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Results for “Neural Conduction”

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PubMed1979

A supernormal period in central axons following single cell stimulation.

Intracellular recordings were obtained from caudate (Cd) nucleus efferent neurons in the cat. A supernormal period, as characterized by increased excitability and conduction velocity, was found for the Cd efferent fibers following either a conditioning antidromic action potential, or a single orthodromic action potential induced by direct current application through the recording microelectrode. These data indicate that the impulse activity of a single fiber can modulate excitability and conduction velocity independent of surround impulse activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Physiological properties of ascending locus coeruleus axons in the squirrel monkey.

Discharge activity was recorded extracellularly from individual neurons of the nucleus locus coeruleus in anesthetized squirrel monkeys. These cells exhibited long-duration (2-3 ms) action potentials and discharged spontaneously in a slow (0.2-2 Hz) irregular fashion. Stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus evoked antidromic responses at latencies of 10-20 ms, indicating conduction velocities of over 1 m/s in some cases. The mean refractory period for these axons was 2.6 ms. When the rate of hypothalamic stimulation was increased from 1 to 10 Hz there was a 15-20% increase in antidromic latencies. These properties are similar to those previously observed for rat LC neurons, except that conduction velocities are higher in monkey.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An analytical model for the "large, fluctuating synaptic conductance state" typical of neocortical neurons in vivo.

A model of in vivo-like neocortical activity is studied analytically in relation to experimental data and other models in order to understand the essential mechanisms underlying such activity. The model consists of a network of sparsely connected excitatory and inhibitory integrate-and-fire (IF) neurons with conductance-based synapses. It is shown that the model produces values for five quantities characterizing in vivo activity that are in agreement with both experimental ranges and a computer-simulated Hodgkin-Huxley model adapted from the literature (Destexhe et al. (2001) Neurosci. 107(1): 13-24). The analytical model builds on a study by Brunel (2000) (J. Comput. Neurosci. 8: 183-208), which used IF neurons with current-based synapses, and therefore does not account for the full range of experimental data. The present results suggest that the essential mechanism required to explain a range of data on in vivo neocortical activity is the conductance-based synapse and that the particular model of spike initiation used is not crucial. Thus the IF model with conductance-based synapses may provide a basis for the analytical study of the "large, fluctuating synaptic conductance state" typical of neocortical neurons in vivo.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1964

"ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION" AT AN EXCITATORY SYNAPSE IN A VERTEBRATE BRAIN.

A type of excitatory synaptic transmission which is novel for the vertebrate brain has been found in the ner neuron (M-cell) by means of the passive spread of their action currents across the synaptic membrane. After stimulating the ipsilateral eighth cranial nerve, an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) appears in the M-cell with a latency which is very brief ( about 0.1 msec) and which proba; bly represents a negligible synaptic delay. This response is attributed to the club endings: there were steep gradients of potential along the lateral dendrite of the M-cell during activity and the early EPSP was maximal in the distal part of the dendrite where the club endings predominate. Potential changes in the M-cell spread (passively) backwards into certain eighth-nerve fibers (probably club endings) indicating the presence of special low-resistance connections between them and the M-cell.

Animals↗