Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Chlamydia”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,459 records · Page 81Linked to original sources
PubMed1974

Ocular involvement with Chlamydia psittaci (strain M56) in rabbits inoculated intravenously.

Fourteen albino rabbits were inoculated intravenously with 10(3.5)-10(4.0) mouse ICLD(50) of Chlamydia psittaci (strain M56) of mammalian origin. Ocular lesions accompanied the chlamydial infection in the rabbits. Bilateral anterior uveitis, a common occurrence, began on the second or third day and subsided by the tenth day whereas keratoconjunctivitis was observed infrequently. After 15 days the most prominent microscopic lesion was iritis. Accumulations of inflammatory cells, mainly plasma cells, were observed in the iris and ciliary body and elementary bodies were found infrequently in macrophages. Chlamydiae were recovered consistently by conjunctival swabbing from the fifth to the twenty-fourth day. The agent was present within the eye (viz. iris-ciliary body) in three of four rabbits killed at 15 days and in five of ten rabbits killed 60 days after inoculation. Chlamydiae had persisted in the cerebrum and joints as well. Although neutralizing antibody was consistently present in sera at 60 days none of the samples of aqueous humor were capable of neutralizing the agent. It is suggested that systemic chlamydial infections in the rabbit provide a model for the study of endogenous uveitis, a common ophthalmological problem.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Chlamydia infections of the urogenital system].

During the last years Chlamydiae have been increasingly recognized as an important cause of urogenital infections. This paper is concerned with the classification, microbiology, cultivation and clinical findings of Chlamydiae, especially Chlamydia trachomatis, as causative agents of genital tract diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Fluorescent, DNA-binding dyes for rapid detection of Chlamydia trachomatis.

The newer DNA-binding fluorochromes DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) and fluorochrome 33258 H (Hoechst) (2-[2-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-6-benzimidazolyl]-6-(1-methyl-4-piperazyl)-benzimidazole . 3 HCl) proved useful in identifying genital strains of Chlamydia trachomatis in McCoy cells. For practical purposes, e.g. to analyse patient specimens, we recommend this technique using the fluorochromes at pH 2.0 in a final concentration of 3 micrograms/ml and non-replicative McCoy cells after fixation with alcohol-acetic acid. The application of the fluorochrome technique in demonstrating Chlamydia trachomatis-infections is recommendable because it is a) simple to perform, b) a rapid procedure, c) it corresponded well with the Giemsa staining in identifying mature inclusions, and d) it facilitates the detection of the RNA-rich early stages of chlamydial growth. For this reasons the fluorochrome technique with DAPI or 33258 H at pH 2.0 can be considered a highly specific and sensitive method for identifying Chlamydia trachomatis.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Cell-mediated immune response to chlamydia in anterior uveitis: role of HLA B27.

The relationship between HLA B27 anterior uveitis (AU) and evidence of chlamydia trachomatis infection was investigated in 35 consecutive patients attending a uveitis research clinic, using a complement fixation test and lymphocyte transformation test to chlamydia (ornithosis-psittacosis) group antigen. A significant stimulation index (SI greater than 2) was found in 73% (11/15) of the HLA B27 positive patients compared with the HLA B27 negative AU patients and controls (P less than 0.03). There was no difference between AU patients with and without associated rheumatic disease or in terms of antibody response. The results of the present study indicate a significant relationship between the cell-mediated immune response to chlamydia group antigen and the HLA B27 positive subgroup of patients with AU.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Chlamydia trachomatis in acute and chronic endometritis.

The present report describes microbial, serological, and histological findings in chlamydial endometritis. Irregular bleeding, frequently seen in salpingitis patients, suggests endometritis, being a common manifestation of that disease. Chlamydia trachomatis is known to be a principal etiological agent of acute salpingitis. Chlamydiae can be recovered from the uterine cavity of such patients. A dense plasma-cell infiltration is seen in patients in whose endometrial epithelial cells chlamydial inclusions are found. A significant antibody response may be demonstrated in such patients. In acute salpingitis, the presence of chlamydial endometritis supports evidence from experimental animal studies that indicate a canalicular spread of chlamydiae from the cervix to the fallopian tubes.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Severe pelvic infection from Chlamydia trachomatis after cesarean section.

A severe pelvic infection developed in a 17-year-old primigravida after a cesarean section. Multiple antibiotics were administered for presumed mixed aerobic and anaerobic infections, without improvement. Subsequently, total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy were performed. Despite negative standard cultures, her condition continued to deteriorate and she required two more exploratory laparotomies for suspected intra-abdominal abscesses. Chlamydia trachomatis and, subsequently, Candida albicans were recovered from cultures of peritoneal fluid obtained after the third operation. Serological tests confirmed the presence of acute chlamydial infection. Marked clinical improvement occurred after doxycycline hyclate administration. Although genitourinary and acute pelvic inflammatory diseases due to chlamydiae have been reported previously, no case of severe pelvic infection due to this agent after cesarean section had been described, to our knowledge. Specimens should be studied specifically for chlamydiae when standard cultures demonstrate no pathogens in women suffering from documented pelvic infection.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1982

[Demonstration of Chlamydia by means of vaginal cytology].

