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PubMed1991

The relief of biliary obstruction in experimental rats by diverting the hepatic lymph into the duodenum.

Twelve days after their common bile ducts had been ligated rats were icteric and their hepatic lymph nodes and lymph ducts were two or three times their normal size. Cannulation of the hepatic lymph ducts of these rats yielded bile-stained lymph which flowed at nine times its normal rate. As the lymph flowed, so the concentration of bilirubin in the blood declined; after 5 days the rats were no longer jaundiced, and by day 11 there were normal amounts of bilirubin in the blood. In another series it proved possible on seven occasions to insert the free end of the hepatic lymph cannula into the duodenum at the time that the bile was obstructed. Five of these animals showed no increase in serum bilirubin and remained in good condition until the experiments were terminated up to 61 days later. It seems that the effects of biliary obstruction can be mitigated by shunting the hepatic lymph into the intestine.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Bilateral exclusion of the duodenum in reconstructive surgery of the stomach].

The article analyses the results of modified gastric resection after Roux with bilateral exclusion of the duodenum in 13 patients with disease of an operated stomach. The operations were performed for peptic ulcer of the gastroenteroanastomosis in 5 patients, for biliary reflux gastritis in 3, and for reflux gastritis and coexistent Stages II-III dumping syndrome in 5 patients. The outcomes of treatment were studied in follow-up periods of up to 3 years. The results were good in 10 patients, satisfactory in 2, and poor in 1 patient. Recurrent peptic ulcers were not encountered. The clinical picture of biliary reflux gastritis was completely relieved in all of the 8 patients. The dumping syndrome phenomena were arrested in 2 patients and relieved significantly in another 2.

Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y↗
PubMed1991

[Effects of surgical removal of the Brunner's region of the duodenum on nutrient digestibility in rats].

In 1.5 months after surgical ablation of duodenum of Brunner's region the digestibility of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and minerals was investigated in Wistar male rats. Estimation was based on the measurement of consumed and excreted nutrients. The rats with a bypass gastroduodenal anastomosis and sham-operated animals were used as a control. It was ascertained that Brunner's region of ablated rats showed a reduced proteins digestibility. Possible reasons for change established are being discussed. Participation of duodenal glands in digestion is suggested.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Traumatic rupture of the duodenum in adults. Clinicopathologic and therapeutic considerations. Apropos of 9 cases].

Injuries to the duodenum are rare and their treatment is controversial. We have wanted to assess the results of treatment in 9 cases of duodenal trauma operated successively. 6 patients were operated at once because of associated lesions producing a state of shock. The other 3 had isolate lesions and were all operated after a waiting time. 5 patients had a simple suture after excision of the margins of the wound. 2 underwent controlled fistulization on a Pezzer probe associated to a feeding jejunostomy. In 2 cases, papillar disinsertion was treated by cupping the papilla with an ascended loop and by temporary pyloric exclusion. No patient died after surgery, and no duodenal fistula was noted. In case of controlled fistulization, the scar was obtained within 21 days. We think that duodenal wounds examined early can readily be sutured if there is no loss of substance. When the duodenal wound is isolate, the delay in treatment leads us to prefer controlled fistulization associated to feeding jejunostomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Villous tumors of the duodenum.

Two patients with villous adenomas in the duodenum are described. These lesions have a predilection for the ampullary region, and tend to present with obstructive jaundice, especially if malignancy is present. The first patient, with a villous adenoma located at the ampulla of Vater, presented with jaundice and underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy at a second operation because of a high rate of false-negative biopsies. The second patient was admitted with partial mechanical obstruction symptoms and was treated by partial duodenectomy and antrectomy for a supraampullary villous adenoma, including in situ carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Influence of acoustic waves on the motor activity of the duodenum].

In the chronic experiment it was established, that influencing of the acoustic waves with the frequency of 0.2-0.3 kHz, intensity of 0.24-0.28 W/cm2 for 10-15 minutes causes the suppression of the motor duodenal activity; with the frequency of 2.0-3.0 kHz, intensity of 0.57-0.73 W/cm2 for 10-15 min--its stimulation. It is expedient to use the acoustic waves in the parameters mentioned for correction of hypo- and hyper-motor states of the duodenum.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1990

[Retroperitoneal ruptures of the duodenum. Our experience].

The authors describe a case of retroperitoneal rupture of the duodenum following blunt abdominal trauma. The aetiology, symptomatology of these lesions are discussed and treatment is stressed. Duodenal fistula continues to be a serious postoperative complication. Primary repair with drainage is the preferred treatment. Gastrostomy, internal decompression and feeding jejunostomy are usefully added in the most severe duodenal injuries.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1990

An immunohistochemical study of endocrine cells in the proximal duodenum of eight marsupial species.

The proximal duodenum of eight marsupial species, (koala, common brushtail possum, ring-tailed possum, common wombat, great grey kangaroo, parma wallaby, short-nosed bandicoot and tiger cat) were investigated immunohistochemically using 12 specific antisera for gut hormones. Several types of immunoreactive cells were seen on the intestinal villi and in crypts of these species: 9 types in the koala; 8 types in the common brushtail possum; 7 types in the common wombat; 6 types in the short-nosed bandicoot and 5 types in the ringtailed possum, great grey kangaroo, parma wallaby and tiger cat. Gastrin-, somatostatin-, motilin- and serotonin-immunoreactive cells were seen in all species examined. A few BPP-, enteroglucagon-, CCK-, secretin-, GIP- and neurotensin-immunoreactive cells were seen but only in few species. A few substance P-immunoreactive cells were detected only in the koala. Immunoreactive cells were also seen in Brunner's glands: 5 types in the parma wallaby; 3 types in the great grey kangaroo and tiger cat; 2 types in the koala and common wombat; 1 type in the short-nosed bandicoot. No immunoreactive cells were found in Brunner's glands of the common brushtail possum.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Organ injury scaling, II: Pancreas, duodenum, small bowel, colon, and rectum.

