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PubMed1992

[Spirographic predicted values for young men in Poland].

Basing on results of VC and FEV1 measurements in 293 males of the age group 15-40 years using the regression calculations new predictive values were calculated. These values were compared with values published 27 years earlier by Nikodemowicz and Morris's normograms. The latter published the highest reference values, on which most computer programs are based on. The analysis demonstrated significantly higher predictive values compared to those of Nikodemowicz, and comparable with the Morris's normograms. It seems that the latter can be used for reference values in Poland.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[New trends in child cancer information systems development in Poland].

On the basis of previously performed system analysis, the structure, organisation and technological platform of children cancer information system in Poland is proposed. The postulated system should preserve the division into the national children's cancer register dedicated to epidemiological analyses and clinical information systems for deepened clinical analyses. The project anticipates evolutional development taking into account global norms and standards as well as modern telematic technology.

Child↗
PubMed1992

Adherence to entry criteria and one year experience of long-term oxygen therapy in Poland.

The adherence to entry criteria and results of one year long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) in Poland were analysed. Four hundred and seven patients with advanced respiratory failure due to chronic lung diseases qualified for LTOT were observed for one year in 12 regional LTOT centres. There were 315 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 92 with other chronic lung diseases. In 270 patients the prescription of oxygen was based on the single criterion of stable arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) less than or equal to 55 mmHg (7.3 kPa); and in the remaining 137 with less severe stable hypoxaemia (PaO2 56-65 mmHg) (7.4-8.6 kPa), on concomitant signs of cor pulmonale and/or of tissue hypoxia. Of 407 patients who started LTOT, 95 (23%) died during the first year of treatment. The mortality rate was 21% for COPD patients and 33% for patients with other lung diseases. After one year of LTOT 312 patients survived: 250 COPD patients and 62 with other lung diseases. Of these, 19 COPD patients (8%) and 9 with other chronic lung disease (15%) who had PaO2 less than or equal to 55 mmHg (7.3 kPa) when oxygen was prescribed, presented with PaO2 greater than 55 mmHg (7.3 kPa). From the 137 patients (106 with COPD and 31 with other lung diseases) who qualified with less severe hypoxaemia, 10 COPD patients (10%) and 5 (16%) with other lung disease had PaO2 greater than 65 mmHg (8.6 kPa).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Eligibility Determination↗
PubMed2002

[Epidemiology of HCV infection in Poland and the world].

The WHO data indicate HCV infection as a very important problem for public health. About 3.1% of world population was infected in the years 1975-1980. According to WHO prognosis number of infected persons is still growing. The importance of this problem is illustrated by the fact of its priority range of WHO, European Union Health programs as well as National Health Program in Poland. Clinical picture and lack of epidemiological data make the data about real endanger incomplete. The prevalence of HCV infection have never been established unequivocally, and available data are different. Current (1999) PZH register gives the number of hepatitis C cases as 1988, and incidence rate was 5.1 per 100,000. Epidemiology of HCV infection is basically shaped by the way of infection. Infection by blood and blood products did not tested for anti-HCV antibodies as well as using infected medical instruments are well documented. There are also possibilities of sexual, perinatal and household infections. Acupuncture, tattoo and other manipulations living to skin discontinue also favour the HCV infection. The risk of infection connected with health care serving is the most important for patients as well as for healthcare professionals.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed2002

[Awareness of HIV/AIDS hazards in the youth from Southern Podlasie compared with the state of knowledge in the general population of Poland].

Southern Podlasie is a specific region as regards HIV/AIDS hazards for its geographical position (border zone) as well as social problems (high level of unemployment). The aim of the research was to find out the level of knowledge of rural youth on the subject of risk factors and ways of spreading HIV as well as AIDS clinic. 405 students aged 15-17 (197 males and 208 females) that attend chosen rural schools on the territory of Southern Podlasie were questioned. The method of diagnostic poll was employed in the research using the questionnaire "HIV/AIDS knowledge and beliefs" from international studies on school youth health preservation (HBSC)--the supervisor of the project in Poland is professor B. Woynarowska). The research has shown different levels of knowledge of rural youth on the subject of HIV/AIDS. There were still many false opinions among the people questioned about the ways of HIV infection. Despite considerable knowledge about the ways of reducing the risk of HIV infection, there was low level of knowledge concerning AIDS treatment compared with the results of nationwide survey, there were fewer correct answers in our study group. It is the duty of schools, parents and mass media to provide the youth with relevant information on the subject of HIV/AIDS. Only systematic education in this domain can protect the infected persons and their partners or children against the consequences of ignoring the disease.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Variability in the content and composition of essential oil from lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) cultivated in Poland.

