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At least 1,459 records · Page 81Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Foodborne hepatitis A--Missouri, Wisconsin, and Alaska, 1990-1992.

Person-to-person spread is the predominant mode of transmission of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection. However, based on findings for national surveillance for viral hepatitis, since 1983, 3%-8% of reported hepatitis A cases have been associated with suspected or confirmed foodborne or waterborne outbreaks (1). This report summarizes three recent foodborne outbreaks of hepatitis A and addresses the prevention of this problem.

Alaska↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tribal-based cancer control activities among Alaska Natives: services and perceptions.

Cancer has become a significant health problem in American Indian and Alaskan Native (AI/AN) communities. Despite the precipitous rise in cancer rates, limited data are available concerning cancer control services operative in these communities. To address this issue, a cross-sectional survey of all federally recognized tribes was undertaken to ascertain the breadth of cancer control activities offered and Tribal Health Directors perceptions of and priorities ascribed to cancer. This article presents responses given by AN Health Directors juxtaposed to those proffered by AI Health Directors. Nearly three-quarters (71%) of respondents perceived cancer rates to be increasing. Cancer was found to rank third, fifth among AI Health Directors, among seven health conditions when Directors were asked to rank their Tribe's commitment to confronting each one. Awareness of cancer as a public health concern coupled with competing health problems relegates cancer control activities to a lower priority. Findings underscore the need to elevate the issue of cancer in Indian Country as well as to educate investigators to become more sensitive and responsive to other Tribal health issues.

Alaska↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A survey of the practice of prophylactic oophorectomy by gynecologists in the state of Alaska.

A questionnaire was sent to Alaskan gynecologists to evaluate their practice in regard to prophylactic oophorectomy at the time of hysterectomy. At issue is the possible benefit of prophylactic oophorectomy in the prevention of ovarian cancer. Sixty-seven questionnaires were sent and 42 (63%) were returned completed. The percentage who said they would remove apparently normal ovaries at the time of hysterectomy in premenopausal women is as follows: at 35-39 years, 5%; 40-44, 35%; 45-49, 81% and over 49 years, 95%. In postmenopausal women, 97% would recommend removal of the ovaries. 29% of respondents believe that more than 10% of ovarian cancers could be prevented by prophylactic oophorectomy at the time of hysterectomy.

Alaska↗
PubMed1996

Guidelines for prevention and control of hepatitis A in American Indian and Alaska Native communities.

The Aberdeen Area Indian Health Service, South Dakota Department of Health, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have collaborated since 1985 to investigate hepatitis A in Indian communities in the Northern Plains and to implement clinical trials of hepatitis A vaccine. After licensure of the hepatitis A vaccine in February 1995, community wide immunization programs have been implemented effectively in several communities experiencing hepatitis A outbreaks. The state health department, tribal health departments, Indian Health Service facilities, Head Start programs and schools have provided hepatitis A immunizations to children aged 2-12 years in each of these communities after obtaining parental consent. Culturally-specific educational materials were developed and extensive health education efforts were provided by IHS and tribal programs. Hepatitis A contacts age 2-12 were offered the hepatitis A vaccine at the same time they were offered passive immunization with immune globulin. To date over 70% of parents contacted by letter or in person have returned consent forms to have their children immunized. Higher response rates were obtained in communities where home visits were made to explain this program in more detail. The outbreaks appear to have stopped after 70% or more of the children aged 2-12 years were immunized. Immunization programs are being implemented in all Northern Plains Indian communities utilizing hepatitis. A vaccine from the Vaccine For Children Program. These efforts will likely eliminate hepatitis A as a health problem for Indian communities.

Adolescent↗