There are mostly metaplastic cells, which are affected by chlamydia, show a dense usually cyanophilic cytoplasm with vacuolization. They are characterized by more or less round granula, sometimes also amorphous inclusion bodies. The vacuoles are multiple and mostly perinuclear, sometimes the nucleus is pushed aside like a signet-ring cell. Also columnar cells of the endocervix may be infected by chlamydia. They are showing more less characteristic signs, mostly a fine vacuolated cytoplasm. A smear of the endocervix, wet fixed, stained by Papanicolaou, allows the suspected diagnosis "chlamydia-infection", if metaplastic or endocervical cells show these characteristic changes. The proof diagnosis however is only possible by cell-culture.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1982

[Prostato-urethritis due to chlamydia].

One of the etiological agents of urethritis and prostatitis is Chlamydia trachomatis which reveals obligatory intracellular parasitism. Patient specimens (smears of the urethra, urine, first portion, expressed prostatic fluid, ejaculate) are centrifuged onto special cell cultures, so-called McCoy cells, and induce characteristic cytoplasmatic inclusions. Giemsa staining or DNA-binding fluorochromes (DAPI or Hoechst 33258) are suitable procedures to identify chlamydia inclusions. Serologic tests to establish infections due to Chlamydia trachomatis are only of limited diagnostic value.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1982

[Electron microscope diagnosis of Chlamydia infections].

A comprehensive study was carried out on the electron microscope diagnostics of Chlamydia in diseased animals, birds, and humans. Studied were ultra thin cross sections, and negative-contrast microscopy was employed in the investigation of a total of 953 clinical, pathologic, and laboratory-and-experimental samples from animals, birds, and humans suspective of being carriers of Chlamydial infections. The investigations were performed in 21 nosologic units. In more than one half of the samples there were elementary and initial bodies. It was found that the direct electron microscopy of Chlamydia in clinical and pathological materials was a very valuable method. Its use for the early morphologic indication and identification of the Chlamydial isolates in chick embryons proved highly effective. Such wider study on the diagnostic value of electron microscopy with Chlamydial infections was carried out for the first time. The results obtained spoke of the fact that it was highly efficient and promising with Chlamydia. Its basic qualities in such case were shown to consist in its promptness, demonstrativeness, and hermlessness. Besides, it proved to be much less time-consuming, up-to-date, and of relatively low primary cost. These characters of the method pointed to its superiority to the conventional morphologic methods making use of the light microscope.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Infection with Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in patients with acute pelvic inflammatory disease.

Of 166 women with acute pelvic inflammatory disease, Mycoplasma hominis was isolated from the cervix of 91 (54.8%), Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from 37 (22.3%), and Neisseria gonorrhoeae was isolated from nine (5.4%). Of the 91 women from whom M. hominis was recovered, 39 developed a significant change in titer of serum antibodies to the organism within one month after admission. Of the 85 patients from whose cervix M. hominis was not isolated, 11 displayed a significant change in titer of antibody to the organism. A change in the titer of IgG antibodies to C. trachomatis was found in 20 women (54.1%) who had Chlamydia-positive cultures and in 14 (10.9%) whose cultures were negative for Chlamydia. The results of the cultural and serologic studies suggest that M. hominis was associated with pelvic inflammatory disease in approximately one-third of the patients, or in half of those women from whose cervix the organism was isolated. In approximately every fifth woman studied, C. trachomatis seemed to be associated with the pelvic inflammation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

Experimental infection of the marmoset genital tract with Chlamydia trachomatis.

A strain of Chlamydia trachomatis isolated in McCoy cells from the urethra of a patient suffering from non-gonococcal urethritis was inoculated into the vagina of 8 female marmosets. Chlamydiae were isolated repeatedly for 10-42 days from the lower genital tract of 7 of the marmosets. Six of the infected animals developed an acute inflammatory reaction in the genital tract and chlamydial inclusions in epithelial cells were seen in smears from 2 of them. In addition, each of 6 infected marmosets examined developed humoral antibodies to C. trachomatis. In contrast, 3 control animals inoculated intravaginally with chlamydia-free McCoy cells showed no evidence of chlamydial infection. Since the marmoset is small and easily bred in captivity, it should provide a useful model for studying the mechanisms of chlamydial pathogenicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Erythromycin treatment of acute and chronic urethritis, prostatitis and colpitis caused by Ureaplasma urealyticum and Chlamydia trachomatis.

This report concerns the treatment of 250 patients with acute or chronic urethritis or urethro-adnexitis which was caused by Ureaplasma urealyticum or Chlamydia trachomatis. The patients were treated with 2 x 1 g erythromycin daily for a period of 3 weeks and were examined 8 days after discontinuing treatment. The MIC and MBC values against erythromycin were determined in some of the isolated Ureaplasma and Chlamydia strains. For Ureaplasma urealyticum the MIC is approximately 0.5 mcg/ml and for Chlamydia trachomatis approximately 2.0 mcg/ml. The report covers therapeutic responses, the benefit of and reasons for long-term treatment, relapses and patients who did not respond to treatment.