Essential oil from a few different population of M. officinalis cultivated in Poland has been investigated. The percentage of essential oil ranged from 0.08 to 0.25 ml/100 g in the leaves and from 0.06 to 0.167 ml/100 g in the herb and was higher in the plant material from experimental patch than that from commercial cultivations. Comparative determinations of the essential oil in fresh and dried material showed slightly higher content of the oil in the fresh one. The analysis of the oil composition has been performed by GC and GC/MS. Great differences in the contents of citral, citronellal, linalool, nerol, geraniol beta-caryophyllene and beta-caryophyllene oxide among the populations has been found. Effect of the harvest time, drying and storage on the composition of lemon balm oil has also been studied.

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diagnosis and management of children born to HIV infected mothers in Poland.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe the management of children born to HIV positive mothers in Poland. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between 1987 to 2003, 218 children of HIV positive mothers were admitted to the Department of Children's Infectious Diseases of the Medical University in Warsaw. Currently recommended management of newborn infants and the routine schedule of diagnostic procedures of children born to HIV positive mothers were discussed. Children, who were in the programme of HIV mother to child transmission (MTCT) prophylaxis, are followed up from birth. Their psychosomatic development is evaluated. They also follow a modified vaccination schedule. RESULTS: From 1994 to 2003 the prevention programme of vertical transmission was carried out in 107 children. The risk of vertical transmission in this group was 2%. CONCLUSIONS: Children born to HIV infected mothers need to be diagnosed, to receive antiretroviral therapy initiated at the moment of diagnosis of HIV infection and to be under specialized care.

AIDS Vaccines↗
PubMed2003

[Alcohol drinking in the time of political transition in Poland. Report of the National Health Programme ].

The National Health Programme was adopted in Poland in the mid-1990s. It consists of 18 targets including target 4 that calls for diminishing alcohol consumption and changing its structure as well as limiting health harms associated with alcohol. The programme is being monitored on bi-annual basis. The monitoring covers a level of alcohol consumption and associated harm including trends in mortality and morbidity as well as in road accidents in 1990-2001 period. During the period in point, particularly in the beginning of the transition alcohol consumption increased at least by one third reaching 10-11 litres of pure ethanol per capita, mostly due to sudden disruption of the alcohol control system and high tide of unrecorded supply. Currently, the consumption is estimated to be 9.5-10.0 litres with 30% share of the unrecorded. During last decade recorded morbidity due to mental disorders associated with alcohol increased by 80% and 60% respectively in out- and in-patient system while mortality rates almost doubled. Male mortality due to liver diseases increased by 50% while that of women remained relatively flat. In last few years, alcohol related mortality tended to decline slightly parallel to consumption trends. Significant improvement has been achieved in prevention of drunken diving. The number of deaths in alcohol related road accidents decreased two fold while a rate of drunken crashes per 1000 vehicles dropped three times.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Current problems in psychiatric health care in Poland (2003)].

The paper is a presentation of the most important and actual psychiatric health care problems in Poland: the financial situation of hospitals, the risks faced by the out-patient psychiatric care, maintaining the legal issues of the psychiatric patients, the situation of forensic psychiatry and legal-psychiatric expertise, postgraduate training, availability of psychotropic drugs. Attention is paid to the importance of giving the programme of psychiatric health protection a status of evident value and that this programme should become a national programme.

Forensic Psychiatry↗
PubMed2004

Attitudes toward preventive oophorectomy among BRCA1 mutation carriers in Poland.

Currently genetic testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 susceptibility genes is performed throughout Europe and North America. In Poland three founder mutations in BRCA1 account for 14% of all invasive ovarian cancers and oophorectomy is frequently recommended to mutation carriers as a preventive measure. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate patient acceptance of the recommendation for prophylactic oophorectomy in a hereditary cancer clinic. Seventy-two women over the age of 40 and who carried a BRCA1 mutation were advised to undergo prophylactic oophorectomy. After a mean follow-up period of 19 months, 43 of the women (60%) had undergone the procedure. Of the 29 women who had not had an oophorectomy, five indicated that they did not intend to do so, 19 indicated that they intended to have the operation in the near future and five were undecided. In conclusion, preventive oophorectomy is acceptable to most Polish women at high risk of hereditary ovarian cancer and should be among the range of services offered in cancer genetics clinics.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Effect of three years obligatory iodine prophylaxis on the incidence of goiter in school children fron the seaside region of Poland].

