment of profuse hemorrhage due to inoperable bladder carcinoma has been done for the last three years. Results have been satisfactory. Recently, an anuria developed after such treatment in a 76-year-old patient. Renal biopsy showed focal tubular necrosis. The possibilities of a toxic or an ischemic lesion are discussed. Diuresis reappeared spontaneously after six days and the patient was discharged from the hospital twelve days after the formaldehyde treatment.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1981

[Formaldehyde-induced tight binding of protein to RNA in particles of rod-like viruses. Nature and specificity of the crosslinks].

A stable RNA-protein complex was obtained by treatment of a helical TMV-like virus - cucumber virus 4 (CV4) with 1.5% formaldehyde at 50 degrees C and stability and specificity of the RNA-protein bonds in the complex was studied. After alkaline of T2-RNAase hydrolysis of the complex obtained from the [32P]-labelled CV4, the RNA-protein crosslinks were identified by the presence of [32P] in the protein band during SDS electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels. The resistance of the crosslinks to boiling in 2% SDS with 0.2% mercaptoethanol, to 0.3 N KOH and to 10% trichloracetic acid is indicative of the covalent nature of the nucleotide-protein bonds in the CV complex. Data from tryptic peptide map analysis suggest that not more than three peptides within the complex contain the [32P] label. It is concluded that formaldehyde crosslinks to the intravirus RNA only at the specific site(s) of the CV protein molecule.

Formaldehyde↗
PubMed1980

[Damages to health in schools. Complaints caused by the use of formaldehyde-emitting materials in school buildings].

Low formaldehyd-concentrations were measured in three Cologne schools (mean 1 = 0,4425; mean 2 = 0,5725; mean 3 = 0,1292 ppm). As the main sources of emission were identified formaldehyd-urea-bound chip-plates in acoustic-ceilings and wainscots. To study the connection between the complaints of pupils and CH20-emissions 1594 pupils of these schools were questioned using a specially elaborated questionnaire. The questions concerned multiple complaints and disturbances of health as well as their anamnesis in chronological relationship with school attendance. Compared to controls consisting of 497 pupils of a school, where no CH2O-emitting chip-plates were used, the inquiry showed a significant increase (p less than 0,00005) of so-called functional disturbances (headache, disorder of concentrating ability, dizziness, nausea), affections of the respiratory tract (irritation of the mucosa of the nose and the pharynx, dry cough) and irritation of the conjunctiva. In regard to the anamneses, the difference between the investigation-group and the control-group was even more significant and additional complaints such as somnipathy, abdominal pain, skin disease were observed frequently. Comparing the normal distribution of so-called functional disturbances in pupils found in literature, the examined group of this study showed an even higher rate of the relative accumulation. The repeated investigation in one school (n = 328) 8 months after removal of the emission-sources demonstrated a very clear reduction of complaints by an average of 71,2 per cent.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Permeation of formaldehyde (methanal) through supravital and preserved tissue].

Allogenic and xenogenic tissues can be preserved with acetate buffered formaldehyde solution 1,332 mol/l and pH 5,60. The permeation of methanol molecules through the tissue was analysed with a double chamber research arrangement with a rotating set-up. The coefficient of diffusion of the formaldehyde (methanal) through the wall of the aorta descendens of pigs was calculated by means of the first Fick principle from the obtained measured particulars.

Absorption↗
PubMed1980

The effect of formaldehyde solution in the gas chromatographic determination of morphine.

Morphine glucuronide upon acid hydrolysis and in the presence of formaldehyde solution is converted to three primary compounds as determined by gas chromatography. The importance of this conversion as it pertains to the total quantity of morphine in formaldehyde-fixed specimens is discussed. A request for quantitation--in a suspected case of morphine overdose after the body had been embalmed but before an autopsy could be performed--initiated the research discussed in this article.

Chromatography, Gas↗