The Organ Injury Scaling (O.I.S.) Committee of the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (A.A.S.T.) has been charged to devise injury severity scores for individual organs to facilitate clinical research. Our first report (1) addressed O.I.S.'s for the Spleen, Liver, and Kidney; the following are proposed O.I.S.'s for Pancreas (Table I), Duodenum (Table II), Small Bowel (Table III), Colon (Table IV), and Rectum (Table V). The grading scheme is fundamentally an anatomic description, scaled from 1 to 5, representing the least to the most severe injury. We emphasize that these O.I.S.'s represent an initial classification system which must undergo continued refinement as clinical experience dictates.

Colon↗
PubMed1990

Endoscopic treatment of Dieulafoy's lesion of the duodenum.

Dieulafoy's lesion is an often unrecognized cause of catastrophic upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, typically seen in otherwise asymptomatic patients. Although the lesion is most often found in the stomach, it has rarely been reported to occur in the jejunum and duodenum. Endoscopic treatment has recently been attempted to arrest the bleeding from these lesions, when found in the stomach, with satisfactory results. We report a patient with a bleeding duodenal Dieulafoy lesion who was successfully treated with endoscopic injection of epinephrine (1:10,000) and electrocoagulation. Endoscopic treatment of Dieulafoy's lesion should be attempted before surgery and, as in other causes of acute nonvariceal hemorrhage, be considered the treatment of choice.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Duodenogastric reflux and functional state of the stomach and duodenum].

As many as 91 children with different gastroenterological diseases were examined. 57.8% of the children manifested the duodenogastric reflux. Acid-forming function of the stomach appeared normal or elevated. Electrogastrography showed the predominance of the hyperkinetic and normokinetic curve types. Manometry of the stomach and duodenum often demonstrated duodenal hypertension with a reflux of the duodenal contents to the stomach. The incidence of the duodenogastric reflux was not dependent on the patients' age, sex or disease standing. Alterations in the gastric and duodenal mucosa may be both the cause and consequence of the gastroduodenal reflux.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Traumatic perforation of the duodenum. Diagnostic and therapeutic problems].

The treatment of traumatic ruptures of the duodenum is one of the greatest controversies in surgery. The injury mechanisms, diagnostic criteria and factors underlying the prognosis are analysed and indications suggested for the various types of intervention. The problem relating to the operating technique are specified.

Duodenum↗
PubMed1990

[Traumatic perforation of the duodenum: report of 5 cases].

The results of surgery in 5 cases of traumatic rupture of the duodenum are presented. The site of the laceration, the time between trauma and operation, associated lesions, diagnostic routine and type of operation are specified. The mortality encountered (40%) should be related to the seriousness of the lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Changes in the intracavitary pressure in the stomach and duodenum with different types of motility].

As many as 352 patients with different gastroenterological pathology (ulcer disease, chronic gastritis, chronic pancreatitis and cholecystitis) were examined under clinical conditions. Intracavitary pressure and gastric and duodenal motility were recorded on a "Salyut" polygraph with the aid of a tube of original design. It has been discovered that intracavitary pressure in the stomach and duodenum is biphasic in nature and that it may change not only in different diseases but also at different motility types. The changes discovered should be taken into account in administering adequate therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The action of pentagastrin on motor function and intracavitary pressure in the stomach and duodenum].

The effect of pentagastrin (dose: 6 mkg/kg on the motor function and intracavitary pressure of the stomach and duodenum was studied in 28 healthy persons and 352 patients with duodenal ulcer, chronic gastritis, chronic pancreatitis, chronic cholecystitis). It was found that pentagastrin stimulates appearance of the III antroduodenal phase. It is recommended to use pentagastrin in patients with chronic antroduodenal disorders of passability and antroduodenal stasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Long survival of a woman with a huge leiomyosarcoma of the duodenum after pancreaticoduodenectomy and transverse colectomy: a case report.

A woman with a huge leiomyosarcoma of the duodenum that had invaded the pancreas and transverse colon is living and well 10 years after pancreaticoduodenectomy combined with resection of the transverse colon. Malignant potential of the tumor was determined by the mitotic rate and nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid content. The mass exceeded 10 cm yet was characterized by low mitotic activity and a near-diploid pattern. The long survival is attributed to the extensive surgery and low-grade malignancy of the tumor.

DNA, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1990

[The effect of arterial blood loss on the myoelectrical activity of the pyloric sphincter and duodenum].

The effects of 5, 10 and 25% arterial bleeding on the myoelectric activity of the pyloroduodenal junction were investigated in conscious rabbits. Bleeding produced biphasic changing in activity of pylorus and duodenum. The first phase was determined by complete inhibition of pyloroduodenal activity. The second one manifested by more increased duodenal activity than pylorus. These results indicate that bleeding-induced alterations in pyloroduodenal myoelectric activity are related to duodenopyloric discoordination.

Action Potentials↗