UNLABELLED: In 1993 a mild iodine deficiency in the seaside region of Poland was revealed. In 1997 a mandatory iodine prophylaxis was introduced. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of goiter in schoolchildren aged 12-15 years from the seaside area after 3 years of obligatory iodine prophylaxis. The study comprised 628 children (291 boys and 337 girls). Thyroid size was estimated by palpation and by ultrasonography. Analysis of iodine excretion (Uroiod-Test Merck) was performed in 147 children. The goiter was found in 9% of children by palpation. The mean thyroid volume in 12 years old group was 9.3 +/- 5.1 ml, in 13 years old group 10.6 +/- 4.2 ml, 14 years old group 11.7 +/- 3.9 ml, 15 years 13.8 +/- 4.3 ml. The thyroid volume in girls was larger than that in boys. Thyroid volume above 97th percentile was assessed by ultrasound in 16% children (all of them from rural area). No goiter was found by palpation or ultrasound in children living in Gdańsk Thyroid volume is closely correlated with iodine excretion, age and height. Urinary iodine excretion above 100 micrograms/l was stated in 68% children. CONCLUSIONS: Model of obligatory iodised salt prophylaxis is highly effective and is able to increase urinary iodine excretion and decrease of goiter prevalence. Ultrasound is especially recommended for the evaluation of thyroid volume in children from previously mild iodine deficiency areas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

The development and achievements of medical law in Poland: 1989-2003.

The aim of the article is to provide a brief overview of the development and achievements of medical law in Poland following the fall of he socialist system. The legal solutions that have been adopted over those years are satisfactory and compatible with the regulations currently in force in European Union member countries. Awareness of medical law has increased significantly in interested circles, especially among lawyers and medical professions. Thanks to ever more numerous scientific publications, handbooks and articles in the field, frequent conferences and the ever richer body of judicial decisions by civil courts the doctrine of medical law has clearly seen major developments. A lot of importance is currently attached to training in medical law.

Congresses as Topic↗
PubMed2003

[The beginning of stereotactic treatment of extrapyramidal disorders in Poland].

Oskar Liszka in cooperation with I. Gościński i Z. Wicentowicz in 1961 introduced in Poland Guiot-Gillingham stereotactic method of operation and then modified it in 1967. In the next years stereotactic procedures in extrapyramidal diseases were performed also in Warszawa--J. Subczyński, E. Mempel and J. Bidziński, in Białystok J. Łebkowski, in Szczecin J. Slósarek and I. Kojder, in Bydgoszcz M. Harat, in Gdańsk P. Słoniewski. Contemporary W. Koszewski and M. Zabek in Warszawa. In Lublin T. Trojanowski et al. use stereotactic radiotherapy in the treatment of angiomas of the brain.

Basal Ganglia Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Allele distribution of the ten STR loci in Central Poland population].

Allele frequency data for ten STR loci: D3S1358, vWA, D16S539, D2S1338, D8S1179, D21S11, D18S51, D19S433, TH01, FGA were estimated in a sample of 350 unrelated individuals in Central Poland population (Lodz region). The accordance with the Hardy and Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) for all investigated loci was proved. The allele distributions were compared to the similar data for other populations.

Alleles↗
PubMed2003

Alder phytophthora in Poland: occurrence and plants colonization.

Common alder (Alnus glutinosa) decline has been observed in Poland during the last 6 years. Alder Phytophthora was recorded, however, only from one sampling area in the middle of the country. Species of Armillaria, Fusarium, Mucor, Penicillium and Trichoderma were also isolated from diseased trees. Inoculation of alder stem parts, leaves and seedlings with Phytophthora isolates resulted in the development and spread of necrosis. Studies will be continued in the nearest years.

Alnus↗
PubMed2003

Early results of a new liver transplant program in Szczecin, Poland.

New liver transplant programs have usually been associated with a significant learning curve. This learning curve, however, can be minimized or avoided if certain conditions are met. In this paper we describe the establishment of a new liver transplant program in Szczecin, Poland and present its early results. Four members of the team underwent training in clinical liver transplantation in major centers in Europe. Transplant protocols were then adopted, all the necessary facilities set up, and multidisciplinary team created. Between February 2002 and August 2003, 22 adult orthotopic liver transplantations (OLT) were performed in 21 patients (13 male; mean age 46.3 years; range 33-62), including I retransplant for early hepatic artery thrombosis. Eighteen (86%) patients are alive between 4 and 22 (median 11) months after OLT. Seventeen patients have normal liver function and 14 of them have resumed full life activity. Three patients died: one of bacterial peritonitis (day 6), one of chronic rejection with allograft failure (month 4) and one following massive stroke (month 10). Surgical complications occurred in 7 patients (33%). We believe that proper training of vital team members at established transplant centers with good results, availability of adequate equipment and all the facilities required with strict adherence to transplant protocols are all paramount for a successful start of a liver transplant program.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Haemolytic disease of the newborn due to anti-Dia and incidence of the Dia antigen in Poland.

A strong complement-fixing incomplete anti-Dia was found in the serum of a Polish mother who gave birth to a newborn suffering from a severe haemolytic anaemia. The whole family was of Polish origin. 9,661 donor blood samples from different regions of Poland were tested against antiserum derived from that mother. Dia antigen was present on red cells of 45 (0.46%) individuals. All of them were of Polish origin. In some cases, family studies were undertaken.

Adult↗