Chlamydia Infections↗
PubMed1995

[Investigation of cervical Chlamydia trachomatis infection in gynecologic outpatients].

A group of 662 women in our gynecologic OPD were screened for Chlamydia trachomatis with direct immunofluorecence monoclonal antibody (DFA) staining technique. Their age distribution ranged from 16 to 60 years old. The overall positivity rate was 26.3%. Of the 269 pregnant women, 64 cases were found to have Chlamydia trachomatis infection, an infection rate of 23.74%. There was no statistically significant difference of infection rates among age groups. In the positive group, however, the rate of infertility was 25.43%, much higher than that in the negative group (12.88%, P < 0.01). And there was no statistical significance of infection rates between patients taking contraception and those did not. A positive correlation existed between the degree of cervicitis and the Chlamydia trachomatis infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Improved detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in endocervical samples by using a new polymerase chain reaction assay.

AIM: To compare the performance of a commercially developed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, Amplicor Chlamydia trachomatis from Roche Molecular Systems, with that of a standard enzyme immunoassay (EIA) system, Chlamydiazyme from Abbott Laboratories, which is currently used throughout New Zealand. METHODS: Cervical swabs were collected from 819 female patients attending the family planning clinic in Christchurch. These swabs were then analysed using the Amplicor and Chlamydiazyme assays. RESULTS: The prevalence of chlamydia infection was 4.2% by the Chlamydiazyme EIA method and 5.3% with the Amplicor PCR assay. In 20 cases, where the results from the two assays were discordant, the conflict was 'resolved' by using a third assay which detects a separate region of the chlamydia genome. This gave an overall prevalence of 5.8% of confirmed infections in this group. The Amplicor PCR assay detected 29.4% more cases than the usual EIA method. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that Amplicor PCR assay allows improved identification of C trachomatis infections in a population with a relatively low prevalence of infection. The Amplicor PCR assay detects a significant number of additional infections and should be considered for routine use. As the PCR assay is more expensive a shift in the price/payment structure may be required before this assay comes into widespread use. However, the reduced morbidity resulting from the detection and treatment of otherwise unrecognised cases should also be considered in any cost benefit analysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Cervicitis--epidemiological and clinical risk for Chlamydia trachomatis infection in university students].

Fifty volunteer, asymptomatic sexually active university female students were examined and inquired, in order to find risk factors predictive of Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Epidemiologic and behavioral factors (age, number of sexual partners, oral contraceptives use and history of previous sexually transmitted diseases) were found to be similar among the studied group and published data for North American female college students, but barrier contraceptive methods use was found to be different. Twenty two per cent of the sample had clinical cervicitis, and 30% had subclinical. If the screening models proposed by different authors would have been applied, between a 32% and 72% of the sample would have been selectively for the presence of Chlamydia trachomatis. It is concluded that international sugerences about Chlamydia trachomatis screening should be adopted until national experiences are made.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Chlamydia trachomatis infection and its correlation with cervical preoncogenesis].

Among 612 patients included in this open study, serologic detection of Chlamydia infection was compared with cervical cytologic, histologic and colposcopic abnormalities. Serologic and cytologic evidence of elevated exposure to Chlamydia among patients with squamous intraepithelial lesions was found. Nevertheless, whether the Chlamydia infection represents a non casual association resulting from the correlation with sexual activity or it plays independent or supporting etiologic roles is an issue that warrants further investigations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Frequency of Chlamydia trachomatis in pregnant women.

Frequency of chlamydia trachomatis infection was investigated in eighty-five pregnant women by direct immunofluorescence (IF) and iodine staining methods. The overall frequency of true positive by both methods was 8.2%. Direct immunofluorescence method alone detected chlamydia infection in 16.5% women with 50% sensitivity and 93% specificity and by iodine method in 14.1% women with 58.3% sensitivity and 90.4% specificity. This shows that as compared to IF iodine method is more sensitive and less expensive and easier to perform. The frequency of chlamydia trachomatis infection in our study population appears to be age dependent with younger patients being more likely to be infected than the older patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Non-invasive detection of Chlamydia trachomatis genital infections in asymptomatic males and females by enzyme immunoassay (Chlamydiazyme).

First voided urine, urethral and cervical swabs were collected from 300 asymptomatic inmates made up of 200 males and 100 females from prisons in Fiji. The enzyme immunoassay for detection of chlamydial antigen test was performed on the sediment of the urine samples. The prevalence of chlamydial urethritis in the study population of men as determined by culture of urethral swabs was 15%. Compared with the urethral cultures for chlamydia the urine EIA had a sensitivity of 86.6% and a specificity of 98.2%. In women the incidence of urogenital chlamydia infection was 18%. Using the results of the cervical swabs as a reference standard the urine EIA in the females showed a sensitivity of 61.1% with a specificity of 97.6%. Culturing urine sediments from both men and women showed low results (30.0% for men and 22.2% for women). The rapid enzyme immunoassay testing of male FVU sediment appears to be a reliable, non-traumatic and rapid method of diagnosing Chlamydia infection. The judicious use of this non-invasive method may help in detecting and treating men, thus reducing the rapid spread of the pathogen in the community.

Adult↗