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At least 1,459 records · Page 81Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

The pNNx files: re-examining a widely used heart rate variability measure.

OBJECTIVE: To re-examine the standard pNN50 heart rate variability (HRV) statistic by determining how other thresholds compare with the commonly adopted 50 ms threshold in distinguishing physiological and pathological groups. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of Holter monitor databases. SUBJECTS: Comparison of HRV data between 72 healthy subjects and 43 with congestive heart failure (CHF); between sleeping and waking states in the 72 healthy subjects; and between 20 young and 20 healthy elderly subjects. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Probability values for discriminating between groups using a family of pNN values ranging from pNN4 to pNN100. RESULTS: For all three comparisons, pNN values substantially less than 50 ms consistently provided better separation between groups. For the normal versus CHF groups, p < 10(-13) for pNN12 versus p < 10(-4) for pNN50; for the sleeping versus awake groups, p < 10(-21) for pNN12 versus p < 10(-10) for pNN50; and for the young versus elderly groups, p < 10(-6) for pNN28 versus p < 10(-4) for pNN50. In addition, for the subgroups of elderly healthy subjects versus younger patients with CHF, p < 0.007 for pNN20 versus p < 0.17 for pNN50; and for the subgroup of New York Heart Association functional class I-II CHF versus class III-IV, p < 0.04 for pNN10 versus p < 0.13 for pNN50. CONCLUSIONS: pNN50 is only one member of a general pNNx family of HRV statistics. Enhanced discrimination between a variety of normal and pathological conditions is obtained by using pNN thresholds as low as 20 ms or less rather than the standard 50 ms threshold.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Intravenous cholecystokinin octapeptide: its effect on the sonographic appearance of the file ducts in normal subjects.

The response of the common hepatic duct to an intravenous injection of sincalide (0.04 mcg/kg over 1 min) was assessed in 15 healthy volunteers. Ultrasound examinations performed at 5-minute intervals for 1 hour revealed a mean maximal decrease in gallbladder volume of 59%. The internal diameter of the duct was unchanged in 13 of 15 subjects, and decreased by 1 mm in the remaining 2 subjects. It is concluded that, in normal subjects, there is no significant change in the internal diameter of the common hepatic duct in response to an intravenous dose of sincalide sufficient to effect gallbladder contraction.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Evidence for macrophage activation in dialysis patients exposed to silicone filing.

Spleen cell suspensions of 2 dialysis patients with hepatosplenomegaly and pancytopenia were studied in vitro. Spleen cells of a cadaver kidney donor were studied as control. In spleen macrophages of the patients, silicone particles could be demonstrated with TEM and electron microprobe analysis. Under basal conditions and after stimulation with zymosan and concanavalin A, release of PGE2, TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha from patient cells was higher than control cells. This anecdotal observation parallels previous animal studies and suggests that loading of human macrophages with foreign material particles activates arachidonic acid metabolism.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Computer files and analyses of laboratory data from tuberculosis patients. II. Analyses of six years' data on sputum specimens.

Laboratory data on sputum specimens from patients with pulmonary mycobacterioses between 1968 and 1973 were analyzed. Specimens were cultured on Middlebrook 7H10 and/or 7H11 medium; blue light fluorescence microscopy was used to examine specimen smears. An admission series of 6 sputum specimens detected 94.7 per cent of all culture-positive patients. Only 62 per cent of patients who were culture positive in the admission series would have been detected by smear alone. Quantitative agreement of smear and culture results was seen only in the smear-numerous (more than 2 bacilli per high-power field), culture-numerous (more than 100 colonies per plate) category. Qualitative agreement of smear and culture was 71 per cent. A total of 123 smear-positive and culture-negative specimens, representing 9 per cent of the total number of positive smears, was found among 6,251 sputum specimens from 270 culture-positive ptients. At least one smear-positive and culture-negative specimen was obtained from 23 per cent of the patients evaluated. During this period, improved housekeeping measures and drying of culture plates reduced the culture contamination rate from 9.8 to less than 5 per cent.

Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMed2003

Feature binding in object-file representations of multiple moving items.

Maintenance of episodic representations by feature-location binding is important for visual cognition. It has been proposed that we can hold and update coherent episodic representations of up to four objects. This study investigated the dynamic maintenance of feature-location bindings with multiple objects. In a series of seven experiments, participants judged whether a sequence of rotating patterns of three or four colored disks contains any color switch between two disks. Color-switch detection is in general difficult, even when tracking of objects' motions is successful, suggesting that our ability for dynamic maintenance is limited. The performance improved when the interframe rotation angle became sufficiently small. Moreover, spatiotemporal predictability was necessary for this improvement, suggesting that the maintenance of multiple episodic representations is an interactive process between our prediction and sensory mechanisms.

Cognition↗