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1,448 records · Page 81Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Giardiasis. Issues in diagnosis and management.

Giardia lamblia is a frequent cause of diarrhea throughout the United States and the world. Advances in basic biology indicate that different strains of Giardia exist, that mammals can be infected with G. lamblia-type organisms, and that secretory IgA is important to host protection. Although water remains the most common mode of transmission of Giardia, there has been an increase in the number of person-to-person cases, especially related to children in day care, as well as an increase in food-borne cases. New antigen detection assays have improved the ability to diagnose Giardia in the stool and make it unlikely that duodenal sampling will be necessary. Metronidazole has become the drug of choice for most cases of giardiasis because of its efficacy, favorable tolerance, and availability. For pregnant women who require treatment, a non-absorbable aminoglycoside, paromomycin, may be tried first and metronidazole used if initial treatment fails.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Histamine content of the oxyntic mucosa from duodenal ulcer patients: effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication.

The histamine concentration of the oxyntic mucosa was determined in Helicobacter pylori-positive patients with duodenal ulcer before and after antimicrobial therapy and in H. pylori-negative subjects. Determination of serum gastrin was also performed in duodenal ulcer patients before and after H. pylori eradication. The histamine content of the oxyntic mucosa was lower in patients with duodenal ulcer than in H. pylori-negative subjects, but it increased after H. pylori eradication. Conversely, in patients in whom therapy failed to eradicate the microorganism, the histamine content remained unchanged. Serum gastrin levels fell after microorganism eradication, and the percentage of this fall was correlated with the percentage of increase in gastric histamine. In conclusion, our findings suggest that abnormalities of histamine store present in duodenal ulcer patients might be a feature of H. pylori infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Cholera: synopsis of clinical aspects and principles of treatment.

Cholera varies greatly in clinical severity; the mortality of untreated severe cholera may be as high as 60% The main clinical feature is dehydration; fluid lost in the stools may amount to 60/. Rehydration is the cornerstone of treatment. The amount of fluid required is approximately 10% of body weight in severe dehydration and 5 to 8% in moderate dehydration. Fluid therapy, which must be individualized, may be successful on its own, but chemo-therapy shortens the duration of illness. Tetracycline (in adults, 40 mg/kg for 2 days; in children, 50 mg/kg for 2 days) reduces the fluid loss and eliminates the causative organisms. Vaccination is of limited value.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[The effect of a combined transplant on reparative osteogenesis in experimental defects of the jaw (the late results)].

Morphological changes were studied in experimental defects of lower jawbone under a long-term exposure (30 to 60 days) to a composite transplant. In experimental neoplasia defects, the osseous tissue has been shown to get matured and differentiated sooner than in controls. Both the edges of the defect and its centre showed the same rate of formation of the bone trabecular structure.

Animals↗